N 



I 
V 



DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR 

U. s. BUR,EA.XJ OF STATISTICS 



TERRITOPJAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF THE 

UNITED STATES, 1800-1903 



ADDITIONS TO THE NATIONAL AREA AND THEIR SUBDIVISION 
INTO TERRITORIES AND STATES 



AND 



STATISTICS OF GROWTH IN POPULATION, PRODUCTION 

COMMERCE, AND WEALTH 



[From the Summasy op Commerce and Finance for Mav, 1904] 



O. p. AUSTIN, Chief of Bureau 




WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1904 









i^/y 



TERRITORIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF THE 

UNITED STATES, 1800-1903. 



ADDITIONS TO THE NATIONAL AREA AND THEIR SUBDIVISION 
INTO TERRITORIES AND STATES, 



AND 



STATISTICS OF GROWTH IN POPULATION, PRODUCTION, COMMERCE, AND WEALTH. 



(/7i^ 



co:n"ten"ts. ^^ 



Page. 

liitroiluotory '- 4297 

Additions to the territory of the United States from 1800 to 1900 4299 

Area and popniation of the United States ■1299 

OUTLINE HISTORY OF THE ADDITIONS OF TEKRITOKY. 

Historical sketch of the Lonisiana pnrcliase 4299 

Colonization of Louisiana by the Frencli V?>Q\ 

Boundary bet\veen tlie EngHsh and French fixed at the Mississippi 4301 

France cedes Louisiana to Spain -1301 

Spanish occupation -I'^f 1 

Difficulties regarding free navigation of tlie Mississippi 4301 

Louisiana territory retroceded to France 4303 

Alarm in the LTnited States as a result of retrocession to France 4303 

Mission sent to France to purchase New Orleans 4303 

Commission purchases Louisiana Territory 4303 

American occupation 4303 

Population of Louisiana Territory at date of purchase 4303 

Territory east of the mouth ijf the Mississippi added to Louisiana 4303 

Transformation of the Louisiana purchase into States and Territories 4305 

Area, population, and prochiction - 4307 

Mineral wealth 4307 

iJanking statistics 4307 

Educational conditions 4307 

Newspapers, post-offices, and railways 4307 

Future possibilities considered 4307 

Historical sketch of the State of Texas 4309 

Establishment of the Repul)Uc of Texas 4309 

Acknowleilgment of independence by United States 4309 

Annexation to United States 43 1 1 

Recent growth 43 11 

Historical sketcli of the Mexican cession 4311 

California 4313 

Historical sketch of the Oregon Territory 4315 

Transformation of the Mexican cession and Oregon Territory into States 4315 

Present conditions ' - 4317 

Total area of the original thirteen States as defined by the Peace Treaty of 1783, and its distriljution into States 4319 

Statistics of States of the Union organized from aci [\ured territorj' 4321-4335 

Maps showing additions to original area of United States and transformation into States and Territories 4298—1332 

STATISTICS OF PROGRESS OP THE UNITED STATES. 

Progress of the LTnited States in its area, population, an<l material industries 4337-4365 

Total value of imports and exports into and from the United States, 1790 to 1903 4366 

Imports and exports of princi|ial countries of the world and their commerce with United States; also their revenue, expenditure, 

indebtedness, currency, stocks of money, area, population, and per capita of commert'e, currency, indebtedness, etc 4368-4374 

III 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



ADDITIONS TO THE NATIONAL AREA, AND THEIR SUBDIVISION INTO TERRITORIES AND STATES; AND STATISTICS 
OF GROWTH IN POPULATION, PRODUCTION, COMMERCE, AND WEALTH. 



INTRODUCTORY. 



The conjunction or approximate conjunction of several centennial periods in the history of the United States 
suggests the presentation in narrative, as well as statistical, form of some facts regarding the territorial 
expansion and material progress of the country since the organization of the present form of government. In 
1889 occurred the centennial of the establishment of the government; three years later the fourth centennial of 
the discovery of America ; a little later the close of the nineteenth century, and with it the census and other 
records of decennial and centennial progress, and in the same year the centennial of the location of the seat of 
government at Washington; the centennial of the Louisiana Purchase is now being celebrated; a little later there 
will be a similar recognition of the great exploring expedition wMch resulted in extending the control of the 
United States to the Pacific coast at the Northwest, and in 1907 will occur the third centennial of the first 
permanent settlement in the United States-Jamestown, 1607. The conjunction or approximate conjunction of 
these great centennial anniversaries seems to justify the presentation somewhat in detail of not only the additions 
to the'' area, and the transitions of the various areas into the present political divisions, but also a statistical 
outline of the material development, in population, production, commerce, manufactures, and wealth, which 
has during the century brought the United States to the head of the world's list of producing, manufacturing, 

and exporting nations. 

There have been fifteen additions to the original territory of the Union, including Alaska, the Hawaiian, 
Philippine, and Samoan islands and Guam, in the Pacific, and Porto Pvico, in the West Indies; and the total area 
of the United States, including the noncontiguous territory, is now fully five times that of the original thirteen 
colonies. The series of maps which follow show each of these additions to the original territory; also the steps 
by which the original territorv and that added at the various dates were transformed first into Territories and 
then into the States as they now exist. In attempting to present to the eye by a series of maps a chronological 
history of the transition from the original territory of about 700,000 square miles to the present area of 3,770,951 
square miles, and from the thirteen original colonies to more than fifty political divisions, only the important 
steps can be presented, and many comparatively unimportant changes in boundary lines must necessarily be 

omitted. 

The maps which follow show in outline the territory claimed by the thirteen colonies at the beginning of 
the Y.ar of the Revolution; the additional territory included within the boundaries agreed upon between t.he 
united colonies and Great Britain at the close of that war; the cession of a part of the territory of the colonies 
to the common Union; the additions to this common territory made by the Louisiana, the Florida, the Mexican, 
and the Gadsden purchases, the Texas annexation, the settlement of the Oregon claim, the Alaska purchase, and 
the more recent additions of noncontiguous territory, and chronologically the transition of these various areas into 
the States and Territories now existing. It is proper to add that the boundaries claimed Ijy the various colonies 
prior to and at the close of the war of the Revolution frequently intersected and overlapped each other, so 
that certain areas, especially in the Ohio Valley, were claimed by more than one of the colonies. It was largely 
due to these contlicting claims that the colonics decided to obviate the possibility of discord and internal conflict 
by mutually ceding to the common Union that part of the territory in which these conflicting boundary lines 
overlapped each other. It has not been practicable, in presenting in the first map of the series the outline of the 
thirteen colonics, to show all of these conflicting boundary lines, but only to indicate those most generally 
accepted. Nor has it been practicable to determine accurately the area of the original thirteen colonies. The 
census of 1790 gave the total area at that time at 827,811 square miles, but this included the area added to the 
original territory of the thirteen colonies by the treaty of 1783, in which Great Britain ceded to them certain 
territory at the Northwest and Southwest not originally within their boundaries, but which they then claimed 
by possession and otherwise, at the termination of the war of the Revolution. 

No. 11 2 ^297 



4298 TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. [Mat, 



?^T^ 





\. 



v/-^ 



No. 1. — 1776. Akea of the Thirteen Colonies at Date of Revolution. 







...^ 



"A 



V. 




No. 2. — 1783. Showing Addition by Peace Treaty of 1783 on the >ioKT!nvE.ST and South'^'est. 



1904.] 



TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMEKOIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. 



4299 



DETAILS OF ADDITIONS TO TERRITORY, AND AREA AND POPULATION OF UNITED STATES IN CENSUS 

YEARS. 

The additions to the territory of the United States subsequent to the peace treaty with Great Britain of 1783 
are shown by the following table, prepared by the General Laud Office of the Interior Department: 

Additions to the Territory of the United States from 1800 to 1903. 



TERRITORIAL DIVISION. 


Year. 


Area added. 


Purchase 
price. 


TERRITORIAL DIVISION. 


Year. 


Area added. 


Purchase 
price. 




1803 
1819 
1846 
184G 
1848 
1850 
1853 
1867 


Square miles. 

875,025 

70,107 

389,796 " 

288,689 

623,802 

(=)^ 

36,211 

599,446 


Dollars. 
15,000,000 
1 6,489,768 


Hawaiian Islands 


1897 
1898 
1898 
1899 
1899 
1901 


Square miles. 

6,740 

3,600 

175 

143,000 

73 

08 


Dollars. 










Guam 








Philippine Islands 


20,000,000 




= 18, 250, 000 

10,000,000 

10, 000, 000 

7,200,000 


Samoan Islands 




Additional Philippines 


100,000 


Gadsden purchase 




2,930,731 


87,039,768 











1 Includes interest payment. 

- Of which S3,250,000 was in payment of claims of American citizens against Jlexico. 

3 Area purchased from Texas amounting to 123,784 square miles is not Included in the column of area added, because it became a part of the area 
of the United States with the admission of Texas. 

The following table, published by the United States Census Office in May, 1901, shows the gross area and 

population of the United States at each of the decennial censuses from 1790 to 1900, exclusive of all noncontiguous 

territory. 

Area and Population of the United States. 



YEARS. 



1790. 
1800, 
1810, 
1820, 
1830, 
1840, 



Square iniles. 
827,844 
827, 844 
1,999,775 
2,059,043 
2,059,043 
2, 059, 043 



Population. 



3, 929, 214 
5, 308, 483 
7, 239, 881 
9,633,822 
12,866,020 
17, 069, 453 



YEARS. 



1850, 
1860, 
1870, 
1880 
1890 
1900 



Area. 



Square miles. 
2,980,959 
3,025,600 
3,025,600 
3, 025, 600 
8,025,600 
8, 025, 600 



Population. 



23,191,876 
31,443,321 
38, 658, 371 
50, 155, 783 
62, 622, 250 
75,695,379 



OUTLINE HISTORY OF THE ADDITIONS OF TERRITORY, THEIR TRANSITION INTO TERRITORIES 
AND STATES, AND THEIR PRESENT AND RELATIVE VALUE AS A PRODUCING AREA. 



HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE. 

The earliest record of the acquaintance of the white man with the mouth of the Mississippi is the visit of 
Alvarez de Pineda and his companions in 1519, who, it is said, entered the mouth of the Missis.sippi and spent 
six weeks on its banks. Ten years later De Narvaez touched at the mouth of the Mississippi, and in 1541 De Soto 
crossed the Mississippi at a considerable distance above its mouth, and, after further wanderings, perished on its 
bank near the mouth of the Arkansas, his followers, after considerable delay, passing down the stream and 
arriving at its mouth July 18, 1543, turning westward along the shores of the Gulf of Mexico and ending the 
record of Spanish exploration of the Mississippi. 

The French exploration of the Mississippi Valley in the following century was from the north, where 
explorers from their Canadian settlements moved down the Mississippi; but it was not until April 7, 1682, that 
the first party of explorers, headed bj' Robert Cavalier de La Salic, reached the mouth of the Mississippi, and on 
April 9 erected a column and took possession of the countiy, affixing to tlic column tbc arms of France with this 
inscription: "Louis le Grand, Roi de France et de Navarre, rSgne; le neuvicnie Aviil. lt)8i'.'' 

La Salle and his followers returned northward shortly, but three years later Henri do Tonty, who had 
accompanied him, again visited this spot and replanted, farther from the banks of the stream, the column, which 
had been thrown down by driftwood. 



4300 



TEREITORIAL AND COIIMEECIAL EXPANSIO:^f OF UNITED STATES. 



[May, 




No. 3.-1781-1790. Showino First Organization op Territory Ceded to the Union by the Colonies from 1781 to 1790. 
(All of the Colonies except Georgia had during this time Ceded their Western Territory.) 




V/-^N 




No. 4.— 1790-1800. Vermont cut off from New York and Admitted as a State (1791).— Tennessee Formed and Admitted 
AS A State (1793), and Adjacent Territory at the South Designated as "Territory South or Tennessee."— Territory ai 
THE E.xtreme Southwest Organized as Territory op Mississippi (1798). 



1904.] TEKRITOEIiVL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STxVTES. 4301 

COLONIZATION OF LOUISIANA BY THE FRENCH. 

In ]698 Louis XIV fitted out an expedition to colonize Louisiana, with Capt. Pierre le Moyne d'Iberville in 
command. It arrived at the mouth of the Mississippi early in 1699, and built a fort and established the first 
permanent colony on the eastern side of the mouth of Biloxi Bay, communication being maintained at long 
intervals between this post and the French colonies in Canada. 

In 1712 the first regnlar charter for the government of Louisiana was granted to Antoine Crozat, whose 
efforts to estalish a settlement and develop the country soon proved unsatisfactory and w-ere abandoned in 1718. 
Another charter Avas immediately granted to John Law, whose operations seem to have been less disadvantageous 
to the Louisiana colony than to those of France who became interested in his operations, as William Preston 
Johnston says that the privilege granted him "finally inured to the benefit of the colony," while other writers 
indicate that the colony flourished during at least a part of the control of his Mississippi, or West India 
Company. 

In 1717 Jean Baptiste de Bienville selected the tract whereon New Orleans now stands as a site for an 
agricultural and commercial settlement, and in the year following, being appointed governor, sent his chief 
engineers with a force of 80 convicts, lately arrived from the prisons of France, to clear the land and trace out the 
plan of a town, which he named Nouveau Orleans in honor of Orleans, then duke of France. From that time 
until 1732 it was maintained only as a small military trading post, but in August, 1733, it was made the official 
quarters of the governor of the colony. 

BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE ENGLISH AND FRENCH FIXED AT THE MISSISSIPPI. 

The seven years' war in which France and Great Britain contended for the final possession of this continent 
terminated with the definitive treaty of Paris signed in 1763, which fixed the western boundary of the British 
possessions along the middle of the Mississippi River from its source down to the Iberville, and thence down the 
center of that river or bayou and through Lakes Maurepas and Pontchartrain to the Mexican Gulf. 

FRANCE CEDES LOUISIANA TO SPAIN. 

The Louisiana Territory was ceded by France to Spain by a secret treaty on November 3, 1762, which, 
however, was not made public until 1763, and in 1764 the director-general of Louisiana was directed to acquaint 
the inhabitants of that province with the act of cession and to turn over the government to the officers of Spain 
when they should arrive to receive it. The motive of this cession, according to Wallace, "appears to have been 
to indemnify Spain for her expenses in the war then just closed, and to prevent Louisiana from falling into the 
hands of Great Britain." He adds, however, that "moreover, the province had become a burden to the French 
Government, of which it was anxious to be disencumbered. It has been computed that France, in her prolonged 
attempt to colonize Louisiana, expended directly or indirectly nearly $20,000,000, without receiving anj^ propor- 
tionate return." 

SPANISH OCCUPATION. 

The Spanish governor, Antonio de Ulloa, ai-rived at New Orleans March 5, 1766, but his restrictions upon 
commerce of French citizens with France created such dissatisfaction that a convention of planters on October 
28, 1768, passed resolutions pi'aying for a restoration of their former privileges and the expulsion of the Span- 
iards, and on the passage bj' the council of a decree requiring the Spanish troops to leave the colony within three 
days, Ulloa and his troops immediately embarked for Spain. He was succeeded, however, by another Spanish 
governor, who brought the colony under complete Spanish control. 

Difiicalties regarding free navigation of the Mississippi. — During the occupancy of the territory b}^ Spain 
American colonists experienced much difficulty in maintaining the right of free navigation of the Mississippi, 
and the opposition of Spain was so great that in 1786 the Congress of the Confederation, by a vote of 7 to 5, 
agreed to suspend temporaril}' its demand for tJiis right, and a treatj^ was fi'amed by which the claim was to be 
suspended for twent5'-five years, but not relinquished. This, however, proved very unsatisfactory to the popu- 
lation of the Mississippi Valley and the entire question was referred to the new Government which assumed 
control in 1789. In 1795 Tiiomas Pinckney, as envoy extraordinarj', negotiated a treaty with Spain b}' which it 
was agreed that the navigation of the Mississippi should be free to the citizens of the United States, and that they 
should for the space of three years have the privilege of depositing their merchandise in the port of New Orleans 
and to export it from thence without paying any other duty than a fair price for hire of the buildings in which 
it might be stored. It was also agreed to renew this privilege at New Orleans at the end of three years or grant 
a similar privilege at some other point on the hanks of the Mississippi. 



4302 



TEREITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



[Mav, 




No. 5. — 1800. "Territory Northwest op the Ohio" Divided and the Western Part Organized as "Indiana Territory. " 




■"s 



V/^X 







No. 6. — 1802-1804. Ohio Admitted as a State and the Remainder of the Tekritoev Xoutiuvest of the Ohio Atiahikd to 
Indiana Territory (1802). — Georgia Cedes Her AVestern Territory to the Union (1802), and this Area and the Unor- 
ganized Territory' South of Tennessee were Incori'orated with Mississippi Territory (1804). 



1S04.] TBEEITOEIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 4303 

LOUISIANA TERRITORY RETROCEDED TO FRANCE. 

In the year 1800 the King of Spain, desiring the aid of Napoleon in the erection of the kingdom of Etruria 
for his son-in-law, the Diilie of Parma, made an agreement for the retrocession of the Louisiana Territory to 
France as an equivalent for that aid, the French Government being quite willing to obtain new territory in 
America in lieu of that lost to England a few years earlier. This agreement, made October 1, 1800, remained a 
secret for more than a year, and even then France did not assume control of the territory. In 1802 the Spanish 
official still in charge at New Orleans abrogated the right of deposit at that city and refused to name any other 
place as provided by the treaty. 

Alarm in the United States as a result of retrocession to France. — The announcement made in 1802 that Louisiana 
had been retroceded to France caused great alarm in the United States, whose relations with France had been 
recently strained through the treatment of the embassy sent in 1797 to adjust the differences between the two 
nations, and the people of the Mississippi Valley especially felt that control of the Louisiana Territory and city of 
New Orleans by Franco threatened the permanent closing of the Mississippi River against American commerce. 

Mission sent to France to purchase New Orleans. — The resvxlt of this feeling was a resolution offered in Congress 
authorizing the President to call out 50,000 militia and take possession of New Orleans, but a substitute was 
adopted appropriating 12,000,000 for the purchase of New Orleans, and on January 10, 1803, James Monroe was 
sent as minister extraordinary to cooperate with our minister to France, Robert R. Livingston, for the purchase. 

PURCHASE OF LOUISIANA TERRITORY BY UNITED STATES COMMISSION. 

Monroe, on his ariival in France, found that negotiations for the purchase of New Orleans had been begun 
b}^ Minister Livingston, and the commissioners were surprised by a counter proposition from Napoleon's repre- 
sentative, Barbe-Marbois, in which he offered to sell all of the Louisiana Territory to the United States, suggesting 
100,000,000 francs as the price; and the commissioners, although they had not been authorized to negotiate for 
more than the city of New Orleans, offered $10,000,000, and on the following day, April 13, an agreement was 
reached for the sale to the United States of the entire Louisiana Territory for $15,000,000, of which $11,250,000 
was to be in the form of 6 per cent United States bonds, and the United States to assume the payment of certain 
claims of American citizens against the French Government, amounting to $8,750,000. This treaty reached 
Washington for ratification July 14, Congress was called into special session October 17, and the treaty confirmed 
by the Senate after two days of discussion, and on October 28 a resolution to carry it into effect was passed after 
much opposition by many who expressed the belief that the territory was not worth the price proposed to be 
paid, and that its control would be difficult and unprofitable. 

American occupation. — The Spanish representatives were still in control at New Orleans and in possession of 
the entire territory when the treaty was ratified, and the Spanish representatives at Washington insisted that 
France had not carried out her agreement for the cession by Spain to France, and therefore the cession to the 
United States was void. Nevertheless the French charge at Washington directed the representative at New 
Orleans to transfer that city and territory to the representatives of the United States. The message reached 
New Orleans November 23, 1803, and after some consultation the Spanish governor handed the kej^s of the city 
to the French representative, who on December 20 surrendered them to the representatives of the United States 
Government, who assumed control of the city and territory. 

Population of Louisiana Territory at date of purchase. — The population of the Louisiana Territory at the date 
of its cession to the United States was probably not far from 100,000. A volume written by M. Wante in Paris 
in 1803 states the population of the Territory at that date to be 50,100 wliites, 39,820 blacks, and 10,340 nuilattoes; 
total 100,260. The bishop of the province estimated the population of his jurisdiction at that date at 144,000, 
but his jurisdiction included Pensacola and Mobile. The census of 1810 shows the population of 97,401 for the 
entire area, of which 76,556 were accredited to Orleans Territory occupying the extreme southern portiou of 
the purchase, and 20,845 to the remaining section of the Louisiana purchase. 

Territory east of the mouth of the Mississippi added to Louisiana. — After the cession of 1803 questions arose 
between Spain and the United States as to whether the cession included any territoiy east of the Mississippi other 
than New Orleans. The claim of the United States was that the original Louisiana Territory extended a considerable 
distance east of the Mississippi; and although this was not admitted by Spain, Congress in 1S04 passed an act for 
collecting duties in the disputed territory and placed it under the jurisdiction of Louisiana Territor}-. In 
September, 1810, the inhabitants of this section (i. e., of West Florida) declared themselves independent of Spain 
and notified the President of the United States of that fact, asking recognition as a jiart of the United States, 
and on October 27 of that year President Monroe by proclamation extended the claim of the United States over 
the territory in question and authorized the governor of New Orleans Territory to take possession. In 1812 an 
act w/is passed enlarging the limits of Louisiana and including the area in controversy. 



4304 



TEREITORIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



[May, 



m 



'II 




No. 7. — 1803. Louisiana Puechase Added to the Tekeitoky of the United States, more than Douclixg its Land Area. 




L 



No. 8.- 1804. 



OF (.k;,ea.ns Foi;mki) fuom .SniiiiEKX Part of tiik Louisiana Purchase and the Remainder Designateb 
AS "Louisiana Uistkict." 



1904.] TEREITOEIAL AST) COMMBECIAL EXPA2TSION OP UNITED STATES. 4305 

TRANSFORMATION OF THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE INTO STATES AND TERRITORIES. 

1803. — French cession of Province of Louisiana, comprising entire Louisiana purchase. 

1804. — The Teri'itory of Orleans established with boundaries practically identical with those of the present 
State of Louisiana. The remainder of the Louisiana purchase was designated as the District of Louisiana. 

1812. — The Territory of Orleans admitted to the Union as a State under the name of Louisiana and name 
of the territory known as Louisiana District changed to the Missouri Territory. 

1819. — Territory of Arkansaw formed, including present State of Arkansas and a large part of present 
Indian Territory and Oklahoma. In 1824 an act was passed fixing western boundary, and excluding from limits 
of Arkansaw Teri'itor}^ pi-actically all of that territoiy now known as Oklahoma and a part of that now known as 
Indian Territory. In 1828 the western boundary line was again changed and made practicall}' identical with present 
western boundary of Arkansas, and the territory thus defined was admitted as State of Arkansas June 15, 1836. 

1821. — State of Missouri formed, the boundaries nearly identical with those now existing (except as to the 
northwest corner), the remaining undivided area of the Louisiana purchase retaining the title of Missouri Terri- 
tory until 1834, when it was given the title of The Indian Country. 

1838. — Territory of Iowa formed, including present State of Iowa, and extending thence northward to the 
Canadian line and including all territory between Mississippi and Missouri rivers, comprising most of present 
State of Minnesota and eastern portion of the present States of North and South Dakota. In 1815 an enabling 
act was passed for the admission of Iowa as a State, its northern boundary being somewhat farther north than 
at present and its western boundary an arbitrary line running due north and south, excluding all that portion 
fronting upon Missouri River and including in the then limits of Iowa about two-thirds of the eastern portion 
of the State as at present defined. This, however, was not accepted, and in 1846 another enabling act was passed 
by which the western boundary was extended to the Missouri River and the present northern boundary established. 

1849. — Territory of Minnesota organized, comprising the area of the present State of Minnesota and that 
part of North and South Dakota lying east of the Missouri River; admitted as a State in 1858; western portion 
of the territory not included in the State was in 1861 combined with a part of Nebraska and organized as 
Territory of Dakota. Minnesota also includes about 52,819 square miles of the area of original thirteen States. 

1854. — Territory of Kansas organized, with practically its present boundaries, except that its western limit 
extended to the summit of the Rocky Mountains and included a part of the present State of Colorado. In 1861 
Kansas was admitted as a State, and the western boundary line changed to its present location. 

1854. — Territory of Nebraska formed, with its southern line identical with the southern line of the present 
State of Nebraska, but extending westward to the Rocky Mountains, the Territory thus including all that area 
between the southern line above described and Canada on the north, the Missouri River on the east, and the 
Rocky Mountains on the west. The northern portion of this area was designated in 1861 as the Territory of 
Dakota, and in the same year the formation of the Territory of Colorado removed a section from the south- 
western portion of the area then designated as Nebraska, while in the formation of the Territory of Idaho in 
1863 the western boundary of Nebraska was fixed at about its present location. Admitted as a State Maixh 1, 1S67. 

1861. — Territory of Dakota organized from jjarts of Nebraska and Minnesota Territories. Its eastern 
boundary was practically identical with that now separating the State of Minnesota from North and South 
Dakota, and its southern boundary identical with that separating Nebraska from South Dakota, and extending 
westward to the summit of the Rocky Mountains, and thence northward to the Canadian line. In 1863 the 
western portion of Dakota was transferred to the Territory of Idaho, and in 1889 the boundary between North 
and South Dakota was named, and the two sections severally admitted as States. 

1861. — Territory of Colorado organized, with boundaries identical with those of the present State of Colo- 
rado, being made up from portions of Idaho, Utah, New Mexico, Kansas, and Nebraska, the northeastern section 
being taken from the Louisiana purchase, the central and southeastern portion from the Texas annexation, and 
all of the remainder from the Mexican cession. 

1863. — Territory of Idaho formed from parts of Nebraska, Dakota, and Washington Territories, and 
included, besides the present State of Idaho, all of the territory now known as Montana and AYj-oming. Its 
boundaries were, therefore, Dakota and Nebraska on the east, Colorado, Utah, and Nevada on the south, Oregon 
and Washington on the west, and Canada on the north, the portion east of the Rockj' Mountains being taken 
from the Louisiana purchase, and that west of the Rocky Mountains from the Territor3' of Oregon. 

1864. — Montana Territory was formed from the northeastern portion of Idaho Territory. 

1868. — Wyoming Ten-itory formed from the southeastern part of the Idaho Territor3-; in 1890 Idaho and 
Wyoming admitted as States. Wyoming is the only State which contains within its boundaries territory originally 
included in four different additions to the territory of the United States, viz, parts of the Louisiana purchase, 
the Texas Territory ceded to the United States, the Mexican cession, and the Oregon Territory. 
No. 11 3 



4306 



TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. 



[M. f, 




No. 9. — 1805. MiciiiGAN Territoky Formed from Northeasters Part of Indiana Territory. 





No. 10. — 1809. Indiana Territory Divided and Western Portion Called Illinois Territory. 



1904.] TEEETTORIAL AND COMMEECrAL EXPAIS^SIOE^ OP U&TITED STATES. 4307 

STATISTICAL STATEMENT OF DEVELOPMENT. 

Area, population, and production. — The land area of the Louisiana purchase exceeds that of the original thirteen 
States, being 8T5,Ul'5 .sijuare miles, against a land area of 820,944: square miles in the original thirteen States. 
The States and Territories which have been created in whole or in part from its area number fourteen, and their 
population in 1900 was 14,708, 61<>, against a population of less than 100,000 in the territory at the time of its 
purchase. Their total area is nearly one-third that of the entire Union, and their population about one-fifth that 
of the entire United States. They produced in 1890, 164,000,000 bushels of wheat, and in 1903, 374,000,000 
bushels, at a value in 1903 of $235,000,000, their total wheat production being nearly 60 per cent of that of the 
entire United States. They produced 603,000,000 bushels of corn in 1890 and 973,894,000 bushels in 1903, with 
a value in 1903 of ^352,375,000, their total corn crop forming 40 per cent in 1890 and in 1903 over 43 per cent 
of tlie total corn crop of the United States. Of oats they produced in 1903, 331,000,000 bushels, or 42 per cent 
of the total product of the country, with a valuation of 199,000,000. Their production of barley in 1903 was 
valued at over $25,000,000, and of rye at over $3,000,000; while their production of Irish potatoes in 1903 was 
over $34,000,000; of hay, $117,000,000, and of cotton (1899), $50,000,000. The total value of the agricultural 
products of the States formed from the Louisiana purchase, including in that category simply wheat, corn, oats, 
barley, rye, hay, and potatoes, was in 1890 given as $626,000,000, and in 1903 it had increased to $866,399,000. 
The wool product of these States amounted in 1894 to 61,871,357 pounds, and in 1903 to 89,853,500 pounds, or 30 
per cent of the total wool product of the United States, with an estimated value of about $16,000,000, or more 
than the cost of the entire area. The value of the farm animals in these States in 1890 was $759,596,000, and on 
January 1, 1904, the value was $1,119,512,000. Add to these easily measured farm products the estimated value 
of the wool, the sugar, the dairy and poultry products, and the proportion of the live st&ck annually turned into 
provisions, and it may be safelj'^ estimated that the agricultural products of a single year amount to one hundred 
times the original cost of the area; or, in other words, that its cost is repaid by 1 per cent of the agricultural 
productions of each recurring year. 

Mineral wealth. — The product of the mines is also of very great value. The coal produced in this area in 
1902 amounted to 30,000,000 tons, against 14,000,000 tons in 1890; the iron ore to 15,859,000 tons in 1902, against 
1,269,000 tons in 1890; the silver product of 1902 to $37,837,576 in coining value, against $44,799,998 in 1890, 
and gold $39,841,500 in 1902, against $10,650,000 in 1890. 

Banking statistics. — The prosperity shown by these figures is further evidenced by the banking institutions 
of the States formed from tliis territory. Their capital stock amounted in 1903 to over $103,000,000, against 
about $98,000,000 in 1890; their circulation to $56,453,000, against $15,644,000 in 1890; their loans and discounts 
in 1903 to $502,412,000, against $269,016,000 in 1890, and their totil resources in 1903 to $1,713,800,000, against 
$746,903,000 in 1890, while a still more gratifying evidence of the prosperity of this section is the fact that 
individual deposits in national banks in 1903 amounted to $471,220,000, against $216,609,000 in 1890, an increase 
of more than $254,000,000 in individual deposits during the period. 

Educational conditions. — A study of educational conditions shows equally rapid and gratifying development. 
The pupils enrolled in the public schools in the States in question in 1890 numbered 2,580,495, and in 1902, 
3,426,593; the teachers employed numbered, in 1890, 89,558, and in 1902, 110,263, and the expenditure for 
public schools in 1890 was $30,284,752, and in 1902, $45,301,677. The number of pupils in attendance at high 
schools in 1902 was 131,271, with 5,964 teachers; in attendance at normal schools, 14.033 students, with 580 
teachers, and at higher educational institutions, 45,802 students and 4,446 teachers. The total figures of the 
number of teachers and attendance of scholars for schools and educational institutions in the fourteen States 
formed from the Louisiana purchase show: Teachers, in 1890, 95,365; in 1902, 121,253; attendance, in 1890, 
2,670,541; in 1902, 3,617,699. 

Newspapers, post-offices, and railways. — The number of newspapers and periodicals published in this area in 
1890 was 4,759, and in 1903 the number was 5,741; the number of post-offices in 1890 was 13,474, and in 1903 it 
was 16,437; the miles of railway in operation in 1890 numbered 51,823, and in 1902 there were 62,403 miles 
being operated, or nearly 31 per cent of the total railway mileage of the country. 

Future possibilities considered. — The power of this vast area with its agricultural and mineral wealth to 
sustain a population much greater than that which it now supports is suggested by a comparison of its area with 
the area and population of the prosperous countries of Europe. The total area is 875,025 square miles and is 
slightly less than that of the United Kingdom, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, and 
Switzerland, whose total area is 885,978 square miles, with a present population of 202,363,573, as against a 
population at the last census of 14,708,616 in the territory under consideration, whose agricultural and mineral 
possibilities full}"- equal those of the European States named. 



# 



4308 



TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. 



[Mat, 




No. 11. — 1810-1812. United States Takes Control of Territory East of Lower Mississippi Eiver Adjacent to New Orleans 
(ISIO). — Orleans Territory Admitted as a State (1812), and Name op Louisiana Territory Changed to Territory op 
Missouri. 




No. 12. — 1817. Territory' op Alabama Formed from Eastern Portion op Mississippi Territory and Wicsteun Portion op 

Territory' Adjiitted as State op Mississippi. 



1904.1 TEKKITORIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXTANSION OP UNITED STATES. 4309 

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE STATE OF TEXAS, 

The French and Spanish contended for the territory now known as Texas in the early period of its history. 
The little city of Ysleta, located on the Rio Grande near El Paso, claims to be the site of a mission built by Coronado 
in loiO, twenty-five years earlier than the founding of St. Augustine. Aside from this, the first recorded attempt 
to establish a settlement within the present limits of the State was that of La Salle, who, in 1685, conducted a 
colony of French emigrants from France with the purpose of establishing a settlement at the mouth of the 
Mississippi, but sailing past it unawares landed in Matagorda Bay and erected Fort St. Louis on the Lavaca. In 
1089 a Spanish ofHcer, Captain De Leon, was sent to drive the French out of the country, but on arrival 
found the garrison already scattered, and in the following year established the mission of San Francisco on the site 
of Fort St. Louis. A Spanish governor was appointed in 1691, but the settlement was soon abandoned. 

In 1711: the French again attempted to settle the country through an expedition sent from Louisiana by 
Crozat, to whom all of Louisiana had been granted in 1712. His expedition was, however, captured by the 
Spanish, and for twenty years following the Spaniards held control, giving to the country the name of "The New 
Philippines," the Philippines of the Orient having been then for more than a century under their control. 

In 1735 a French settlement was established beyond the Red River, and the Spaniards finally conceded the 
French a right to that region. 

In 1762 the cession of Louisiana by France to Spain terminated the contest between the French and Spanish for 
control of this territory, which, however, was renewed between the Americans and the Spanish on the cession of 
the Louisiana territory to the United States. Spain claimed not only all of the present State of Texas, but 
territory east of the Sabine River, while the United States claimed title as far as the Rio Grande. 

From 1806 to 1819 the question was undetermined, and this period was marked by numerous invasions or 
att<>mpted invasions by parties of Americans, beginning with the projected movement of Aaron Burr and 
including the engagement of San Antonio in 1S1.3, in which all but 100 of a force of 2,500 Americans and Mexicans 
were slain, and nearly 700 of the peaceable inhabitants of San Antonio murdered. 

In 1819 the boundary between Texas and the United States was fixed at the Sabine River. 

In 1820 Moses Austin, who was then residing in Missouri, received a grant of land in Texas from the Spanish 
authorities of Mexico, and his son, Stephen F. Austin, conducted a colony to a point near the present city of 
Austin, and this was soon followed by other colonies. 

ESTABLISHMENT OF REPUBLIC OF TEXAS. 

In 1824 Texas and the province of Coahuila were established as a Mexican State, and a Mexican commandant 
placed in charge. His treatment of American citizens created great dissatisfaction, and in 1833 the American 
settlers, who at that time numbered fully 20,000, held a convention, prepared a State constitution, and sent Col. 
S. F. Austin to the city of Mexico to request that Texas be established as a separate State of the Mexican Republic. 
He was detained until 1835 and Mexican troops sent to occupy the territory. Several engagements occurred 
during 1835 in which the Texaus-were successful, and in November, 1835, a provisional government was formed, 
Henry Smith elected governor, Sam Houston commander in chief, and S. F. Austin a commissioner to the United 
States. On. December 22 a declaration of independence was issued. Santa Anna, then President of the Mexican 
Republic, entered the State at the head of 7,500 men, suppressed the revolt, and during this period occurred the 
storming of the Alamo, a fort near San Antonio, and the slaughter of its garrison numbering 172 men, who on its 
capture after eleven days' siege by 4,000 Mexicans, were all slaughtered except 3 persons— a woman, a child, and 
a servant— the Mexican loss during the siege being 1,600. General Houston, in command of the Texan troops, 
finally succeeded in defeating the Mexican forces and captured Santa Anna, ending the war; and in September, 
1836, Houston was elected president, and on October 22 inaugurated. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF INDEPENDENCE BY UNITED STATES. 

In March, 1837, the United States acknowledged the independence of Texas, and similar action was taken by 
France in 1839, and by England, Belgium, and Netherlands in 1810. In August, 1837, according to A. Johnston 
(p. 97, Vol. I, of Lalor's Cyclopedia of Political Economy and United States History), the minister of the Republic 
of Texas made application to the Executive for membership in the United States, but the proposition to that 
effect introduced in the Senate by Preston, of South Carolina, was tabled by a vote of 21 to 14. 

In 1843 President Tyler, according to the American Cyclopedia (vol. 15, pp. 405, 678), made propositions to 
the President of Texas for its annexation to the United States, and a treaty to that effect was framed on April 12, 
1844, and submitted to the Senate, but rejected June 8. 



4310 



TEEraTOEIAL AND CO^NmEECIAL EXPANSIOIJr OF UNITED STATES. 



[May, 




No. 13. — 1818. Territory OF Illinois Divided AND State OF Illinois Formed. — Remainder of Illinois Tekritoey Attached to 

Michigan Territory. 




No. 14. — 1819-1820. Florida Purchased from Spain (1819). — Arkansas Territory Formed from Southern Part of Territory 
of Missouri (1819). — Maine, Formerly a District of Massachusetts, Admitted as a State (1820). 



in04.] TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMEKCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 4311 

ANNEXATION TO UNITED STATES. 

In January, ISio, the United States House of Representatives, by a vote of 120 to 98, passed a resolution 
providing for the annexation of Texas, and after long discussion it passed the Senate by a vote of 27 to 25, and 
on IMarch 1 was approved by President Tyler, three days before the close of his term, and a representative sent 
to Texas to submit the proposition. A convention, called by the president of Texas, approved the proposition 
for annexation (July i, 18i.5) and prepared a State constitution, which was approved by popular vote, and on 
December 29, ISiS, a joint resolution of Congress declared Texas admitted into the Union as a State. 

The boundaries of Texas as admitted differ materially from those forming the present limits of the State, 

having included the eastern half of the present Territory of New Mexico, the central portion of the present 

State of Colorado, and a small section in the present States of Wyoming and Kansas. In 1850 Texas ceded to 

, the United States that portion of its territory outside its present State lines and was paid $10,000,000 in bonds, 

( which sum was applied to the payment of the State debt. 

Provision for the division of Texas into five States was made by the joint resolution of Congress by which 
Texas was admitted. It provided that " new States of convenient size, not exceeding four in number in addition 
to the said State of Texas, and having sufficient population, may hereafter, by consent of said State, be formed out 
of the territorj^ thereof, which shall be entitled to admission under the provisions of the Federal Constitution." 
Of this Alexander Johnson, the historian, says: "It is now practically impossible to obtain any such consent 
from the State, and its size must I'emain undiminished until the development of separate interests within it shall 
produce a division naturally." Apropos to this suggestion, it may be said that the present area of Texas is 
about 50 per cent greater than that of Ohio, Illinois, Kentucky, and Tennessee combined, and is nearly equal to 
the combined area of Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. It could retain its present distinction 
of being the largest State of the Union and yet spare sufficient territory to make four States equal in size to the 
group known as the Middle States — New York, New Jersey, Pennsjdvania, and Delaware — whose combined 
population is 15,638,531. The present area of the State exceeds that of England and Germany, whose combined 
population is now over 85,000,000. 

RECENT GROWTH. 

The recent development of the State of Texas is suggested by the fact that its population increased from 
2,235,523 in 1890 to 3,018,710 in 1900; its corn production from 63,802,000 bushels in 1890 to 110,750,733 
bushels in 1903; its oats from 11,059,000 bushels in 1890 to 32,175,613 bushels in 1903. The value of its cotton 
crop increased from 167,761,000 in 1888 to 192,187,000 in 1899, and the value of its farm products, including 
wheat, corn, oats, barley, rye, hay, and potatoes, increased from $61,222,107 in 1890 to $105,318,130 in 1903, 
while the value of its cattle increased from $75,227,000 in 1890 to $98,088,136 on January 1, 1901. 

The number of national banks in the State increased from 189 in 1890 to 369 in 1903; their circulation from 
$3,821,000 in 1890 to $10,617,000 in 1903; their loans and discounts from $18,811,000 to $87,967,000; their total 
resources from $83,099,000 to $152,200,000, and their individual deposits from $30,150,000 in 1890 to $71,382,000 
In 1903. 

The number of pupils enrolled in the public schools in 1890 was 166,872, and by 1902 had increased to 712,629. 
The number of teachers in the public schools in 1890 was 10,880, and in 1902 was 16,170. The total expenditure 
for public schools in 1890 was $3,178,300, and in 1902, $5,216,672; and the attendance at schools of all classes, 
including public schools, high and normal schools, and higher educational institutions, was in 1890, 176,992, and 
in 1902, 738,239. 

The number of post-ofiices during the period from 1890 to 1903 increased from 2,218 to 3,313; the number 
of newspapers and periodicals from 512 to 770, and the miles of railway in operation from 8,710 in 1890 to 
10,871 in 1902. 



HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE MEXICAN CESSION. 

The first historical account of the visit of the white man to the great area north of the Rio Grande formerly 
known as New Mexico is that of the wanderings of Cabeza de Vaca, who accompanied De Narvaez to Florida in 
1528, and af teiythe movement of De Narvaez and party westward along the Gulf coast and the subsequent death 
of De Narvaez and some of his party, made his way with the few remaining followers across the continent, 
roacliing San Miguel in Sonora in May, 1536. His accounts of the trip led to the exploration of the country in 
question, subsequently called, respectively. New Mexico and California. In 1539 Marcos de Niza visited the 



4312 TEREITOEIAL AIsTD COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. IMat, 



III' 




~c^ 




No, 15. — 1821. State of Missouri For.med, but Name of MiasouKi Teuritoky Retained for the Undivided Portion op the 

Louisiana Purchase. 




No. 16. — 1824-1838. Reduction of Area op Arkansas Territory in 1S24 and in 1828. 



1904.] TEEKITOEIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. 4313 

countiy, and in the following year Coronado crossed the country north of the Gila eastward beyond the Rio 
Grande among the Pueblo Indians, who then occupied the country, and they were followed by others. Toward 
the close of the century Juan de Oiiatc was sent by the viceroy of Mexico to take formal possession of the country 
in the name of Spain and establish colonies, missions, and forts. This date is variously stated at from 1595 to 
1599. Missions were established, mines opened and worked, and the enterprise flourished until the Indians 
rebelled against enslavement, and in 1680 drove the Spaniards out. In 1698 the Spaniards regained possession 
of the country, and it remained a province or State of Mexico until 1846. 

The annexation of Texas in 1815 was quickly followed by war with Mexico, the direct cause being a 
disagreement as to whether the Nueces River or the Rio Grande formed the true boundary between Texas and 
Mexico, the Mexican Government claiming all territory south of the Nueces, and the United States claiming the 
territory between the Nueces and the Rio Grande. War with Mexico was declared in May, 1816. Immediately 
following this declaration Gen. Stephen Kearny, who had command of the Army of the West, was ordered to 
take possession of the area known as New Mexico, and in June set out from Fort Leavenworth with 1,600 men, 
crossed the country and took possession of Santa Fe, the capital of New Mexico, Augixst 18, 1816. He then 
took formal possession of the State and appointed Charles Bent provisional governor and moved westward, his 
original instructions having been to conquer California as well as New Mexico. 

CALIFORNIA. 

The earliest recorded visit of the white man to California is that of an expedition sent from Mexico in 1534 
by Cortez, then governor of that country, to explore the country northward. A romance published in Spain 
many years earlier had described the doings of a queen of amazons who ruled an island rich in gold, diamonds, 
and pearls "on the right hand of the Indies, known as California," and Cortez and his lieutenant, Grijalva, 
believing that they were in the neighborhood of the coast of Asia, called the country thus discovered " California." 

The first settlements made in the country thus named were those of the Jesuit missionaries, who were located 
in Lower California in 1683. Sir Francis Drake had in 1578 passed up the western coast of America and touching 
temporarily at a bay on the western coast, believed by some to have been the Bay of San Francisco, called the 
country New Albion, or New England, remaining, however, but a very short time. Explorations northward 
from the settlements in Old, or Lower, California were made only in the following century, and the first mission 
planted in Upper, or " Alta," California, as it was termed in the Spanish language, was established at the present 
site of San Diego in 1769. The Bay of San Francisco was not reached until 1770, and a mission was established 
there in 1776. Eighteen missions had been established by the close of the century, with over 15,000 converts 
among the Indians. 

The Spanish power in Mexico was overthrown by the revolution of 1822, and California passed under 
control of the new governor of Mexico, which deprived the missions of their control of the Indians, secularizing 
the government of the section then known as California. Ten years later immigrants began to arrive from the 
United States, and when the war with Mexico began in 1846 many thousands of citizens of the United States 
were residents of California, which, however, was still a part of Mexico. 

Capt. John C. Fremont had been sent in 1845 by the Government to explore the maritime region of Oregon 
and California, and in May, 1846, received instructions to watch the movements of the Mexicans in California, 
who, it was believed, were disposed to hand the province over to the British Government. He hurried to 
California, and finding the Mexican general marching against the American settlements, engaged his forces 
successfully, and on July 5, 1846, the Americans in California declared themselves independent and elected 
Fremont governor of the province. Meantime Commodore Stockton had arrived with authority to conquer 
California, and he and Fremont jointly took possession of Los Angeles. 

General Kearny, whose instructions on leaving Fort Leavenworth for New Mexico had been to "capture 
New Mexico and California," arrived in California in December, 1846, with a small part of his command, and 
refusing to .sanction the election of Fremont as governor, in February, 1847, assumed that office himself and 
declared the annexation of California to the United States. 

The war between the United States and Mexico was terminated by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed 
February 2, 1848, and ratified by the Senate March 10, 1848. It transferred to the United States both New 
Mexico and California, the price being, according to Johnston, tlie historian, "§15,000,000, besides the 
assumption by the United States of $3,250,000 in claims of American citizens against Mexico." 

The territory included that part of New Mexico east of the Rio Grande, whioltwas also claimed by Texas, 

and the disputed claim of Texas was afterwards, in 1850, settled by the payment of $10,UOO,0(»0 by the United 

States to the State of Texas in full satisfaction of her claim. During the next five years disputes arose as to 

whether the Gila River constituted the boundary line of that section now known as Arizona and New Mexico, 

No. 11 4 



4314 



TEREITOEIAL AND COINOIERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



[May, 





No. 17. — 1834. Portion of Missouri Territory Lyin'g North of the State of IMissorRi, Extexding North to the Canada 
Line and West to the Missouri and White Earth Eivees, Attached to the Territory of Michigan. — Remainder op the 
Missouri Territory Designated as "The Indian Country." 





j MO. \ ,'.,0'' , > 

i 1 / -"^i^''.. ---.---■ 

! ARK /''T"'T'" S &C, 



\ 



V/^-N 





No. 18.— 1836-1837. Territory of Wisconsin Formed from Western Part of the Territory of Michigan in 1836, and 
Remainder Admitted as the State of Michigan in 1837. — Bound-^ry Line of Missouri Extended to the Missouri River at 
the Northwest Corner op the State (1836). 



19C4.] TEEEITOEIAL AED COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. 4315 

and iu the latter part of 1853, by the Gadsden purchase, the United States obtained from Mexico, on the payment 
of ^10,000,000, the disputed territory as well as the right of free transit of troops, munitions, mails, and 
mercliandisc over the Isthmus of Tehuantcpcc. 

The area added to the United States by the original Mexican cession, according to Johnson, was 523,802 
square miles, and by the Gadsden purchase, 36,211 square miles. Commissioner Hermann, in his "Louisiana 
Purchase,"' page 69, gives the area of the Mexican cession as 522,568 square miles, and the Gadsden purchase, 
45,535 square miles. 



HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE OREGON TERRITORY. 

The Oregon Territory had been long in dispute between the United States and Great Britain. Ferrelo, a 
Spaniard, had made exploring voyages along the coast in 1543. Sir Francis Drake moved northward along the 
Oregon Coast in 1578, after his landing on the coast of California, described in the brief history of California 
above given; and several Spanish explorers visited the country between 1592 and 1775. In 1793, Capt. Robert 
Grey, a trader from Boston, entered the mouth of the Columbia and thus laid the foundation of the American 
title to Oregon. In 1805 the Lewis and Clarke exploring expedition dispatched by President Jeilerson after the 
purchase of Louisiana, crossed the Rocky Mountains and following down the Columbia River, reached the Pacific 
coast at the mouth of the Columbia in November of that year, returning eastward in the spring of ISOO. 

In 1811 John Jacob Astor and others established a fur-trading post at the mouth of the Columbia, calling it 
Astoria, and in 1833 emigration to that region overland began, and by 1850 thousands of settlers from the ignited 
States had reached Oregon. The British Government, however, made claim to the section, and in 1813 captured 
Astoria, the settlement founded by Astor's Pacific Fur Company, but in 1818 a treaty of joint occupation was 
made with the United States and Astoria restored to United States jurisdiction. From 1818 to 1846 the country 
was jointly occupied by the United States and Great Britain. In that year a treaty was made by which the 
forty-ninth parallel and the Straits of Fuca were made the northern boundary of the United States possessions 
in the Oregon Territory, and the treaty was ratified June 15, 1846. An organic law had meantime been framed 
and accepted by the American settlers, and this formed the basis for a provisional government until Congress, in 
1848, created the Territory of Oregon, which comprised all of the United States territory west of the summit of 
the Rocky Mountains and north of the forty-second parallel, and on March 3, 1849, the territorial government 
went into effect, with Joseph Lane as governor. 

TRANSFORMATION OF THE MEXICAN CESSION AND OREGON TERRITORY INTO STATES. 

The discovery, exploration, settlement, and transfer to the United States of each of the above-outlined 
sections — New Mexico, California, and Oregon — are given consecutively, since their definite addition to the 
territory of the United States and their formation into Territories and States are pi'acticallj' simultaneous. 

The population of New Mexico, California, and Oregon Territories, by the census of 1850, the first taken 
after their acquisition, was as follows: New Mexico, 61,547; California, 92,597; Oregon, 13,294; total, 167,438. 

New Mexico was governed by the military until 1850, when a territorial government was organized b}' act 
of Congress. 

The discovery of gold in California, in 1848, attracted a large population, and the necessity for a substantial 
government becoming quicklj' apparent, a convention of delegates was called b_y the niilitaiy governor of the 
Territory, General Riley, to meet at Monterey, September 1, 1849. The constitution which it prepared was 
adopted on submission to the xwople, and California admitted as a State September 9, 1850, after a prolonged 
discussion in Congress over the slavery question, which delayed final action, but it was not until several j-ears 
later that control by vigilance committees of the heterogeneous population, drawn thither bv the gold discoveries, 
terminated. 

The process by which the Mexican cession and Oregon Territoiy were transformed into their present 
political divisions was as follows: 

1846. — Control of Oregon Territory by the United States settled bj' treaty with Great Britain. 

1848. — jSIexican session of New Mexico and California. 

1850, September 9. — State of California admitted and Utah Territory formed from northern portion of 
Mexican cession lying east of the northern part of California. 

1850, December 3. — Territory of New Mexico formed from that part of Mexican cession not included in 
California and Utah; also including part of territory claimed by Texas, for which Texas was paid $10,000,000. 

1853. — Gadsden purchase, §^10,000,000; made part of the Territory of New Mexico. Washington Territory 
formed from the northern part of Oregon Territory. 



4316 TEEKITOEIiiL AND COMMEECIAL EXPAN^SION OF UXITED STATES. 



[May, 




No. 19. — 1838. Territory of Ioava Formed from that Part of Wisconsin Territory Lying Between the SIississiffi and 

Missouri Rivers. 




No. 20. — 1845. Te.xas Annexed and Admiited as a State. 



1004.] TEBKITOKIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. 4317 

1859. — Western part of Oregon Territory admitted as a State and eastern part temporarily attached to 
Wa.sbinoton Territory. 

1861. — Territory of Nevada organized from western part of Utali, and Territory of Colorado organized 
from eastern part of Utah, western part of Nebraska, and northern part of New Mexico and northwestern part 
of Kan'^as. 

1863. — Idaho Territory formed from the eastern part of Washington Territory and western part of Dakota 
Territory. Arizona Territory formed from western part of New Mexico. 

1868. — Montana formed from the northeastern part of Idaho. 

PRESENT CONDITIONS. 

The territory added by the Mexican cession had, as above indicated, a population of 165,521: at the census of 
1S50, the first enumeration after the purchase. In 1890 it was 1,675,009, and in 1900, 2,122,378. This does not 
include any part of the State of Colorado, of which about one-third falls within the ISIexican cession, but does 
include all of New Mexico, which is formed in part from territory which was claimed by Texas. The wheat 
production of the live States and Territories now representing the Mexican cession was, in 1890, 33,066,000 
bushels; in 1903, 26,388,929 bushels. The barley crop of 1903 was 32,015,863 bushels, valued at S.19,6il:,567, 
and the hay crop alone in 1903 was valued at $29,4:3-I,023, or twice as much as the sum paid to Mexico (exclusive 
of the agreement to settle the claims of American citizens, amounting to ^3,250,000) for the entire territory. 
The States and Territories in question produced in 1903 more than one-sixth of the wool grown in the United 
States, their total wool production being in 1903, 49,332,250 pounds, out of a total in the United States of 
287,450,000 pounds. The total value of the production of wheat, corn, oats, rye, barley, hay, and potatoes in 
these five States and Territories in 1903 was §84,887,194, or practically five times the sum paid for their purchase. 
The number of horses and mules in 1903 was 856,883, and their value, 142,657,965. The number of cattle on 
January 1, 1904, was 3,968,873, valued at $77,109,812, against $57,713,266 in 1890. The number of sheep in 
1904 was 10,491,452, against 10,583,146 in 1890, and their value in 1904, 823,731,710, against §19,039,162 in 
1890. The total value of farm animals in the five States and Territories formed from this purchase was, in 1904, 
$147,855,933, or more than eight times its original cost. The silver production in 1902 was §24,538,505 (coining 
value); and the gold production in 1902, §27,925,300, against §17,830,000 in 1890. 

The growth in educational facilities during the decade in the States and Territories in c(uestion is shown by 
the fact that the pupils enrolled in public schools numbered in 1890, 292,626, and in 1902, 419,247; the number 
of teachers in public schools increased during that period from 7,081 to 11,151, and the total expenditure for 
public schools from §6,010,242 to §9,840,290; and the total attendance at schools of all classes had increased 
from 312,945 to 463,802 and the number of teachers employed from 8,390 to 13,395. 

The numlier of post-offices increased from 2,182, in 1890, to 2,818, in 1903; the number of newspapers and 
periodicals published from 725, in 1890, to 900, in 1903, and the miles of railway in operation from 9,022 to 12,311. 
An additional evidence of the general prosperity of the citizens as a class is shown by the fact that the individual 
deposits in national banks increased from §25,517,000, in 1890, to §87,669,000, in 1903; the circulation of the 
national banks in these States and Territories from §1,834,000 to §11,650,000, their loans and discounts from 
§28,569,000 to §77,110,000, and the total resources of all banking institutions (national, State, private, and 
savings banks) in these States and Territories from §284,744,000 to §636,500,000. 

The population of the three States formed from the original Oregon Territory was in 1890, 747,524, and in 
1900, 1,093,411. Their production of wheat in 1890 was 22,300,000 bushels, valued at §10,851,802, and in 1903, 
37,553,159 bushels, valued at §27,214,465. The value of the hay crop was in 1894, §15,655,831, and in 1903, 
$24,129,350. The wool produced was in 1894, 31,297,223 pounds, and in 1903, 37,060,000 pounds. The value of 
cattle on farms and ranches was in 1890, §34,316,643, and on January 1, 1904, §32,389,838; of sheep, in 1890, 
§8,239,875, and on January 1, 1904, §16,380,144; and of all farm animals on January 1, 1904, §84,137,003. The 
gold produced in 1902 was valued at §3,563,900, and of silver, §8,490,795 (coining value). The number of pupils 
in public schools was in ]890, 133,529, and in 1902, 283,400, and the expenditure for public schools was, in 1890, 
§1,933,110, and in 1902, §5,297,318. The number of post-offices was, in 1890, 1,515, and in 1903, 2,316. Tho 
banking resources were, in 1890, §59,286,000, and in 1903, §118,400,000. 



4318 



TEEEITORIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. 



[May, 




No. 21. — 1846. State of Iowa Formed from Southern Part op Iowa Territory. — Claim of United States to Oregon Tekei- 
TOEY Settled b\^ Treaty with Great Britain, Terminating Joint Occupation by United States and Great Britain, Followed 
BY Immediate Withdrawal of Latter. 




No. 22. — 1848. New JIexico and California Ceded to United States by Mexico on Pay.ment of §15,000,000 and Assumption 

of ?3,250,000 Claims of American Citizens Against BIexico. 



1901.] 



TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPAt^SION OF UKITED STATES. 



4319 



TOTAL AREA OF THE ORIGINAL THIRTEEN STATES AS DEFINED BY THE PEACE TREATY OF 1783, 

AND ITS DISTRIBUTION INTO STATES. 

[Prepared by the General Land Oflice, Interior Department.] 



STATES AXD TERRITORIES. 



Alabama ^ 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

District of Columbia . 

Georgia 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Kentucky 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts 

Michigan 



Minnesota ^ 

Mississippi ^ 

New Hampshire. 

New Jersey 

New York 

North Carolina . . 

Ohio 

Pennsylvania . . . 

Rhode Island 

South Carolina .. 

Tennessee 

Vermont 

Virginia 

West Virginia . . . 

Wisconsin 



Total . 



Land 
surface. 



Square miles. 

48, 87S 

4,79-1 

1,9G9 

59 

58, S.jO 

56, 001 

35,800 

39, 898 

29, 894 

9,875 

8,038 

57, 530 

20, 191 

43, 809 

9,050 

7,454 

47, C.S7 

48, 972 
40, 723 
41,C79 

1,081 
30, 160 
41,CSG 

9,114 
39, 925 
24,343 

55,117 



Water 
surface. 



Square miles. 

318 

818 

411 

10 

586 

2,350 

727 

434 

3,145 

2 422 

oOS 

40, 4C0 

4, 855 

471 

719 

C,032 

3,702 

3,711 

1,249 

ICG 

588 

370 

449 

2,405 

161 

10, 088 



Total. 



88, 100 



Square miles. 

49, 194 

5,012 

2,380 

69 

59, 436 

58,354 

30, 687 

40, 332 

33, 039 

12,297 

8,540 

97, 990 

31,046 
43,280 

9,377 

8,173 
53, 719 
62,074 
44, 404 
43, 928 

1,247 
31,048 
42,050 

9, 503 
42, 330 
24, 604 

05, 805 



909, 050 



Remarks. 



1,074 square miles of Lake Michigan included. 
230 square miles o£ Lake Michigan included. 



10,053 square miles of Lake Superior; 12,922 of Lake Mich- 
igan, and 9,925 of Lake Huron included. 
2,514 square miles of Lake Superior included. 



3,140 square miles of Lake Ontario included. 

3,443 square miles of Lake Erie included. 
891 square miles of Lake Erie included. 



,378 square miles of Lake Superior, and 7,500 of Lake 
Michigan included. 



1 Includes only that portion of the State formed from territory witliin boundaries of original thirteen States. 



4320 TEEEITOEIAL A^^D COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. [May, 




No. 23. — 1849. Teriutoky of Minnesota Formed fr i.m ;Xortiiers Poktiox of Former Territory of Iowa. 




No. 24.— 1850. Texas Cedes 123,784 Square Miles of her Northern Territory to the United States for the Sum of 

$10,000,000. 



1904.] 



TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



4321 



STATISTICS OF STATES OF THE UNION ORGANIZED FROM ACUUIRED TERRITORY. 

[Continued on page 4323. ] 



STATES AND TERRITORIES. 


Date of act of 
organization 
as Territory. 


Population 
at census 

ne.xt 
following 
Territorial 
organiza- 
tion. 


Date of act of 

admission as 

State. 


Population 
at census 

next 
following 
admission 
as State. 


POPCLATIOy BY CENSCS. 


Land area, 

in square 

miles. 


Popula- 
tion per 
square 
mile. 


Capital. 




1890 


1900 


1900 




LOUISIANA PURCHASE: 

Arkansas 


Mar. 2,1819 
Feb. 28,1801 


14,265 
1 34,277 


June 15, 1836 
Mar. 3,1875 


97,674 
194,327 


1,128,179 

412, 198 

180, 182 

1,911,896 

1,427,096 

1, 118, 587 

1,301,820 

2,679,184 

132,159 

1,058,910 

182,719 

61,834 

328,808 

60, 705 


1,311,564 

539,700 

391,960 

2,231,853 

1,470,495 

1,. 381, 625 

1,751,394 

3,100,605 

243, 329 

1,068,539 

319,146 

398,246 

401,570 

92,531 


53,045 
103,645 
31,000 
55, 475 
81,700 
45, 420 
79,205 
08,735- 
145,310 
76,810 
70, 195 
38,830 
76,850 
97,575 


24.72 

5.21 
12.64 
40.23 
18.00 
30.42 
22.11 
46.19 

1.07 
13.90 

4.54 
10.26 

5.22 
.95 


Little Rock, 






Indian Territory 




Iowa 


June 12,1838 
May 30,1854 
Mar. 3, 1805 
Mar. 3,1849 
June 4,1812 
May 26,1804 
May 30,1854 
Mar. 2,1801 
May 2, 1890 
Mar. 2,1861 
July 25,1808 


43,112 
107,200 

76,550 

6,077 

2 20,845 

20,695 

28,841 

01, £31 
9,118 


Mar. 3,1845 
Jan. 29,1801 
Apr. 8, 1812 
May 11,1858 
Mar. 2,1821 
Feb. 22,1889 
Feb. 9,1807 
Feb. 22,1889 


192,214 
1 107,200 
! 76, 556 
172, 023 
' 60,557 
132, 159 
122,993 
182,719 


Des Moines. 




Topoka. 


Louisiana 


Minnesota 


St Paul 




Jefferson City. 


Montana 


Nebraska 




North Dakota 


Bismarck. 






Soutli Dakota 


Feb. 22,1889 
July 10,1890 


328,808 
60,705 












Total 


427, 5t3 




11,984,283 


14.708.016 


j 1,023,825 1 14.37 






Feb. 24,1803 










MEXICAN CESSION: 

Arizona 


9,658 

4 93,597 

01,547 

1 0,857 

11,380 




69,620 

1,208,130 

153,593 

45, 761 
207,905 


122,931 

1,485,053 

195,310 

42,335 

276,749 


112,920 
155,980 
122,460 
109,740 
82, 190 


1.09 

9. .62 

l.t9 

.38 


Phoenix 


California 


Sept. 9,1850 


92,597 






Sept. 9,1850 
Mar. 2,1861 
Sept. 9,1850 




Nevada 


Mar. 21,1804 
July 10,1894 


42,491 
« 207, 905 


Carson City. 
Salt Lake City. 


TJtali 






Total 






1,675,009 


2, 122, S78 


583,290 3.64 






Mar. 3,1803 
Aug. 14,1848 
Mar. 2,1853 




July 3,1890 
Feb. 14,18.59 
Feb. 22,1889 






OREGON; 

Idaho 


14,999 
13, 294 
11,594 


84, £83 
52,465 
349, 3 


84,385 
313, 767 

340 'Qfl 


161,772 
413,536 
518,103 


84,290 
94, 560 
66,880 


1.92 
4.37 
7.74 








Washington 


Olympia. 






Total 






747,542 


1,093,411 


215,730 1 4.45 








Dec. 29,1845 






TEXAS ' 


» 212,692 


212,592 


2,235,623 


3,048,710 


262,290 


11.62 


\ustin 






Grand total 






10,642,357 
63,069,756 


20,973,115 
76,304,799 


2,115,135 
2,970,038 


9.91 
25.69 




























19.00 
26.43 


19.27 
27.48 


34.47 

71.21 






Per cent grand total forms of U. S - . ' 





















1 Census of 1860. 
! Census of 1810. 

2 Population of Dakota Territory by census of 1860, 4,837. 



* Census of 1850. 
' Census of 1820. 

• Census of 1890. 



No. 11- 



4322 



TEEKITOEIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



[May, 




No. 25. — 1850. State of California and Terbitories of Utah and New Mexico Formed from Part of Mexican Cession and 

Area Purchased from Texas. 




No. 26. — 1853. " Gadsden Purch.^se " Ceded by Mexico for §10,000,000 and Added to New Mexico.— Washington Territory 

Formed from Northern Part of Oregon Territory'. 



1904.] 



TERRITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPAI^SION OF UNITED STATES. 



4323 



Statistics of States of the Ukion Okganized from Acquired Territory— Contiimccl. 

[Continued on page 4325.] 





WHEAT PRODUCTION. 


CORN PRODUCTION. 


OATS PRODUCTION. 


STATES AND TERRI- 
TORIES. 


Bushela. 


Value. 


Bushels. 


Value. 


Bushels. 


Value. 




1S90 


1903 


1S90 


1903 


1890 


1903 


1890 


1903 


1890 


1903 


1890 


1903 


LOUISIANA PURCHASE; 
ArkaiiNUs 


1, .575, 000 

1,777,000 

19,011,000 

28,195,000 


1, 922, .578 

7, 423, .581 

12,531,304 

87,249,557 


Dollars. 

1,543,619 

1,439,010 

15,233,123 

21,709,842 


Dollars. 
1,499,611 
4,899,563 
7, 769, 409 
51,477,239 


33,443,000 
767,000 

232,439,000 
55,269,000 
16,979,000 
21,286,000 

175,315,000 


48,212,663 

2,222,075 

229,218,220 

171,687,014 

27,937,905 

40, 726, 870 

202, 839, 584 

91,291 

172, 379, 532 

2,167,402 

34, 748, 199 

41,618,067 

45,784 


Dollars. 
21,737,9.52 
4,S3,097 
95, 300, 164 
2S, 187, 241 
11,885,093 
8, 940, 136 
77,151,802 


Dollars. 

24,588,458 

1,199,920 

87, 102, 924 

61,807,325 

16,203,985 

15,476,211 

08,965,459 

56,600 

48,266,269 

910, 309 

13,204,316 

14,566,323 

26, 555 


3,967,000 
2,498,000 
71,397,000 
31, 269, 000 
567,000 
38, 402, 000 
24, 579, 050 
2,797,000 
>2, 430, 000 
10, 000, 000 


4,225,511 
4, .593, 469 


Dollars. 
2, 102. 361 

1 948 990 


Dollars. 

1,8.59,225 

1,883,322 

24, 398, .844 

7,803,526 

235,050 

20,642,752 
5, .568, .571 
2,636,353 

16, 045, 198 
6,771,9.52 
2 762 238 


Iowa 

Kansas 


84,133,944 27,130,903 
26 Oil 753 11 8fi'> :^0-?. 




510,978 
68,809,174 
17, 401, 783 

7,532,437 
59,426,658 
21,845,006 

8,124,230 
27,267,194 

1,116,847 


345,849 

14,208,796 
9,585.707 
1,6.50,398 
8,747,761 
3,000,000 


Minnesota 


38,356,000 
17,638.000 
1,488,000 
15,315,000 
10,000,000 


70,6.52,597 
22, 194. 614 
2,784,327 
42, 157,. 560 
,55, 240, 580 
24,482,037 
47,252,994 
47.3.740 


31,068,187 
14,639,581 

1,190,680 
11,639.428 

7,000,000 


18, 750, 292 
1.5, 758, 176 
1,837,6.56 
22, 765, 082 
34,801,565 
15, 424, 061 


Missouri 


Nebraska 

Nortli Dakota 

Oklahoma 


55,310,000 
6,000,000 


26, .548, 992 
3,000,000 


South Dakota 

Wyoming 


30,411.000 


21,287,719 


29,296,856 
3.50,568 


6,030,000 


3,015,233 


14,846,000 


4,950,815 


7,907,4,86 
558 4*'J 


















Tutal 


163, 796, 000 


374,366,069 


126, 751, 189 


231,630,078 


602, 868, 000 


973, 894, 606 


276,249,710 


352,374,654 


222,752.000 |3.TO,S9S,984 


84, 8.53, ."82 


99,072,941 




MEXICAN CESSION: 
Arizona 


311,000 
29,121,000 
1,105,000 

259, 000 
2,279,000 


483,964 

20,926,192 

822. 701 

591, 358 

4,1.56,072 


280, 044 

22,131,778 

1,0.50,170 

214, 658 
1,777.927 


450,087 

18,205,787 

617, 026 

585,444 

3, 324, 858 




194. 925 

1,777,162 

956,688 




175,432 

1,315,100 

717,516 




64,468 

5,756,964 

345, 147 

177, 463 

1,653.288 




39,325 

3,108,761 

213,991 

120,675 

810,111 


California. 


4,396,000 
1, 126, 000 


2,857,694 
821, 819 


1,943,000 
392,000 


1,088,087 
223,394 




Nevada 


Utah 


739. 000 


238, 268 


502,299 




166,7.88 


1,059,000 


582, 177 




Total 


33. 065, 000 


26, 9S0, 287 


25, 4.54, .577 


23,183,202 


6,261,000 


3,167,043 4,181.812 


2,374,836 


3,394,000 


7,997,330 


1,893,658 


4, 292, 863 


OREGON: 


1,370,000 
12,865,000 
8, 071. 000 


5,127,987 
12,43S,8-.>7 
19.986,345 


1,068,931 
9,648,844 
6,134,027 


3,845,990 
9, 577, 896 
13,790,579 




175,640 
448,559 
229, 013 




100,115 
300, 535 
125,9.57 


1,093,000 
6,658,000 
3,497,000 


3,666,940 
9,720,077 
7,598,185 


634,056 
3,329,100 
1 643 652 


1,650,123 
4,277,093 
ftST 11 n 




173,000 


114,205 


Washington 










Total 


22.300,000 


37, .553, 159 


16,851,802 127,214,465 


173,000 


853, 212 


114,205 


526, 607 


11,248,000 |20,985,802 


5,606,808 8, .814, 531 


TEXAS 


3,575,000 


19,880,173 1 3,396,228 1.5,506,535 


63,802,000 


140,750,733 ]45,937,696 67,560,352 11,059,000 |32,47.5,613 j 6,082,692 | 14,289,270 




Grand total 


223 043 000 


4.58 779, 6S8 17"' 483 796 300 .^34 •i.sn 


673, 101, 000 1,118,6B5,.594 326,453,423 ,422,836,449 ,248,453,000 ,392,4.57,729 98.437,040 126,469,605 


Total U. S 


399, 204, 000 


637,821.835 !334,773,678 


443,024,826 






, , . , , -.^..^ ,...^v- ....i.x-./.,^.... 1 ,vi.,,^..r .... .^x,v^»^ 


Percent Louisiana Ter. 
forms of U. S 


41.02 
55.86 


58. C9 
71.92 


37.86 
51.51 


52.96 
67.84 


40.45 
45.10 


43.40 
49.85 


36.61 
43.27 


36.98 
44.37 


42.54 
47.45 


42.21 

50.05 


38.21 
44.33 


37.01 

47.25 


Per cent grand total 
forms of U. S 





4324 



TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMEKCIAL EXPANSIOl^ OF UNITED STATES. 



[May, 




No. 37. — 1854. Unorganized Portion op Louisiana Purchase (then known as the Indian Country), orGANizED as TERRiTORiEa 

OF Kansas, Nebraska, and Indian Territory. 




No. 28. — 1853-1859. St.\te op Minnesota Formed from Eastern Part op the Territory op Minnesota (1858). — Oregon 
Admitted as a State, and Eastern Part op Oregon Territory Attached to W.^shington Territory (1859). 



1904.] 



TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPAI^SION OF ITNITED STATES. 



4325 



Statistics of States of the Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 

[Continued on page 4327.] 



STATES .\ND TEEEI- 
TORIES. 



LOTIISIANA PITRCHASE 

Ark.Tnsas] 

Colorado 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Louisiana 

Minnesota 

5Iis.souri 

Montana 

Ncbraslia 

North Dakota 

Oklahoma 

South Daliota 

Wyoming 

Total 



MEXICAN CESSION: 

Arizona , 

California , 

New Mexico 

Nevada 

Utah 

Total 



OREGON: 

Idaho 

Oregon 

Wasiiington . 

Total 



TEXAS . 



Grand total. 
Total U.S... 



For cent Louisiana Tor. 

lormsof U. S 

Per cent grand total 

forms of U. S 



BARLEY PKODUCTION. 



Bushels. 



1S93 



306, 315 

11,599,066 

128, 361 



9,268,011 

32, OCO 

156, DOS 

920, 280 

2,811,853 



2, 387, 231 



27, 699, 785 



29S, 971 
17,116,110 
33, £2) 
280, 923 
236, 933 



17, 966, 326 



308, 910 

975, 096 

1,860,961 



3, 144, 907 



9,977 



48,851,055 
69,869,495 



1903 



Value. 



1893 



Dollars 



724,521 
11,294,923 
4, 387, 845 



27, 783, 170 

33, 306 

732,880 

1,704,262 

12,468,384 

410,548 

10, 050, 438 

25, 091 



70,221,374 



555, 107 
30, 878, 242 
20, 282 
247, 944 
314,288 



32, 015, 803 



1,440,706 
2, 048, 473 
0, 1.5S, 257 



9,647,430 



112,005,697 
131,861,391 



53.25 
84.94 



183, 158 

3, 827, 092 

60, 330 



1903 



Dollars. 



441,958 
4,066,172 
1,491,867 



3, 336, 484 

13, 064 

78,004 

235, 287 

880, 974 



787, 786 



10,279,773 

17, 985 

425,074 

602, 406 

4,488,618 

180, 641 

3, 510, 625 

18, 006 



9, 452, 779 



155, 465 
7, 188, 706 
19,331 
168,554 
106, 647 



7, 038, 763 



25,489,185 



399, 677 

18,835,728 

12, 980 

210, 752 

1;5,430 



19, 644, 507 



163,722 
390,038 
725, 775 



1,279,535 



24, 786 



18,395.863 
28,729,386 



32.9 
64.01 



749, 107 
1,208,599 
3,079,128 



5, 030, 894 



50, 255, 363 
60, 100, 313 



42.36 
83.53 



KYE PKODUCTION. 



Bushels. 



1893 1903 



17,385 

119, 343 

1,183,739 

1,245,377 



1,025,920 
238, E41 



991,048 
23, 407 



83, 655 



24, 066 

52,027 

1,095,931 

1,340,437 



1, 749, 169 

279, 347 

46,494 

2,228,491 

366, 407 

66, 463 

704, 778 

9, 504 



4,929,021 7,963,104 



504,000 837,421 



75,506 
35,062 



110,668 



49, 569 



5, 035, 927 
26,555,446 



18.56 
21.22 



60,182 



897,603 



Value. 



1893 1903 



Dollars. 

10,083 

59, 672 

485,333 

473,243 



420, 630 
107, 343 



347,077 
7,490 



302,400 



20,101 



322, 501 



22, 348 
159,707 
60, .501 



242, 556 



52, 086 



9, 155, 349 
29,363,416 



27.12 
31.18 



55, 119 
24,193 



70, 312 



Dollars. 

20,215 

31, 736 

482, 210 

589,792 



787, 122 
163, 641 

29, 291 
824, 542 
167,665 

33,232 

281,911 

6,558 



HAY CROP. 



Value. 



1894 



Dollars. 

2,192,021 

13, 466, 779 

25, 318, 990 

13,361,059 

761, 856 

8,663,894 

16, 832, 308 

3, 188, 979 

8,006,689 

1, 957, 194 



8, 210, 679 
3, 018, 720 



3,397,805 110.5,682,168 



644,814 



39,118 



3S3, 932 



14, 526 

154,916 

43, 561 



213,003 



33,707 



38, 544 



791,028 
30, .529, 647 

861,465 
4,499,002 
2,510,061 



39, 197, 203 



2, 377, 343 
13, 612, 222 



4,033,i81 
15,993,871 



14.27 
17.47 



21.24 
25.22 



2,485,587 
7,527,791 
5, 642, 453 



1903 



Dollars. 

1,204,169 

11,913,830 

30, 749, 912 

13,781,323 

502, 555 

10,442,029 

31,698,684 

6, 149, 036 

4, 229, 550 

816,596 

1,868,768 

1,284,232 

2, 494, 387 



117, 134, 061 



IRISH POTATO CROP. 



Value. 



1894 1903 



Dollars. 

720,433 
1,591,043 
5,239,870 
3,016,678 

358,149 
2,270,782 
3,374,909 

270,150 
1,854,371 
1,253,984 



839,597 
229, 860 



21,033,126 



Dollars. 
1,275,937 
4,415,946 
6,835,122 
3,. 556, 650 

370,370 
5,466,186 
4,362,766 

999,286 
3, 352, 918 

975,744 

781,752 
1, 558, 922 

348,871 



31,300,470 



2, 8.55, 132 
13,34.5,593 
1,796,918 
4,417,169 
7, C19, 181 



30, 303 
682,507 
37,080 
76, 185 
243,446 



3,992,789 

94,785 

206,552 

979, 615 



29,431.023 1,069,.521 | 5,273,771 



6,817,510 
7,67.3,502 
9, 03S, 272 



15,055,831 24,129,3.50 



4, 633, 681 



165,088,886 
468, 57S, 321 



176,977,420 
556,376,880 



22.53 
35.23 



6. 279, 0!-:!; 



21.05 
31.81 



359,624 
730,356 
539,770 


859,059 
1,892,134 
1,535,254 


1,629.750 


4,286,417 


1.113,3!! 


1.55:-, 726 


24,815,711 
91,. 626,787 


45,419,414 
151,638,094 


22.98 
27.14 


22.62 
29.95 



4326 



TEREITOEIAL A^B COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



[May, 




No. 29. — 1861. Territory of Nevada Formed from Western Part of Utah. — Territory of Colorado Formed from the Eastern 
Part of Utah,PWestern Part of Nebraska, and Northern Part of New Mexico. — Dakota Formed from Northern Part of 
Territory op Nebraska and that Part op the Territory of Minnesota not Included in the State op Minnesota. 




No. 30.— 1863. Idaho Territory Formed from the Eastern Part of Washington Territory and Western Part of Dakota 
Territory. — Arizona Territory Formed fro.m Western Part op New Mexico. — West Virginia Formed from Western Part 
op Virginia, 



1904.] 



TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPAifSlON OP UNITED STATES. 



4327 



Statistics of States of the Union Organized from Acquired Territort— Continued. 

[Continued on page 4329.] 





COTTOK PRODUCTION. 


WOOL PEODUCTION. 


VALUE OF PEODUCTION 

OF WHEAT, CORN, 

OATS, BARLEY, EYE, 


HORSES AND MULES ON FARMS. 


STATES^ AND TERRI- 
TOKIES. 


Bales. 


Value. 


Pounds. 


HAY, AND POTATOES 
IN— 


Number. 


Value. 




ISSS 


1899 


1888 


1899 


1894 


1903 


1890 


1903 


1890 


1903 


1890 


1903 


LOUISIANA PUHCHASE : 


597,290 


669,385 


Dollars. 
25,283,293 


Dollars. 
24,298,678 


1,290,408 
8,861,328 
5,247,480 
2, 635, 472 

876,220 
3,015,480 
5,831,550 
17,642,079 
2, 421, 522 
2,243,826 

127,654 
1, 916, 628 
9,861,811 


640,000 
8,450,000 
3,900,000 
1,276,000 

573,600 
2,380,000 
3,737,500 
30,600,000 
2,250,000 
3,087,500 

360,000 

3, 900, 000 

28,700,000 


Dollars. 
28,313,469 
18,471,749 
172,536,075 
78,693,995 
13, 3.%, 947 
68,908,909 
121,704,714 

6,384,211 
67,429,605 

4,099,642 


Dollars. 

80,447,615 

24,786,275 

161,404,593 

140,507,722 

17,311,960 

111,844,365 

126, 625, 282 

12,133,296- 

96, 045, 966 

48,921,339 

34,254,998 

58,412,355 

3,803,429 


316,979 
145,835 

1,137,616 
821,032 
219,435 
406, 195 

1,019,866 
218,945 
587,828 
C) 


403,778 
212,381 

1,201,012 
962,681 
316,131 
683,366 

1,004,756 
247,494 
827,135 
376, 635 
405,822 
464,989 
105,834 


Dollars. 
19,655,613 

8,327,804 
82, 967, 074 
53,317,337 
14,510,035 
31,771,171 
62,887,089 

9,12.5,262 
41,827,953 

C°-) 


Dollars. 
25,204,572 




9,045,812 












86,952,398 












61,708,348 


Louisiana 


446,778 


699,476 


18,904,054 


26,670,000 


22,206,903 




50, 933, 489 












69,804,723 












9,150,442 












50, 145, 059 


North Dakota 










26,663,243 












21,092,512 












39,122,781 
3,848,580 


144,4.50 


5,765,981 


26,381,704 


Wyoming" 










2,772,922 














Total 


1,044,068 


1,368,861 


44,187,347 


49, 968, 678 


61,871,357 


89,853,500 


625,864,677 


866, 399, 194 


5,331,418 


7,212,014 


352, 349, 067 


461,122,127 


MEXICAN CESSION: 










6,221,214 
26,275,158 
13,389,994 
11,047,936 
11,756,043 


4,387,600 
11,781,250 
16,250,000 

3, 976, 000 
12,937,500 


1,256.840 
64,780,879 
3, 013, 259 
4,958,399 
5, 748, 658 


3,919,653 
59, 448, 572 
3,453,246 
5,510,592 
12.525.131 


35,606 
414,887 
62,693 
53,892 
143,451 


112,482 
434,040 
120,979 
82,029 
107,353 


1,724,675 
27, 012, 480 
2,052,136 
3,008,864 
5,017,361 


3,095,484 


California 










28,970,626 












2,207,322 


Nevada ............ 










3,784,375 


Utah 










4,600,158 
















Total 










68,690.345 


49, 332, 2.50 


79,758,035 j 84,887,194 


710. 532 


856.883 


38.815,619 


42, 657, 965 


OREGON: 










5,788,140 
19,853,652 
5,656,531 


16,800,000 
16, 600, 000 
4,760,000 


4,711,920 
21,795,453 
14,709,870 


14,036,496 

25,084,740 
31,100,061 


139,669 
190,156 
119,901 


143,899 
219,832 
223,647 


5, 8S9, 162 
8,678,634 
7,645,544 


5,430,0Sa 












11,280,375 












14,907,058 














Total 










31,297,223 


37,060,000 


41,217,243 


70.221.297 


449, 626 


587,378 


22, 213, 340 


31,617.519 

















TEXAS 


1,594,305 


2,438,555 


67,764,358 92,187,133 


23,529,155 


9,000,000 


61,222,107 1 106,318,130 


1,563,490 


1,651.732 


55, 870, 755 


66, 030, 781 


Grand total 

Total U.S 


2,638,373 


3,807,416 


111,851,705 


142,165,811 


185, 388, 080 
298,057,384 


185,245,750 
287,450,000 


808, 162, 062 
1,913,702,331 


1,126,825,815 
2,447,730,450 


8,055,066 
16,644,864 


10,308,007 
19,493,975 


471,248,681 
1,160,910.661 


601,428,392 
1,354,473,130 


Per cent Louisiana Ter. 










20.76 
62.20 


31.26 
64.44 


32.70 
42.23 


35.40 
46.03 


32.20 
48.69 


37.00 
52.88 


30.35 
40.59 


34.01 


Per cent grand total 










44.40 




I 









• Includes Indian Territory. 



» Horses and mules on farms in Dakota Territory in 1890: Number, 313,237; value, $22,163,718. 



4328 



TEEEITORIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



[May, 




'ho. 31. — 1864. Montana Teeeitory Formed from Northeastern Part of Idaho Territory. — Additions Made to Nevada in 

1864 and 1866. 




No. 32. — 1837. Alaska Plkluased from ltL>siA fui; the slm of i?7,200,i)Ul». 



1904.] 



TERKITOEIAL AET> COMMERCIAL EXPAJSSION OF UNITED STATES. 



4329 



Statistics of States of the Union Organized feom Acquired Territory — Continued. 

[Continued on page 4331.] 





CATTLE ON FARMS AND RANCHES. 


SHEEP ON FARMS AND RANCHES. 


HOGS ON FARMS AND RANCHES. 


STATES AND TERRI- 
TORIES. 


Number. 


Value. 


Number. 


Value. 


Number. 


Value. 




1890 


1908 


1890 


1903 


1890 


1903 


1890 


1903 


1890 


1903 


1890 


1903 


LOUISIANA PTTRCHASE: 


916,333 
1,114,490 
3,909,049 
2, 580, 237 

473, 334 
1,109,373 
2, 290, 047 
1,014,801 
1,726,441 
(') 


747,046 
1,382,349 
4,865,626 
3,303,420 

672,945 
1,752,920 
2,000,547 
1,112,996 
3,005,758 

794, 255 
1,540,615 
1,871,670 

823,412 


Dollars. 

9,554,729 
19,588,703 
72,813,463 
44,. 596, 699 

5,783,655 
20,419,729 
38,566,403 
17,908,189 
30,700,938 
(■) 


Dollars. 

8,701,174 

24,394,222 

117,047,861 

66,646,218 

8,266,428 
31,. 516, 426 
42,665,960 
22,516,823 
68,424,527 
16,016,324 
22,982,310 
36, 642, 630 
16,399,543 


269,484 

1,783,891 

475,816 

438,313 

115,082 

327,375 

1, 198, 200 

1,989,845 

239,400 

(2) 


198, 704 

1,846,618 

862,118 

263,219 

176, 655 

513,337 

778,121 

5,270,063 

493,340 

836, 059 

64, 242 

927,240 

4,602,658 


Dollars. 

401,990 

3,778,281 

1,330,382 

870,271 

179, 114 

800,105 

2,506,754 

4,467,799 

503, 338 

(') 


Dollars. 

327,027 
4,152,265 
2,856,886 

781,312 

333, 012 
1,340,631 
2,254,683 
12,184,386 
1,376,664 
2,252,008 

165,686 
2,509,221 
11,883,603 


1,663,275 

29,508 

5,80.5,000 

2, 734, 195 

706,947 

527,526 

5,096,000 

29,254 

2,309,779 

(') 


1,074,214 

74,382 

7,364,268 

1,856,935 

649,372 

1,219,770 

3,142,002 

54,850 

2,860,242 

184,173 

491,429 

820,416 

15,823 


Dollars. 

4,091,657 

180,737 

34,481,700 

15,256,810 

2,120,842 

2,847,586 

18,569,824 

198,926 

12,985,579 

m 


Dollars. 
4,382,793 




562,328 




47,057,673 


Kansas 


12,125,786 




3,201,404 




8,733,553 




16,652,611 


Montana 


496,941 




18,391,356 


North Dakota 


1,434,708 
2,809,945 


South Dakota 

Wyoming 


1,228,294 


(■) 
18, 576, 476 


1,017,373 


2,249,921 


5,200 


34,424 


5, .521, 400 
125,951 


Total 


17,433,041 


23,773,559 


290, 298, 818 


472, 220, 446 


8,121,108 


16,832,280 


17,791,063 


42,417,384 


'l9, 383, 253 !l9,807,876 


93,157,603 


121,. 556, 449 


MEXICAN CESSION: 


620,960 
966,433 
1,403,732 
391,926 
479,080 


675,697 
1,433,764 
935,685 
702, 448 
321,279 


9,398,350 

19,174,134 

15,993,062 

5,978,194 

7,168,926 


10,310,520 

37,214,358 

13,923,633 

9,133,286 

6,528,015 


698,404 
4,035,120 
3,092,736 

700,986 
2,055,900 


1,088,188 
2, 271, 249 
3,860,466 
879,602 
2,391,947 


1,152,367 
8,409,190 
3,872,106 
1,323,882 
4,281,617 


2, 375, 841 
6,237,758 
7,464,593 
2,185,283 
5,468,230 


20,140 
647,000 
22,593 
19,232 
47,641 


18,368 
526,650 
23,238 
14,300 
56,818 


90,630 
3,175,476 
113,010 
101,931 
326,813 


133,903 




3,449,558 


New Mexico 


175,680 




1U,397 


Utah 


465,908 


Tot.al 


3,862,131 


3,968,873 


57, 713, 266 


77,109,812 


10,583,146 


10,491,452 


19, 039, 102 


23,731,710 


756,606 639,374 


3,807,866 


4,336,446 


OREGON: 

Idaho 


405,997 
851,458 
453,022 


408,553 
711,943 
451,967 


7,127,576 
15,502,557 
11,686,510 


8,103,950 
13,448,770 
10,837,118 


487,357 

2,929,830 

673,060 


3,588,034 

2,927,198 

894, 335 


1,072,185 
6, 622, 344 
1,545,346 


7,913,050 
5,976,461 
2,490,633 


31,000 
270,164 
143,411 


116,023 
274,421 
179, .513 


155,000 

1,153,059 

785,892 


739,067 




1,577,921 


Washington 


1,432, .514 


Total 


1,710,477 


1,572,463 


34,316,643 


32, 389, 838 


4,090,247 


7, 409, 5G7 


8,239,875 


16,380,144 


444,575 


509,957 


2,093,951 


3,749.502 


TEXAS 


8.011,195 


8, 909, 980 


75, 227, .582 


98,088,436 


4,752,640 


1,667,139 


7, -239, 696 


3, 28.5, 431 


2,321,246 ' 2,404,808 


8,073,292 


12,480,954 


Grand total -.. 

Total U.S 


31,016,844 
52,801,907 


38, 224, 875 
61,049,315 


463, 5.50, 309 
913,777,270 


679, 808, .532 
1,221,019,623 


27,547,141 
44,336,072 


36, 400, 438 
51,630,144 


52,309,790 
100,659,761 


85,814,669 
133,530,099 


22, 905, 680 
51,602,780 


23,422,015 
47,009,367 


107,132,712 
243,418.336 


142,123,351 
289,224,627 


Per cent Louisiana Ter. 


33.01 
58.74 


38.94 
62.61 


32.42 
50.73 


38.67 
55.68 


18.32 
62.13 


32.60 
70.50 


17.67 
51.96 


31.77 
64.27 


37.56 
44.39 


42.13 
49.82 


38.27 
44.01 


42.03 


Per cent grand total 


49.14 







I Cattle on farms in the Dakotas in 1890: Number, 1,070,636; value, $17,783,874. 
= Sheep on farms in the Dakotas in 1890: Number, 266,329; value, $703,108. 
» Hogs ou farms in the Dakotas in 1890; Number, 476,569; value, $2,389,518. 



No. 11 6 



4330 



TBEEITORIAL AJSTD COMMEECIAL EXPAI^SION OF UNITED STATES. 



[May, 




No. 33. — 1868. Wyoming Terkitoky Fohmed fkom Eastern Paet op Territory of Idaho. 




No. 34. — 1889-1890. Dakota Territory Divided and States of North and South Dakota Admitted (1S89). — Oklahoma 
Territory Formed (1890) from Part of Indian Territory and Unorganized Territory North of Texas. 



1904.] 



TEEEITOEIAL AKD COMMEECIAL EXPANSIOIT OP UNITED STATES. 



4331 



Statistics of States of the Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 

[Continued on page 4333.] 





TOTAL NUMBER AND VALUE OF ANIMALS. 


GOLD PRODUCED 


SILVER PRODUCED 










STATES AND TERRI- 
TORIES. 


Number. 


Value. 


(COINING VALUE). 


(COINING VALUE). 








18S0 


190S 


1S90 


190S 


1800 


1902 


1890 


1902 


1890 


1902 


1890 


1902 


LOTJISIAHA PURCHASE : 


3, 166, 071 
3,073,730 


2, 423, 742 
3,515,630 
1,565,142 
14, 293, 024 
6,386,255 
1,715,103 
4,169,393 
6, 925, 426 
6,685,403 
7,186,475 
2,191,122 
2, 602, 108 
4,084,321 
5,547,727 


Dollars. 
33,704,019 
31, 875, 585 


Dollars. 
38,615,566 
38,154,627 
22, 196, 027 

263.914,818 

141,261,664 
34, 067, 747 
92,624,099 

131,377,977 
44, 348, 592 

128,337,606 
45, 366, 283 
47, 110, 453 
71,0.54,955 
31,182,019 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Tons. 

357,043 
2,762,500 

776,089 
8, 590, 838 
2,017,788 


Tons. 
1,735,663 
6, 608, 342 
2,618,452 
5,272,113 
4,701,844 


Tons. 


Tons. 




4,150,000 


28,468,700 


24,307,070 


20,267,960 


114,275 


293,297 






11, 327, 481 
6,573,777 
1,614,798 
2,370,469 
9, 604, 113 
3,252,845 
4,863,448 
<.■') 


191,592,619 
114,041,117 
22,623,546 
55,838,591 
122, 530, 070 
31,700,170 
86,023,808 
(=) 














Kalisa.s 














Louisiana 




























891,910 
181,690 
81,632 


16, 137, 650 

6C,3C8 

» 302,034 












2,442,162 

462,033 

1,339 

26, 786 


3,473,352 
1,393,689 


Montana 


3, 300, 000 


4, 373, 600 


20, 363, 636 


17,123,297 




Nortli Dakota 










202,242 






Oklahoma 














Sonth Dalcota 


2,395,317 


26.626.802 


3,200,000 


6, 965, 400 
33,800 


129,292 


439,855 
6,464 












1, 669, 970 


3,954,903 


















Tnial 


.■)0. 268,820 


69, 190, 871 


759.596.5.51 11.119.512,433 ||10, 6.50, 000 139,841,500 


44,799,998 137,837,. 576 


14, 106, .548 '29,860,490 


1,269,507 11.5,859.289 


MEXICAN CESSION: 
Arizona 


1,375,110 
6,063,440 
4,681,754 
1,166,036 
2,726,075 


1, 794, 735 
4, 665, 703 
4, 939, 368 
1, 374, 474 
2,877,397 


12,366,022 
67,771,280 
22,030,914 
10,412,871 
16,794,726 


15,915,748 
75, 872, 300 
23,791,233 
16,214,341 
17,062,311 


1,000,000 

12,500,000 

850,000 

2,800,000 

680, 000 


4,112,300 
16, 792, 100 
531,100 
2, 896, 300 
3,694,500 


1,292,929 
1,163,636 
1,680,808 
6, 753, .535 
10.343,434 


3,934,513 
1,164,671 
691, 127 
4,843,572 
14,004,622 










California 


98,849 
335,516 


75,879 
936,396 






New JVIexico 






Nevada 






Utah 


284,070 


1, 405, 822 












Total 


15,912,415 


1.5,651,677 


119,375,813 1 147,855,933 | 


17,830,000 


27,925,300 |20,234,342 


24,638,505 1 


718,434 : 2,418,097 








OREGON: 

Idaho 


1,063,923 
4,241,608 
1,389,394 


4,256,509 
4,133,394 
1,749,462 


14,243,923 
30,9.56,594 
21,663,292 


22,186,153 
32,283,527 
29, 667, 323 


1,850,000 

1,100,000 

204,000 


1,475,000 

1,816,700 

272,200 


4,783,838 
96, 969 
90,605 


7,669,842 
120,630 
800,323 




1,813 

58,614 

2,393,941 






Oregon 


54, 923 

1,128,294 






Washington 








.... . 




Total 


6. 694, 925 


10, 139, 365 


66,863,809 


84,137,003 


3,154,000 


3, 563, 900 


4.971.312 


8,490,795 1 


1.183,217 












TEXAS 


IB, 648, 571 


14, 633, 659 


146,411,356 1 179,88.5,602 






387, 878 


576,905 164,679 ; 80-5,278 


22,000 6, .516 








Grand total 

Total U. S 


89, 824, 731 
165,2.S5.573 


109, 615, 572 
179. 182, 801 


1,092,247,498 1,. 531, 390,971 
2.218,766,028 2,998,247,479 


31,634,000 
32,845,000 


71,330,700 
80, 000, 000 


70,393,530 
70,485.714 


71,443,781 
71,7.57,575 


16,172,878 135,538,2.33 
140,866,931 '269.277,178 ' 


1,291,507 15,865,805 
16.036.043 '3.5.554.135 


Per cent Louisiana Ter. 
forms of U. S 


30.41 
54.16 


38.61 
61.18 


34.24 
49.23 


37.37 
51.08 


32.42 
96.31 


49.80 
89.16 


63.56 
99.87 


52.73 
99.56 


10.01 
11.48 


11.09 
13.20 


7.91 
8.05 


44.61 
44.62 


Per cent grand total 





1 Includes New Mexico, Utah, and Wj*nming. 

« Total number and value of animals in the Dakotus, 1S90; Number, 2,120,771; value, 853,040,213. 



4332 TEERITOEIAL AND CO^IMEECIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



IMay, 




1904.] 



TEREITORIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. 



4333 



Statistics of States of the Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 

[Continued en page 4334] 









PUBLIC SCHOOL STATISTICS. 


STATES AND TEREI- 


PRODUCED IN— 


Pupils enrolled. 


Teachers employed. 


Total expenditure for 
public schools. 


High schools. 


Normal schools. 


TOKIES. 


Students. 


Teachers. 


Students. 


Teachers. 




1890 


1902 


1890 


1902 


1890 


1902 


1890 


1902 


1902 


1902 


LOTJISIANA PTTRCHASE: 
Arkansas 


Sarrcls. 


Barrels. 


223,071 
65,490 


840, 695 
130, 369 

2-2, 121 
560,173 
389,272 
198,896 
414,671 
703,057 

42,400 
289,468 

83,677 
131,591 
105,691 

14,612 


5,016 
2,375 


7,723 

3,947 

618 

29,073 

11,709 

4,271 

12,605 

16,347 

1,221 

9,629 

4,583 

2,915 

5,052 

570 


Dollars. 

1,016,776 

1,681,379 


Dollars. 
1,592,110 
3, 100, 855 

42.5,038 
9,213,709 
4,804,563 
1,236,618 
6,697,589 
8,169,288 
2 879,882 
4,286,528 
1,677,874 
1,116,281 
1,847,813 

253,651 


4,294 

6,413 

852 

31,457 

16,573 

4,891 

16,874 

24,865 

2,203 

16, S9 

1,678 

1,151 

8,295 

471 


220 
298 

46 
1,358 
625 
275 
812 
1,136 
107 
780 

90 

68 
173 

27 


369 
366 


22 
88 




368, 842 


396,901 
37,000 


Indian Ter 






498,267 
899,822 
120,253 
280,960 
620,214 

16,980 
240,300 

85,543 


26,567 

12 232 
2,676 
S,847 

13,785 
6-24 

10,555 
1,982 


6,382,953 
4,972,967 

817,110 
4,187,310 
5,434,262 

364,084 
3,376,332 

626,949 


3,788 

1,870 

666 

1,182 

2,848 

124 

952 

876 

933 

619 

45 


128 
50 
27 
90 
73 
8 
33 
18 
42 
38 
13 


Kansas 


1,200 






831,749 
548,617 


Minnesota 




Missouri 


278 












Nortli Dakota 






Oklahoma 




1857 






78,043 
7,052 


4,640 
259 


1,199,630 
3 225, 000 














Total 


370, 320 


1,315,124 


2,580,495 


8,426.593 


89, 558 


110.263 


30, 284, 752 


45,301,677 


131,271 


8,904 


14,033 


.580 




MEXICAN CESSION: 






7,989 
221,756 
18,215 

7,887 
37,279 


19,203 

278, 330 

40,184 

6,952 

74, 578 


240 

6,434 

»476 

251 

680 


457 

8,072 

710 

319 

1,593 


181,914 

5, 1S7, 162 

2 85,000 

161,481 

394,685 


376,685 

7, 613, 708 

2 241,227 

209,484* 

1.399,186 


244 

18,139 

474 

4S7 
3,431 


22 
953 
41 
23 
160 


63 

1,758 

229 


12 
99 
20 




307,360 


13,984,268 


New Mexico -. . 








Utah 






200 


8 








Total 


307,360 


13,984,268 


292,626 


419, 247 


7,081 


11,161 


6,010,242 


9, 810. 290 


22.775 


1,209 


2,250 


139 




OREGON: 






14,311 
63,254 
65,964 


46,117 
100, 659 
136,624 


497 
2,666 
1,610 


1,238 
4,510 
4,159 


169, 020 
805, 979 
958,111 


689,636 
1, 802, 227 
2,805,455 


662 
3,558 
6,548 


38 
193 
275 


255 
289 
658 


12 
28 
30 


























133,529 


283,400 


4,673 


9,907 


1,933,110 


5,297,318 


9,768 


606 


1,202 


70 








TRXAR 


64 


lS.fl.S.S_fi.S,S 


4(j6,872 


712,629 


10,880 


16, 170 


3,17S,!iOO 


5.216,«?2 


19,000 


867 


1.346 


66 




. -. - ."•- - 


Grand total 


677, 7S4 

45,822,672 


33,38S,<050 
< 88, 766, 916 


3,473,522 

12,722,681 


4, .841, 869 

15,925,887 


112,192 
363,922 


147,491 
489,596 


41,406,404 
140,506,715 


65,655,9,57 

235,208,465 


182,814 
656,301 


8,540 
32,318 


18,831 
65,068 


845 
3,277 


TotiilC.S 




Per cent. Louisiana Ter. 
forms of U. S 


0.81 
1.48 


1.48 
87.61 


20.28 
27.30 


21.52 
30.40 


24.61 
30.83 


25.08 
33.55 


21.55 
29.53 


19.26 
27.91 








Per cent grand total 
forms of U. S 


















1 Including Michigan and Missouri. 

- Returns for 1901. 

8 Estimated. 

« In addition to this quantity. 76,538 barrels were produced in Kentucky, 489 barrels in Missouri, and 431,359 barrels in Texas, which were tanked and unsold 
by the producing companies. The total quantity produced, but not sold, in 1902 was 508,386 barrels. The total production in 1902, marketed and unmarketed, was 
therefore 89,275,302 barrels. 



4334 



TEEEITOEIAL AJS^D COMMEECIAL EXPAi^SION OF UKITED STATES. 



[May, 



Statistics of States of the Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 

[Continued on page 4335.] 





HIGHER EDUCATIONAL 
INSTITUTIONS, 1902. 


TOTAL OP ALL SCHOOLS AND EDUCATIONAL 
INSTITUTIONS. 


POST-OFFICES, 
JUNE 30— 


NEWSPAPERS 
AND PERIODICALS 


MILES OF 


RAILWAY 


STATES AND TERRI- 
TORIES. ■ 


Students. 


Teachers. 


Students. 


Teachers. 


PUBLISHED. 






1S99 


1890 


1902 


1890 


1902 


1890 


1903 


1890 


1903 


1890 


1902 


LOXTISIANA PimCHASE : 


2,139 
2,596 

227 
8,235 
5,688 
2,836 
5,619 
11,249 

476 
3,912 

666 

651 
1,336 

172 


133 
340 

26 
700 
566 
224 
459 
1,213 

47 
480 

93 

39 
119 

18 


225,659 

68,057 

1 231 

515,516 

411,853 

127,455 

292, 099 

640, 813 

17,663 

247,396 

36,151 


347,497 
139,744 

23,200 
603,6.53 
413,403 
206,689 
438,346 
742, 014 

45,203 
311,191 

86,292 
134, 326 
110,941 

15,200 


5,207 

2,639 

1 17 

27,837 

12,868 
3,097 
9,610 

15,243 
679 

11,070 
2,033 


8,098 
4,623 
688 
31,259 
12,940 
4,797 
13,966 
18,769 
1,383 
10,872 
4,784 
3,064 
5,382 
628 


1,477 

676 
1 347 
1,781 
1,838 

846 
1,272 
2,389 

348 
1,107 

493 


2,037 

752 

668 

1,633 

1,475 

1,314 

1,586 

2,813 

646 

1,002 

768 

863 

649 

331 


198 
276 

18 
878 
765 
173 
476 
849 

70 
610 
125 

30 
256 

35 


253 
347 

lis 

1,060 
693 
188 
705 
984 

91 
604 
177 
210 
273 

38 


2,203 
4,291 
1 1,281 
8,416 
8,892 
1,740 
5,545 
6,142 
2,196 
5,408 
2,116 


3,531 




4,802 


Indian Ter 


2,114 


Iowa 


9,559 




8,803 




3,065 
7,285 
7,148 




Missouri 




3,234 
3,778 




North Dakota 


3,079 
1,664 


South Dakota 


80,347 
7,311 


4,787 
278 


674 
226 


2,610 
1,003 


3,0'28 
1,313 




Total 


45, S02 


4,446 


2,670,541 


3,617,699 


95,365 


121,253 


13, 474 


16,437 


4,759 


5,741 


51,823 


62,403 




MEXICAN CESSION: 


215 

6,900 

312 

331 

1,772 


16 

■ 734 
37 
23 
96 


8,064 

240,220 

18,513 

7,773 
38,375 


19,725 

305,127 

41,199 

7,770 

79,981 


244 

6,604 
503 
278 
761 


507 

9,858 

808 

365 

1,857 


170 
1,355 
256 
148 
253 


267 
1,658 
387 
186 
330 


34 
668 
47 
25 
51 


56 

684 

53 

30 

77 


1,095 
4,350 
1,389 
923 
1,265 


1 617 




5 773 


New Mexico ......... 


2,349 
961 




Utah 


1,611 




Total 


9, 530 


906 


312, 945 


453,802 


8,390 


13,395 


2,182 


2,818 


725 


900 


9 022 


19 an 






OREGON: 


283 
1,569 
1,773 


21 
218 
181 


14, 443 
66, 153 
57,344 


47,317 
106,075 
144, 603 


509 
2,792 
1,694 


1,309 
4,949 
4,645 


260 
653 
602 


501 
870 
945 


46 
146 

194 


85 
200 
248 


946 
1,440 
2,012 


1,434 
1 712 


Oregon 


Washington 


3 112 






Total 


3,625 


420 


137, 940 


297, 995 


4,995 


10,903 


1,515 


2,316 


386 


533 


4,398 


6 258 






TEXAS 


5.324 


416 


476, 992 


738, 299 


11,394 


17,509 


2,248 


3,313 


542 


770 


8,710 


10, 874 




Grand total 


64,281 


6,188 


3, 598, 418 


5, 107, 795 


120,144 


163,060 


19, 419 


24.884 


6, 412 


7.944 


73,953 


91,846 


Total U. S 


224,721 


22,315 


13,228,588 


16, 870, 977 


395,065 


497,506 


62, 401 


2 73,995 


18, 536 


20, 485 








Per cent Louisiana Ter. 
forms of U. S. 






20.19 
27.2 


21.44 
3e.27 


24.14 
30.41 


24.37 
32.78 


21.59 
31.12 


22.21 
33.63 


25.67 
34.59 


28.03 
38.78 


31.08 
44.36 


30 74 


Per cent grand total 
forms of U. S 






46 24 











1 Includes Olslahoma. 



8 Excluding insular possessions. 



1904.] 



TEERITOEIAL AND COMMEKCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



4335 



Statistics of States of the Union Organized from Acquired Territory — Continued. 

BANKING STATISTICS. 





NATIONAL BANKS. 


TOTAL RESOURCES OF 


STATES AND TERRI- 
TORIES. 


Number of banks. 


Capital stock.i 


Total individual 
deposits.' 


Loans and discounts.' 


Circulation.' 


PRIVATE. .AND SAVINGS 
BANKS,' 




1890 


190S 


1890 


IflOS 


18!)0 


1903 


1S90 


190.3 


1890 


1903 


1890 


190S 


LOinSIANA PURCHASE : 
Arkansas 


9 

46 

2 

139 

159 

19 

60 

79 

25 

135 

29 

3 

39 

11 


15 

65 

87 

253 

146 

31 

184 

84 

23 

i:!7 

71 
85 
68 
16 


1,530 

7,365 

110 

11,320 

13, 909 

4,325 
14, 645 
23,161 

3,315 
12,555 

1,998 
200 

2,545 

l.'>85 


1,466 
5, 6U5 
3, 955 

16, 582 
9,936 
4,098 

16,764 

23, 020 
2, 630 

10,365 
2,770 
3,035 
2,270 
985 


2,2,35 
26,326 
61 
26, 800 
20,685 
14,784 
31,000 
45,011 
12,807 
26, 152 

3,810 
169 

4,075 

2, 694 


5,809 
58, 509 

7,175 
64,336 
42,482 
23,771 
69,384 
98,579 
15, 773 
45, 193 
11,808 
11,977 
10, 864 

6,560 


4,009 
25,093 
102 
31,762 
25, 636 
17, 415 
41,080 
64,862 
13,451 
33, 364 

4,145 
133 

4.909 

3,055 


5,726 

31,762 

9, 669 

71,779 

38,6.50 

26,647 

73, 599 

150,676 

12, 518 

45, 231 

11,873 

9,681 

9, 625 

4, 946 


266 

1,164 

18 

2,667 

2,924 

949 
1,517 
1,929 

646 
2,340 

458 
34 

580 

262 


473 
4,042 
1,5.58 
9,680 
6,106 
2,453 
6,845 
16,8.54 

947 
4,718 
1,090 
1,290 
1,006 

491 


7,687 

51,063 

239 

115,739 

78,046 

40,342 

108, .506 

19^,646 

21,622 

93,733 

9,334 

599 

15, 175 

6,172 


21,500 
98 800 


Indian Territory 


16,700 
297,800 
104 000 




Louisiiina 


103 100 








568,000 
43,400 

128,300 
31, 000 


Montana 




Nortli Dakota 


South Dakota 

Wyoming 


37,600 
11 100 








Total 


755 


1,245 


98,263 ! 103,471 

1 


216, 609 


471,220 ; 269,016 


.502, 412 


15,644 , 56,453 


746, 903 


1, 713, 800 




MEXICAN CESSION: 


2 

37 
9 
2 

10 


11 

61 
19 
1 
13 


150 

8,475 

975 

282 

2,060 


605 

16,030 

1,162 

82 

1,705 


293 

18, 236 

2,301 

245 
4,442 


3, 3.55 

69,911 

5,562 

.597 

8,214 


204 
20,568 
2,236 

635 
4,926 


2, 2,82 
64,368 
4,426 
546 
5. 488 


33 

1, 188 

249 

63 
301 


352 
9,283 

705 

20 

1,290 


1,258 

262, 643 

4,732 

1,320 

14.791 


11,000 
551,900 
10,600 








Utah 


56,800 




Total 


60 


105 


11,942 


19, .584 


25, 517 


87,060 


28, 569 


77,110 1 1,,834 


11.660 


284,744 










OREGON: 


7 
37 
51 


19 
34 
34 


400 
2,976 
5, 327 


875 
2, 563 
3, 495 


1,398 
9.843 
14, 341 


6,798 
19,460 
33,032 


1,088 
11,060 
16, 106 


3,793 
12,942 
23, 461 


93 

690 

1,065 


311 

1,515 
1,681 


2,595 
23,699 
32, 992 


10, ,500 
38,300 
69,600 




Washington 




Total 


95 


87 


8,702 


6,933 


25, 582 


59,290 


27,254 


40, 196 


1.748 


3,407 


.59,286 


118,400 




TEXAS 


189 


369 


22,227 1 27,578 


30,450 1 71,382 


48.814 1 87,967 3 »'l 1 in fiJ7 


83,099 j 152,200 






' 


Grand total 


1,099 


1,806 


141,134 ! 157,566 


298,158 1 689,561 


373,653 


707, 685 


23,047 


82, 157 


1,174,032 j 2,620,900 



> In thousands of dollars. 



PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES IN ITS MATERIAL INDUSTRIES. 



The accompanying series of tables, entitled "Progress of the United States in its material industries," 
has been prepared with the purpose of showing the development in the principal industries and business 
enterprises of the United States during the century, and for the further purpose of providing a ready answer 
to the numerous inquiries which reach the Bureau of Statistics upon this subject. The rapid progress in 
production, manufacture, and distribution of the great articles entering into internal and foreign commerce, 
the large increase in the amount of money in circulation and deposits in banks of various classes, the great 
increase in imports and exports of the principal articles which enter into our foreign commerce, and the rapid 
enlargement of production in agriculture, manufacture, and mining have led to unexampled demands upon the 
Bureau for information upon these objects. In the summary and detail tables which follow, the statistics of area, 
population, wealth, public debt and interest charge, gold and silver produced, coined, and in circulation, bank 
deposits, foreign commerce, production of agriculture, farm animals, the principal cei'cals, minerals, and manu- 
factures are shown, at decennial periods from 1800 to 1900, and annually, where possible, from 1850 to 1903. 
These figures, covering the century by decades and the last half of the century by yearly statements regarding 
more than 100 articles or groups of articles, present to the eye a picture of the general development of the United 
States, and offer ready facility for determining conditions in any of these great factors at any given date that may- 
be desired. 

4337 
No. 11 7 



4338 TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. [May, 

STJMMAEY OF PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES IN ITS AREA, POPULATION, 



AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. 



AbEA and rOPCLATION: 

Areai 

Population 2 

Per square mile 2 

Wealth; 

Total 3 

Per capita 

FUBLIC-DEET STATEMENT: 

Public debt, less cash in the Treasury 5 

Per capita, less cash in Treasury 

Interest-bearing debt " 

Annual interest charge 

Per capita 

Coinage: 

Gold coined 

Silver coined 

Commercial ratio of silver to gold 

Money in ciHcnLATioN; 

Gold in circulation ' 

Silver in circulation 7 

Gold certificates in circulation 

Silver certificates in circulation 

United States notes (greenbacks) in circulation.. 

National-bank notes in circulation (October 31) . . 

Miscellaneous currency in circulation * 

Total money in circulation 

Per capita 

National banks: 

Reporting nearest June 30 

Capital 

Loans and discounts 

Bank clearings: 

New York 

Total United States 

Bank deposits: 

National banks (individual) 

Savings banks 

State banks 

Loan and trust companies 

Private banks ^^ 

Total bank deposits 

Depositors in savings bauks 

GOVERNMENT RECEIPTS: 

Netordinary " 

Customs 

Internal revenue 

Government expenditures: 

Net ordinary 12 

War 

Navy 

Pensions 

Interest on public debt 

Pensioners 

Imports of merchandise: 

Total 

Per capita '^ 

Exports of merchandise: 

Total 

Per capita " 

Imports of gold and silver: 

Gold 

SUver 

Exports or gold and silver; 

Gold 15 

Silver is 



Sq. miles . . , 

Number 

Number 



Dollars . 
Dollars . 



Dollars . 
Dollars . 
Dollars . 
Dollars . 
Dollars . 

Dollars . 
Dollars . 
Dollars . 

Dollars . 

Dollars . 
Dollars . 
Dollars . 
Dollars . 
Dollars . 
Dollars . 
Dollars . 



Number . 
Dollars.. 
Dollars .. 



Dollars . 
Dollars . 



Dollars . . 
Dollars . . 
Dollars.. 
Dollars . . 
Dollars . . 
Dollars . - 
Number . 

Dollars . . 
Dollars .. 
Dollars . . 



Dollars . . 
Dollars . . 
Dollars . . 
Dollars .. 
Dollars . . 
Number . 

Dollars . . 
Dollars . . 



Dollars . 
Dollars . 



Dollars . 
Dollars . 



Dollars . 
Dollars . 



1800 



827, 844 

5,308,483 

6.41 



82,976,294.35 

15.63 

82,976,294 

3,402,601 

0.64 

317, 760 

224, 296 

15.68 

8 16,000,000 



10,500,000 

26,500,000 

5.00 



10,848,749 

9,080,933 

809, 397 

7,411,370 
2,560,879 
3, 448, 716 
64,131 
3, 402, 601 



91,252,768 
17.19 

70,971,780 
13.37 



1810 



1,999,775 

7,239,881 

3.62 



53, 173, 217. 52 

7.34 

53, 173, 218 

3, 163, 670 

0.44 

501,435 

638, 774 

15.77 

8 27, 000, 000 



28,000,000 

55,000,000 

7.59 



9,384,214 

8, 583, 309 

7,431 

6,311,082 
2,294,324 
1,654,244 
83, 744 
3, 163, 671 



85,400,000 
11.80 

66,757,970 
9.22 



1820 



2,059,043 

9,658,453 

4.68 



91,015,566.15 

9.42 

91,015,566 

5,151,004 

0.B3 

1,319,030 

501,681 

15.02 

» 22,300,000 



44, 800, 000 

C", 100, 000 

6.94 



1, 138, 576 



8,635 

17,840,670 

15, 005, 612 

106,261 

13,134,531 
2, 630, 392 
4, 887, 990 
3,208,376 
5,151,004 



74, 450, 000 
7.71 

69,691,669 
7.22 

18 8,064,890 
16 10, 478, 059 



1830 



2, 059, 043 

12, 806, 020 

6.25 



48, 565, 406. 50 

3.77 

48,565,406 

1,912,576 

0.16 

643, 105 

2, 495, 400 

15.82 

« 26, 344, 295 



61,000,000 

87,344,295 

6.79 



6,973,304 



38,085 

24,844,117 

21,922,391 

12, 161 

13, 229, 533 
4, 767, 129 
3,239,429 
1,363,297 
1,912,575 



62, 720, 956 
4.87 

71,070,735 
5.67 

821, 146 
7,334,818 

1,422,664 
■756,109 



1810 



2, 059, 043 

17, 069, 453 

8.29 



3, 573, 343. 82 

0.21 

3,573,344 

174, 598 

0.01 

1, 675, 483 

1, 720, 703 

15.62 

8 79, 336, 916 



106,908,572 

186, 305, 488 

10.91 



14,051,620 
75, 696, 857 



78,701 

19, 480, 115 

13, 499, 502 

1,682 

24,139,920 
7, 095, 267 
6, 113, 897 
2, 603, 652 
174, 598 



98, 258, 706 
5.76 

123, 608, 932 
7.25 

3, 085, 157 
6,797,656 

3, 703, 373 
4, 713, 041 



1S50 



2,980,959 

23,191,876 

7.78 

7,135,780,000 
307. 69 

63, 4.52, 773. 55 

2.74 

63,452,774 

3, 782, 393 

0.16 

31,981,739 

1,806,100 

16.70 

8 147, 395. 466 



131,366,526 

278,761,982 

12.02 



43, 431, 130 
109,586,595 



251,354 

43, 692, 889 
39, 668, 686 



37,165,990 
9, 687, 025 
7,904,725 
1,866,886 
3,782,393 



173, 509, 526 
7.48 

144, 375, 726 
6.23 

1,776,706 
2,852,086 

4, 560, 627 
2,962,367 



1 Exclusive of Alaska and islands belonging to the United States. 

2 No official figures in other than census years. 
8 True valuation of real and personal property. 
< Estimated. 

' 1800 to 1810, outstanding principal of the public debt January 1; 1850 to 1855, 
outstanding principal of the public debt July 1. 
' Figures for the years 1800 to 1855 include the total public debt. 



' Gold and silver can not be stated separately prior to 1876. From 1862 to 
1875, inclusive, gold and silver were not in circulation except on the Pacific 
coast, where it is estimated that the average specie circulation was about 
$25,000,000, and this estimate is continued for the three following years under 
the head of gold. After that period gold was available for circulation. 

8 Total specie in circulation; gold and silver were not separately stated prior 
to 1876. 



1904.] TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXTANSION OP UNITED STATES. 

AND MATERIAL INDUSTRIES, BY DECADES, AND IN 1902 AND 1903. 



4339 



I860 


1870 


1S80 


1890 


1900 


1902 


1908 


AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. 
















AltEA AND POPULATION: 


3,025,600 

31,443,321 

10.39 


3,025,600 

38,558,371 

12.74 


8,025,000 

60, 155, 783 

16.57 


3,025,600 

02,022,250 

20.70 


3,025,600 

76,303,387 

25.22 


3,02.5,000 

79,003,000 

26.11 


3,025,600 

80,372,000 

20. 66 


Area.' 
Population.2 

Per square xailc- 
Wealth: 


16,159,616,000 
613. 93 


30,068,518,000 
779. 83 


42,642,000,000 
850.20 


65,037,091,000 
1,038.57 


194,300,000,000 
1, 235. 86 






Total.3 






Per capita. 
















Public-debt statement: 


69,964,402.01 
1.91 


2,831,109,956.21 
60.40 


1,919,326,747.75 
38.27 


890,784,370.53 
14.22 


1,107,711,257.89 
14.52 


969,457,241.042 

12. 27 


925, OU, 037. 31 
11.61 


Public debt, less cash in the Treasury. 6 
Per capita less cash in Treasury, 


64, 640, 83S 

3,413,687 

0.11 


2, 040, 455, 722 

118,784,960 

3.08 


1,723,903,100 

79,033,981 

1.59 


725,313,110 

29,417,603 

0.47 


1, 023, -178, 860 

33,515,130 

0.44 


931,070,340 

27, -542, 946 

0.35 


914,541,410 

25,541,573 

0.32 


Interest-bearing debt.' 
Annual interest charge. 
Per capita. 
Coinage: 


23,473,654 

2,259,390 

15. 29 


23, 19S, 788 

1,378,256 

15.57 


62,308,279 

27,411,694 

18.05 


20, 407, 183 

39,202,908 

19.75 


99,272,943 

36,34.5,321 

33.33 


47, 184, 933 

30,028,167 

39.15 


43,683,971 

19,874,440 

33.10 


Gold coined. 
Silver coined. 

Commercial ratio of gold to silver. 
Money in circulation: 


« 228,304,775 


25, 000, 000 


f 22.5,695,779 

i 08,022,345 

7, 963, 900 

5, 789, 569 

327,895,457 

337,415,178 


374,258,923 
110,311,336 
130,830,859 
297,656,238 
334,088,977 
181,604,937 


610, 806, 472 

142,050,334 

200,733,019 

408,466,674 

313,971,545 

300,115,112 

79,008,942 

2, 055, 150, 998 

26.94 


632,394,289 

154,468,577 

300,399,009 

446,557,662 

334,291,722 

345,476,516 

29, 802, 776 

2,249,390,551 

23.43 


617,260,739 
165,117,934 
377, 258, 659 
454,733,013 
334,248,567 
399,996,709 
19,076,648 
2,367,692,169 
29.42 


Gold in circulation.' 

SUver in circulation.' 

Gold certificates in circulation. 






Silver certificates in circulation. 




324,962,638 
288,618,081 
36,602,075 
675, 212, 794 
17.50 


United States notes (greenbacks) in circulation. 




National-banknotes in circulation (October 31). 


207, 102, -477 

435,407,252 

13.85 


Miscellaneous currency in circulation.' 


973,382,228 
19.41 


1,429,2.51,270 
22.82 


Total money in circulation. 
Per capita. 
National banks: 




1,612 


2,070 


3,484 


3,732 


4,535 


4,939 


Reporting nearest June 30. 




427,235,701 
719,341,186 


455, 909, 565 
994,712,6-16 


642,073,676 
1,933,509,333 


621,636,461 
2,623,512,201 


701,990,554 
3,221,859,031 


743,606,048 
3,415,045,751 


Capital. 




Loans and discounts. 




Bank clearings: 


7,231,143,067 


27,804,539,400 


37,182,128,621 


37,660,686,572 
68,845,279,605 


51,964,588,504 
84,582,450,081 


74,753,139,436 
116,021,618,003 


70, 833, 055, 940 
114,068,837,669 


New York. 

Total United States. 








Bank deposits: 




542,261,563 
549,874,358 


833,701,034 

819,106,973 

208,751,011 

90,008,008 

182,067,235 

2,134,234,801 

2,335,582 


1,521,74.5,665 

1,521,844,506 

553,054,534 

336,456,592 

99,621,607 

4,035,022,914 

4,253,893 


2,458,092,758 
2,449,547,885 
1,266,735,282 
1,028,232,407 
96,206,049 
7,298,814,381 
6,107,083 


3,098,875,772 
2,750,177,290 
1,698,185,287 
1,62.5,887,493 
131,669,948 
9,204,795,790 
6,666,672 


3,200,993,609 
2,935,204,845 
1,814,570,163 
1,589,398,796 
133,217,990 
9,673,385,303 
7,305,228 


National banks (individual). 


149,277,504 
257,229,502 


Savings banks. 
State banks. 




Loan and trust companies. 






Private banks." 






Total bank deposits. 


693,870 


1,630,846 


Depositors in savings banka. 
Government receipts: 


66, 054, 600 
53,187,512 


895,9.59,834 
194, 538, 374 
184,899,756 


833,526,501 
186,522,006 
124,009,374 


403,080,983 
229,668,585 
142, 606, 706 


567,240,852 
233,164,871 
295, 327, 927 


662,478,233 
254,444,708 
271,893,122 


660,390,674 
284,479,682 
230,810,124 


Net ordinary." 
Customs. 
Internal revenue. 




Government expenditures; 


60,050,755 
16,472,203 
11,514,050 
1, 100, 802 
3,144,121 
8,636 


164,421,507 
57,655,675 
21,780,230 
28, 340, 202 

129,235,498 
198,680 


119,090,002 
38,116,910 
13,536,985 
56,777,174 
95, 757, 675 
250,802 


261,637,203 
44,582,838 
22,006,206 

106,936,855 

36,099,284 

507, 944 


447,553,-158 
134,774,768 

65,953,078 
140, 877, 316 

40,160,333 
993, 529 


442,082,813 
112,272,216 

67,803,123 
138,438,660 

29, 108, 045 
999, 446 


477,542,663 
118,619,520 

82,013,034 
138,425,046 

28,556,349 
996,585 


Net ordinary .'3 
War. 
Navy. 
Pensions. 

Interest on public debt. . 
Pensioners. 
Imports of merchandise: 


363,616,119 
11.25 


435,953,408 
11.06 


007,951,746 
12.51 


789,310,409 
12.36 


849,911,134 
10.88 


903,320,918 
11.39 


1,025,719,237 
12.54 


Total. 

Per capita. '3 
Exrop.Ts OF merchandise: 


333,576,057 
10.61 


392,771,708 
9.77 


835,638,058 
16.43 


857,828,684 
13.50 


1,394,483,082 
17.96 


1,381,719,401 
17.16 


1,420,141,679 
17.32 


Total. 

Per capita." 
Imports of gold and silvee: 


2,503,786 
6,041,349 


12,056,950 
14,302,229 


80,758,390 
12,275,914 


12,943,342 
21,032,984 


44, 573, 184 
36,256,302 


52,021,251 
28,232,254 


44,982,027 
24,163,491 


Gold. 

Silver. 
Exports of gold and silver: 


68,446,039 
8,100,200 


33,635,902 
24,519,704 


3,639,025 
13,603,894 


17,274,491 
34,873,929 


48,266,759 
56,712,275 


48,568,950 
49,732,390 


47,090,595 
44,250,259 


Goia.15 
Silvcr.is 



Includes notes of bank of United States, State bank notes, demand notes of 
1862 and 18iv.; fmctinnal currcnry 18(13 to 1S7S: Treasury notes of 1890,1891 to 
date, and currency ccrtilicntcs. act of June 8, 1S72. }&92 to 19U0. 

1" Includes all pViva to banks from 1875 to 1882; from 1887 to date includes only 
those volinitiirily repurlintr, estimated at one-fourth of total private banks. 

11 "Net ordiunry rcceipt.s" iuelude receipts from customs, internal revenue, 
direct tax. public "lands, and "miscellaneous," but do not include receipts from 
loans, premiums, or Treasury notes, or revenues of Post-Ollice Department. 

w ''Net ordinary expenses" include expenditures for war, Navy, Indians, 



pensions, and "miscellaneous." but do not include payments for interest, pro- 
miuras, or principal of public debt, or expenditures for postal service. 

13 Eased on total imports to I860; after tbat on imports for consumption only, 

n Based on total exports to 18G0; after that on domestic exports only. 

1^ Cold andsilvercau not be separately stated in domoslic exports before 1864, 
but it is ]irobable that the s^reator portion of the exports was gold. Gold and 
silver contained in ore are included under gold and silver since 1>9^1. 

10 Figures are for the year 1821; no complete data for lS20or earlier years. 



4340 TERRITORIAL AJND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. [May, 

Summary of Progress of the United States in its Area, Population, and 



AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTEIES. 



1800 



ISIO 



1820 



1830 



1840 



18aO 



Imports for consumption, grouped according to 
degree of manufacture and uses: 
Food and live animals 

Per cent of total 

Crude articles for domestic industries 

Per cent of total 

Articles manufactured wholly or partially for use 
as materials in the mechanic arts. 

Per cent of total 

Articles manufactured ready for consumption 

Per cent of total 

Articles of voluntary use, luxuries, etc 

Per cent of total 

Total imports 

Domestic merchandise exported, grouped accord- 
ing TO sources of production: 
Agricultural products 

Per cent of total 

Manufactures 

Per cent of total 

Mining 

Per cent of total 

Forest 

Per cent of total 

Fisheries 

Per cent of total 

Miscellaneous 

Per cent of total 

Total domestic exports 

Imports by grand divisions of the woeld: i 

Europ? 

Per cent of total 

North America 

Percent of total 

South America 

Per cent oJ total 

Asia 

Percent of total 

Oceania s 

Percent of total 

Airica 

Per cent of total 

Exports by grand divisions of the world: 3 
Europe 

Per cent of total 

North America 

Per cent of total 

South America 

Per cent of total 

Asia 

Per cent of total 

Oceania 3 

Per cent of total 

Africa 

Per cent of total 

Transportation of foreign commerce: 
Imports- 

By sea 



(In J 
'ilnl 



I American vessels 

I foreign vessels 

Total 

Share carried in American vessels . 

By land vehicles ^ 

Total by land and sea 

Exports- 



By sea 



(In American vessels . 



[In foreign vessels 

Total 

Share carried in American vessels . 

By land vehicles * 

Total by land and sea 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



25, 590, 534 

80.37 

2, 493, 755 

7. S3 



33,448,410 

78.95 

3,951,1,54 

9.32 



» 12,482,524 

1 22.89 

1 3, 107, 564 

I 5. 70 

1 5,943,913 

1 10.90 
> 24, 527, 238 

1 44.99 
1 8, 459, 695 

1 15.52 
1 54,520,834 



41,603,749 

80.60 

3, 945, 793 

7.63 



14, 166, 201 

22.59 

5,319,143 

8.48 

4, 122, 3,S5 

6.57 

29, G15, 700 

47.22 

9, 497, 527 

15. 14 

62, 720, 956 



46, 977, 332 

80. 2T 

6,641,01'- 

11.35 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



2,228,863 

7.00 

1,098,511 

3.45 

429, 240 

1.35 

31,840,903 

46, 857, 960 
51.35 

32, 116, 092 
35.19 



2,969,403 

7.01 

1,481,000 

3.50 

616, 702 

1.22 

42, 366, 075 



3, 822, 785 

7.40 

2,2-51,000 

4.35 

60, 313 

0.12 

51, 683, 640 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



U, 560, 810 

12.67 

142,969 

0.16 

551,496 

0.60 

41,348,088 
58.26 

27, 208, 618 
38-34 



Dollars . 



Dollars. 



Dollars . 



Dollars . 



1,177,846 

1.66 

14, 112 

0.02 

1,110,374 
1.56 



46, 8.53, 851 

70.19 

16, 066, 899 

24.07 

1,611,738 

2.41 

656, 881 

0.83 

227,560 

0.34 

1,407,828 

2.11 



48,116,538 

69.04 

16,810,597 

24.12 

1,133,689 

1.63 

3,289,000 

4.72 

8,906 

0.01 

305, 968 

0.44 



Dollars .. 
Dollars . . 
Dollars .. 
Per cent. 
Dollars . . 
Dollars .. 



2,661,358 

4.54 

1, 725, 270 

2.95 

519, 938 

0.89 

58, 524, 914 

40,841,420 

57.03 

17, 548, 892 

24.76 

6, 239, 176 

8.80 

5,531,737 

7. SO 

384,887 

0.54 

308, 797 

0.44 

48,175,248 

65. 24 

18, 886, 434 

25.57 

4, 587, 391 

6.21 

1,845,224 

2.50 

93, 668 

0.13 

233,601 

0.31 



66, 035, 739 

4,481,181 

70, 516, 920 

94.2 



26, 263, 603 

26. 73 

10, 940, 065 

11.13 

9,944,728 

10.12 
34,631,990 

35. 25 
16, 478, 260 

16.77 
98,258,706 



92, 518, 067 

82. SS 

11,149,621 

9.98 



3,868,694 

3.47 

3, 198, 370 

?-87 

895, 809 

0.80 

111,660,501 

64, 146. 814 

69.87 

22, 027, 639 

21.12 

9, 420, 586 

8.79 

9, 695, 639 

9.05 

602, 447 

0.56 

646,869 

0.60 

98,930,684 

74.89 

23,737,078 

17.97 

5,969,517 

4.52 

2, 286, 290 

1.73 

454, 814 

0.-<i 

707, 563 

0.54 



92, 802, 352 

14,339,167 

107,141,519 

86.6 



Dollars . . 
Dollars . . 
Dollars . . 
Per cent. 
Dollars . . 
Dollars .. 



70, 516, 920 

63, 882, 719 

9, 966, 789 

73, 849, 508 

86.5 



107, 141-, 519 

105,622,257 

26, 463, 689 

132,085,946 

80.0 



73,849,508 



132, 085, 946 



32, 718, 076 
18.86 

18, 105, 147 
10.44 

30, 857, 522 

17.78 
65, 887, 662 

37.97 
25,941,229 

14.95 
173,509,525 



108, 605, 713 

80.51 

17, 580, 456 

13.03 

167, 090 

0.12 

4, 690, 747 

3.40 

2,824,818 

2.10 

1, 131, 409 

0.84 

134, 900, 233 

124,954,302 

70.14 

24, 136, 879 

13.55 

16, 647, 637 

9.35 

10,315,486 

5.79 

1,401,340 

0.79 

682, 151 

0.38 

113, 862, 253 

74.96 

24, 722, 610 

16.27 

9,070,724 

5.98 

3,051,720 

2.01 

208, 129 

0.14 

977,284 

0.64 



139, 657, 043 

38,481,275 

178, 138. 318 

78.4 



178, 138, 318 

99,615,041 

62, 283, 679 

161,998,720 

65.4 



151,998,720 



> Figures are for the year 1821: no complete data for 1820 or earlier years. 
* In 1870 specie is included in totals, but excluded in following years. 



s Hawaiian Islands not included since 1900. 
* Includes " All other Spanish possessions." 



1904.] TEREITOKIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSIOISr OF UNITED STAGES. 

Material Industries, by Decades, and in 1903 and 1903 — Continued. 



4341 



18C0 


1870 


1880 


1990 


1900 


1902 


1903 


area, population, and industries. 
















Imports fok con-sumptios, grocped according to 
















DEGREE OF MANUF.\CTURE3 AND USES." 


78, 338, 514 


139,213,092 


199,165,963 


288,600,646 


216, 107, 303 


205,047,442 


212, 0,57, 293 


Food and live animals. 


22. 15 


32.65 


31.72 


32.13 


26.02 


22. 79 


21.04 


Per cent of total. 


61,570,477 


66,909,565 


160,05.5,876 


178, 435, 512 


299,361,033 


328,500,597 


383,634,293 


Crude articles for domestic industries. 


17.41 


15.69 


25. 52 


23.06 


36.04 


36.51 


38.06 


Per cent of total. 


31,933,551 


63,658,290 


73, 186, 903 


84, 700, .508 


80, 575, 042 


80,645,277 


97,194,094 


Articles manufactured wholly or partially for 
use as materials in the mechanic arts. 


9.03 


12. .59 


11.00 


10.94 


9.70 


9.03 


9.04 


Per cent of total. 


123,741,C.54 


119, 298, 235 


130, 004, 643 


154,400.3.54 


130,577,155 


151,410,397 


169,259,497 


Articles manufactured ready for consumption. 


35.00 


27.93 


20.72 


19. 90 


15.72 


16.13 


16.79 


Per cent of total. 


58,025,923 


47,260,822 


65,141,826 


107,108,732 


103, 908, 719 


128,184,041 


145,814,933 


Articles of voluntary use, luxuries, etc. 


10. 41 


11.09 


10.38 


13.91 


12.61 


14.24 


14.47 


Per cent of total. 


353, CIO, 119 


426,346,010 


627,555,271 


773,674,812 


830, 519, 252 


899,793,754 


1,007,960,110 


Total imports. 
Domestic merchandise e.'cforted, grouped ac- 
cording TO sources op production: 


256,500,972 


361,188,483 


685,961,091 


629,820,808 


835,853,123 


851,465,022 


873,322,882 


Agricultural products. 


81.13 


79.35 


83.25 


74.51 


60.98 


62. 83 


62.73 


Per cent of total. 


40,345,892 


68,279,764 


102,850,015 


151,102,376 


433,851,756 


403,641,401 


407,626,159 


Manufactures. 


12. 70 


1.5.00 


12.48 


17.87 


31.65 


29.77 


29.28 


Per cent of total. 


999, 4C5 


5,026,111 


5,863,232 


22,297,7.55 


37,843,742 


39,210,112 


39,311,239 


Mining. 


0.31 


1.10 


0.71 


2.04 


2.76 


2.90 


2.81 


Per cent of total. 


10,299,959 


14,897,963 


17,321,208 


29,473,084 


62,218,112 


48, 188, 661 


67,835,696 


Forest. 


3.20 


3.27 


2.11 


3.49 


3.81 


3.55 


4.16 


Per cent of total. 


4,150,480 


2,835,608 


6,2.55,402 


7,458,385 


6, 326, 620 


7,705,065 


7,805,638 


Fisheries. 


1.31 


0.02 


0.G4 


0.88 


0.46 


0.57 


0.5G 


Per cent of total. 


3, 879, 655 


2,980,612 


0, CS9, 345 


5,141,420 


4,605,213 


5, 205, 000 


6, 429, 688 


Miscellaneous. 


1.23 


0.06 


0.81 


0.01 


0.34 


0.33 


0.46 


Per cent of total. 


316,242,423 


455, 208, 341 


823,946,353 

/ 


845, 293, 828 


1,370,763,571 


1,355,481,801 


1, 392, 231, 302 


Total domestic exports. 
Imports by grand divisions of the wokld: » 


216,831,353 


249,540,283^ 


370,821,7.82 


449,987,266 


440, 667, 314 


47.5,161,941 


547,226,887 


Europe. 


59.87 


53.98 


55. 52 


57.14 


51.84 


52. 60 


53.35 


Per cent of total. 


75,082,683 


126,644,011 


130,077,225 


148,368,706 


130,035,221 


151,070,524 


189,736,475 


North America. 


20.73 


27.42 


19.47 


IS. 84 


15.30 


16.72 


18.49 


Per cent of total. 


35,992,719 


43,596,045 


82, 126, 922 


90,000,144 


93, GOO, 774 


119, 785, 750 


107,428,323 


South America. 


9.94 


9.41 


12.30 


11.43 


11.02 


13.26 


10.48 


Per cent of total. 


26,201,603 


31,41,3,378 


67,008,793 


67, 500, 833 


139,842,330 


129,682,651 


147,702,374 


Asia. 


7.24 


0.78 


10.02 


8.67 


16.45 


14.36 


14.40 


Per cent of total. 


3,495.226 


1,423,212 


* 14,130,004 


28,3.50,508 


34,611,108 


14,166,461 


21,043,527 


Oceania. 8 


0.96 


0.31 


2.13 


3.60 


4.07 


1.57 


2.05 


Per cent of total. 


7 3,798,518 


6 9, 800, 058 


8,789,420 


3,321,477 


11, 218, 437 


13,447,615 


12,581,651 


Africa. 


1.05 


2.10 


0.56 


0.42 


1.32 


1.49 


1.23 


Per cent of total. 
Exports by grand divisions of the world: ' 


310,272,818 


420,184,014 


719,433,788 


683,736,397 


1,040,167,763 


1,008,033,9.81 


1,029,256,657 


Europe. 


77.54 


79.35 


86.10 


79.74 


74.60 


72.96 


72.48 


Percent of total. 


53,325,937 


68,962,006 


69, 437, 783 


94,100,410 


187,694,625 


203, 971, 080 


215,482,769 


North America. 


13.33 


13.03 


8.31 


10. 98 


13.45 


14.76 


15.10 


Per cent of total. 


16, 742, 100 


21,651,469 


23,190,220 


38,752,648 


38, 945, 763 


38, 043, 617 


41,137,872 


South America. 


4.18 


4.09 


2.77 


4.52 


2.79 


2.75 


2.90 


Per cent of total. 


11,007,921 


10,972,064 


11,045,703 


19,696,820 


64,913,807 


13,944,077 


58,359,015 


Asia. 


2.77 


2.07 


1.39 


2.30 


4.66 


4.63 


4.U 


Per cent of total. 


5,373,497 


4,331,991 


16,846,698 


16, 400, 269 


43,391,275 


34, 258, 041 


37,468,612 


Oceania.' 


1.34 


0.82 


0.82 


1.92 


3.11 


2.48 


2.64 


Per cent of total. 


3, 227, 760 


6 3,414,768 


15,084,460 


4,013,702 


19, 469, 849 


33, 468, 605 


38,436,853 


Africa. 


0.84 


0.04 


0.01 


0.54 


1.79 


2.42 


2.71 


Per cent of total. 
Transportation of foreign commercs: 
Imports — 


228,104,855 


153.237,077 


149,317,368 


124,948,948 


101,304,940 


102,188,002 


123,666,832 


In American vessels. 
By sea , , . 

lln foreign vessels. 


134,001,399 


309,140,610 


603, 494, 913 


623,740,100 


701,223,735 


744,760,235 


835, 844, 210 


362,100,25-1 


462,377,587 


662,812,281 


748,089,048 


805,528,675 


846,954,237 


959,511,042 


Total. 


63.0 


33.1 


22.9 


10.7 


12.9 


12.1 


12.9 


Per cent in American vessels. 






16,142,465 
667,964,746 


40,021,361 
789,310,409 


44,412,509 
849,941,184 


56,366,711 
903, 320, 948 


C-3,208,195 
1,025,719,237 


By land vehicles.' 


362,160,254 


462,377,587 


Total by land and sea. 


• 














Exports— 


!i79, 082, 902 


199,732,324 


109,029,209 


77,502,138 


90,779,252 


83,031,985 


91,028,200 


fin American vessels. 
By sea , , . 

[In foreign vessels. 


121,039,394 


329,786,978 


720,770,521 


747, 370, 644 


1,193,220,689 


1,174,203,079 


1,190,262,178 


400,122,296 


529,51.9,302 


829,799,730 


824, 878, 782 


1,283,999,941 


1,257,895,004 


1,281,290,378 


Total. 


70.0 


37.7 


13.1 


9.4 


7.1 


6.6 


7.1 


Per cent in American vessel* 






5, 838, 928 
835,038,058 


32, 949, 902 
867, 828, 084 


110,483,141 
1,394,483,082 


123,824,337 
1,381,719,401 


138,851,301 
1,420,111,679 


By land vehicles.' 


400, 122, 296 


529,519,302 


Total by land and sea. 






6 Includes " Al 


Other countrie 


3." 




»NOC 


ata prior to 1871. 



4342 



TEEEITOEIAL AISTD COMMEEOIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. [May, 

Summary of Progress of the United States in its Area, Population, and 



AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. 


1800 


ISIO 


1820 


1830 


1810 


1850 


Foreign commerce of trincifal customs districts: 

Boston rimports- 

Exports. . 

New York [Imports.. 

[Exports.. 

Philadelphia [Imports.. 

[Exports.. 

Baltimore Imports.. 

Exports.. 

New Orleans Imports.. 

[Exports.. 

San Francisco Imports.. 

Exports.. 
Farm statistics: 


Dollars 














Dollars 










































Dollars 














Dollars 






1 






Dollars 






i 






Dollars 














Dollars 














Dollars 














Dollars 














Dollars . 


























1,449,073 




Number 














Dollars 












3,967,343,580 
















Farm animals: 


Dollars 












544,180,516 

17,778,907 

4,336,719 

21,773,220 

559, 331 

30,354,213 

52,516,959 

100,485,944 

592,071,104 

2,333,718 

110,526 

50, 000, 000 

50,000 

3,358,899 


Cattle 












14,971,686 
3 4,335,609 
19,311,374 




Number 






. 






Number 










jjules 


Number 






















26,301,293 

35, 802, 114 

84,823,272 

377,531,875 

2,177,835 

69,246 

< 11,697,829 


Production of principal coboiodities: 
Wool 


Pounds 












Bushels 
























Bales 

Tons 


155,556 


340,000 


606,061 


976,845 


Cane sugar 


irp.0DUCTI0N OF PRINCIPAL MINERALS: 

Precioiis metals- 
Gold 






< 2, 463 


< 73,112 


« 564,950 








Coal 5 


Ton* 






365 


179, 734 


864,379 


















20,000 


165,000 


286, 903 


563,755 


Steel 


Tons 






Copper . 


Tons 










: 100 


650 














Manufacturing industries of the United States: 














123, 025 

957,059 

236,755,464 

1,019,106,616 


Average employees ® 














AVages and salaries paid 6 


Dollars 


























Manufactures op iron and steel: 8 






























Value of products 


























6,316,287 
322, 747 


8,157,923 
1,127,877 


20,145,067 
1,953,702 




Dollars 


52,144 


91,914 


46,552 


Tin plates: 


Production 
















Manufactures of cotton; lo 

Establishments ^ 


Number 












1,091 


Wages and salaries Daid ^ 


Dollar<i 












Value of products ^ 


Dollars 












61,869,184 

4,734,424 

20,108,719 

• 595,000 

635,381,007 

71,984,616 

269,114 


Exports 


Dollars 








1, 318, 183 
5,774,013 


3,549,607 
6, 504, 104 


Im ports 








7,812,326 


Cotton movement: 

Domestic cotton taken by United States mills 
















298,459,102 

29,674,883 

415,307 


743,9-11,061 

63,870,307 

2,774,722 












Fvaw cotton imported 


Pounds 


4,239,987 


345,223 





1 Gold values. 

2 Does not include value of products fed to live stock. 

3 Includes mules. 

1 Estimate averaged for the period. 



5 Pennsylvania anthracite shipments only from 1820 to 1S67; entire coal prod- 
uct from 1868 to 1902. 

' In addition to this it is estimated that 10,000,000 barrels ran to waste in and 
prior to 1862 for want of a market. 



1904.] TEEEITORIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 

Material Industries, by Decades, and in 1902 and 1903 — Continued. 



4343 



I860 


1S70 


1880 


1890 


1900 


1902 


1903 


AREA, POFOLATION, AND INDUSTRIES. 
















FOBEIGN COMMERCE PRINCIPAL COSTOMS DISTRICTS: 


39,333,084 


47,484,060 


68,503,136 


02,876,606 


72,19.5,939 


71,921,436 


86,310,580 


I'^PO'-'^Boston. 


12,747,945 


14,120,429 


59,238.241 


71,201,944 


112,19.5,655 


102, 404,. 304 


88,126,414 


Exports) 


231,310,086 


281,048,813 


4.59,937,153 


510,426,693 


537,237,282 


559,930,849 


018, 705, 662 


ImportsK-^,^, York. 
Exports 


80, 047, 9T8 


190,614,740 


392, 560, 090 


349,051,791 


518,834,471 


490,301,695 


605,829,604 


14,1.11,934 


14,483,211 


3.5,944,500 


53,930,315 


51,866,002 


•17,750,342 


59,99.5,431 


ImporMp^,.,^3g,p^.^_ 
Exports) 


5, 520, 967 


10,927,610 


49,649,093 


37,410,683 


78, 406, 031 


80,383,403 


73,531,908 


9,781,205 


19,512,468 


19,945,989 


13,140,203 


19,045,279 


22,825,2,81 


27, 803, 107 


I'"P°'"'^|Baltmiore. 
Exports) 


8,910,100 


14,510,733 


70, 253, .500 


73,983,093 


115,530,378 


80,532,512 


81,704,497 


20,636,316 


14,377,471 


10, Oil, 353 


14,659,163 


17,490,811 


23,763,480 


28,880,744 


Import..|jj^,^ Orleans. 
Exports 


ion, 104, 812 


107,686,952 


90,142,019 


108,120,891 


115,858,764 


134,486,803 


149, 072, .519 


7,307,016 


15,982,549 


35,221,7.51 


. 48,7.51,223 


47,869,628 


35, 102, 981 


30,454,283 


Importslg^„ Francisco. 
Exports 


4,868,090 


13,991,781 


32, 358, 929 


36,876,091 


40,308,288 


38,183,755 


33,502,616 
















Farm statistics: 


2,044,077 


2,059,985 

5, 922, 471 

18,944,857,749 

11,958,030,927 


4,008,907 

7,713,875 

12, ISO, 501, 538 


4,564,641 

8,565.926 

16,082,267,689 

2, 4G0, 107, 454 


6, 739, 057 






Farms. 


10,43,8,219 
20,514,001,838 






Persons engaged in agriculture. 


7,980,193,060 






Value of farms and farm property. 
Value of farm products. 


2, 212, 540, 927 


= 3,704,177,700 














Farm animals: 


1,089,329,915 


1,524,960,149 


1,576,917,5.50 


2,418,706,028 


2,228,123,134 


2,989,170,1.50 


3, 102, ,515, 540 


Total value. 


25,616,019 


25,484,100 


33,258,000 


52,801,907 


43, 902, 414 


61, 424,. 599 


61,704,433 


Cattle. 


6,249,174 


8,218,800 


11,201,800 


14,213,837 


13,537,524 


16,581,224 


16,557,373 


Horses. 


22,471,275 


40, 853, 000 


40,765,900 


41, 330, 072 


41,883,065 


62,039,091 


63, 964, 875 


Sheep. 


1,151,148 


1,179,600 


1,729,500 


2,331,027 


2,080,027 


2, 757, 017 


2,728,088 


Mules. 


33,512,867 


26,751,400 


34,034,100 


51,602,780 


37,079,350 


48,098,890 


40,922,624 


Swine. 
Production of prikoipal commodities. 


00,204,913 


162,000,000 


232, .500, 000 


276,000,000 


2.88,636,621 


310,341,032 


287,4,50,000 


Wool. 


173, 104, 924 


235,884,700 


498,519,868 


399,262,000 


522, 229, .505 


670,063,008 


037,821,835 


■Wheat. 


838,792,740 


1,094,2.55,000 


1,717,434,543 


1,489,970,000 


2, 105, 102, 516 


2,523,648,312 


2,214,176,925 


Com. 


4,861,292 


3,114,592 


5,761,252 


7, 311, 322 


9,436,416 


10, 680, 680 


10, 727, 559 


Cotton. 


119,040 


46,800 


92,802 


136.503 


149, 191 


310,014 


293,397 


Cane sugar. 
Production or principal minerals: 
Precious metals — 


40,000,000 


50,000,000 


36,000,000 


32,845,000 


79,171,000 


80, 000, 000 


74,42,5,340 


Gold. 


1,50,000 


10,000,000 


39,200,000 


70,485,714 


74,533,495 


71,757,575 


73,076,100 


Silver. 


18,513,123 


32, 863, 000 


63, 822, 830 


140, 866, 931 


240, 789, 309 


269,874,836 
3,728,210,472 




Coal.5 


6 21,000,000 


220,951,290 


1,104,017,166 


1,924,552,224 


2,061,233,568 




Petroleum. 


821,223 


1,66.5,179 


3,835,191 


9,202,703 


13,789,242 


17,821.307 


18,009,252 


Pig iron. 




68,750 


1,247,335 


4,277,071 


10, 188, 329 


14, 947, 250 




Steel. 


7,200 


12, 600 


27,000 


115, 966 


270,588 
1,063,020,548 


294,423 




Copper. 




218, 598, 994 


369, 319, 000 


619, 648, 925 


1,260,049,265 




Total value all mineral production in U. S. 








M.INUFACTURING INDUSTRIES OF THE UNITED STATES; 


140,433 


252. 148 

2,0.53,996 

775, 584, 343 


253,852 
2, 732, .595 


355,415 

4, 712, 622 

2, 2S3, 216, 529 


512,734 

5,719,137 

2,735,430,848 






llanufacturing establishments.s 






Average employees.' 


378,878,966 
1,885,861,676 


947,953,795 






Wages and salaries paid.s 


4, 232, 325, 442 


5,369,579,191 


9,372,437,283 


13,039,279,500 






Value of products.' 









Manufactures of iron and steel: 8 




SOS 
40,614,981 
207, 208, 696 
40,273,682 


1,005 

55,476,785 

296,557,685 

71,266,699 


719 

95, 736, 192 

478, 687, 519 


725 
134,739,004 
835, 759, 034 






Establishments. 








Wages and salaries paid. 








Value of products. 


26,158,235 


41,079,591 


20,478,728 


27,180,247 


51,617,312 


Imports. 


5,870,114 


13,483,163 


14,716,524 


25, 542, 208 


121,913,518 


98,552,562 


96,042,407 


Expq^ts. 
Tin plates: 




150, 932, 768 


379, 902, 880 


080, 060, 925 


147,963,804 


198, 996. 086 


109,913,293 


Imports. 








' 2,236,713 


677, 969, 600 


819, 840, 000 




Production. 














Manufactures of cotton: •' 


1,091 

23,940,108 

115,081,774 


956 

39,044,132 

177,489,739 

3,787,282 


756 
45,614,419 


905 
09, 489, 272 


1,055 
91,039,951 






Establishments.* 






Wages and salaries paid.8 


192,090,110 
9,981,418 


267,981,724 
9,999,277 


339. 200, 320 






Value of products.5 


10,9:M,790 


24,003,087 


32,108,302 


32,210,304 


Exports. 


33,215,511 


23, 380, 053 


29,929,300 


29,918,055 


■11,296,239 


44, 400, 126 


52, 462, 755 


Imports. 
Cotton movement: 


979, 000 


857,000 


1,795,000 


2,325,000 


3,644,000 


4, 083, 000 


3,924,000 


Domestic cotton taken by United States mills. 


1,767,086,338 


958,558,523 


1,822,061,114 


2,471,799,853 


3, 100, 583, 188 


3,600,778,763 


3,543,043,022 


Exports of domestic cotton. 


191,800,555 


227,074,624 


211,535,905 


250,968,792 


241,832,737 


290,651,819 


310, ISO, 429 


2,005,529 


1,698,133 


3,647,792 


8,606,049 


07,398,521 


98,715,080 


74,874,420 


Raw cotton imported. 



' Product of 1845. 



* No official ligures in other than census years. 



' 1891, last six months. 

1" Docs not include hosiery and knit goods. 



4344 



TEEEITOEIAL AKD COMMEECIAL EXPANSION" OF UJSITED STATES. [May, 

Summary of Progress of the United States in its Area, Population, and 



AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. 


1800 


1810 


1820 


1830 


1840 


1850 


Manufactures of wool:i 














1,675 




Dollars 


























48, 608, 779 
19, 620, 619 
18,695,294 

67 


Imports . . . 


Dollars 






5,598,634 


5, 900, 988 
669,883 


10,808,485 
9,898,740 










Manufactures of silk: 










Wnges and salaries paid 2 


Dollars 














Dollars 












1,809,476 
17,639,524 


Imports 


Dollars 








7,918,534 


9,601,522 


Raw silk imported 


Pounds 








Imports of crude rubber 


Pounds 














Sugar: 


f Pounds 








86,490,113 

4,630,922 

5.35 


120,940,747 

5,581,078 

4.61 


218,430,764 

7,556,603 

3.46 




[Dollars 








Average cost per pound in foreign countries 


Cents 








Wholesale prices of granulated, at New York 


Cents 








Total consumption 


Tons . 








69, 711 
12.1 

51,488,218 

4,227,021 

8.3 

2.98 

8,609,415 

2, 425, 018 

22.3 

0.53 

23 


107, 177 
14.1 

94,996,095 

8,546,222 

8.8 

5.06 

20, 006, 595 

5,427,010 

24.1 

0.99 

2,818 


239,409 
23.1 

145,272,687 

11,234,835 

7.6 

5.60 

29,872,654 

4, 719, 232 

14.1 

1.22 

9,021 


Consumption per capita 


Pounds . . 








Coffee; 


[Pounds 










(Dollars 








Average import price per pound at New York 


Cents 








Consumption per capita ^ 


Pounds . 








Tea: 


[Pounds 










iDoIlars 








Average import price per pound at New York 


Cents 








Consumption per capita & 


Pounds . . 








Railways: 

In operation 


Miles 








Passengers carried 










Freight carried 1 mile 


Tons 














Freight rates per ton per mile 


Cents 














Passenger cars 


Number 














Freight cars 


Nnmhpf 














American vessels: 

Built 


Tons 

Tons 

Tons 

Tons 


ior.,2ci 

669,921 
301, 919 


127, 575 
984,269 
440, 175 


51,394 
619,048 
660,065 
6 3,600 


58,560 
576,475- 
614,508 

11,106 


121,203 

899,765 

1,280,999 

54,199 


279,255 
1,585,711 
1,949,743 

1>38,266 






Engaged in commerce of Great Lalies 


Vessels passing through the Sault Ste. Marie Canal ... 


Tonnage 






Fkeight rates on wheat, Chicago to New York: 
Lake and canal 7 


Cts. per bu 














Lake and rail 
















All rail 
















CONSUSIPTION OF WINES AND LIQUORS: 

Wines- 
Consumption 


Gallons 










4,873,096 
0.29 

23,310,843 
1.36 

43,060,884 
2.62 

71,244,823 
4.17 

27.88 


6,315,871 
0.27 

36,563,009 
1.58 

51,833,473 
2.23 

94,712,353 
4.08 

20.88 


Consumption per capita 


Gallons 










Malt liquors- 
Consumption 


Gallons . . 










Consumption per capita .*. 


Gallons 










Distilled spirits — 












Consumption per capita 


Gallons 










Total consumption of wines and liquors. . . 


Proof galls.. 























Prices of staple com.modities; " 

Pig iron. No. 1, foundry, per ton 


Dollars 




































12.34 

7.87 

10.62 

45 
37 
30 


Standard slieetings, per yard 


Cents 














Cents. 












Washed Ohio fleece wool, July 1— 

Fine 










60 
50 
40 


45 
89 
33 












Coarse 


Cents 









1 Does not include hosiery and knit goods. 

2 No official figures in other than census years, 
8 Quantity not stated. 



* Does not include sugar from Hawaii and Porto Rico. 
6 Consumption per capita based on net imports, 
c From Andrews's Colonial and Lake Trade. 



1904.] TERRITORIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UiSTITED STATES. 

Material Industries, bt Decades, and in 1902 and 1903 — Continued. 



4-345 



I860 


1870 


1880 


1890 


1900 


1902 


1003 


AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. 
















Manufactures of wool:> 


1,476 
11,699,030 

73,45.1.000 
43,141,988 


3,208 


2,330 


1,693 


1,414 






Establishments. 2 


35, 928, 150 
199, 257, 262 


40,687,012 
238,085,680 


68, 397, 470 
270, 527, 511 


64,389,312 






Wages and salaries paid.3 
Value of products.2 
Import.?. 


296, 990, 484 






34,490,008 


33,911,093 


66,582,432 


16,104,446 


17,384,463 


19,546,385 


(') 


49,230,199 


128, 131, 747 


105,131,285 


165,928,455 


166,676,966 


177, 137, 790 


Raw wool imported. 
Makufactures of silk: 


139 
1,050,224 


86 

1,942,286 

12, 210, 002 


382 
9,146,705 
41,033,045 


472 
17, 702, 441 


483 
20, 982, 194 






Establishments.- 






Wages and salaries paid.a 
Value of products.2 


6, 607, 771 


87, 298, 4.54 


107, 250, 258 






32, 72U, 134 


23,904,048 


32,188,690 


38, OSO, 374 


30,894,373 


32,640,242 


35,963,652 


Imports. 




683,589 


2,662,236 


7, 317, 909 


13,043,714 


14, 230, 708 


16, 270, 000 


Raw silli imported. 




9,624,098 


16,826,099 


33, 8-12, 374 


49,377,138 


60, 413, 4.81 


56,010,571 


Imports of crude rubber. 








Sugar: 


094,838,197 


1,196,773,669 


1,829,291,684 


2,934,011,660 


4,018,080,530 


< 3,031,915,875 


44,216,108,106 


Imports. 


31,078,970 


56,923,746 


80,087,720 


96,094,532 


100,250,974 


56,061,097 


72,088,973 


4.38 


4.95 


4.18 


3.28 


2.49 


1.82 


1.71 


Average cost per pound in foreign countries. 




13.61 
607, 834 


9.80 
956,784 


6.27 
1,476,377 


6.32 
2, 219, 847 


4.46 
2,606,108 


4.64 
2,549,643 


Wholesale prices of granulated, at New York. 


428, 785 


Total consumption. 


30.6 


35.3 


42.9 


52.8 


65.2 


72.8 


71.1 


Consumption per capita. 
Coffee: 


202,144,733 


235, 256, 574 


446,850,727 


499, 1.59, 120 


787,991,911 


1,091,004,252 


916,086,380 


Imports. 


21,883,797 


24,234,879 


60,360,709 


78,207,432 


52,467,943 


70,982,155 


69,200,749 


10.8 


10.3 


13.5 


10.0 


6.7 


6.5 


0.5 


Average import price per pound at New York. 


5.79 


6.00 


8.78 


7.83 


9.81 


13.37 


10.79 


Consumption per capita.^ 
Tea: 

Imports. 


31,690,6.57 


47,408,481 


72,162,936 


83,886,829 


84,816,107 


75,679,125 


108,574,905 


8, 915, 327 


13,803,273 


19,782,631 


12,317,493 


10,5-58,110 


9,390,128 


15,059,229 


26.3 


29.4 


27.4 


15.0 


12.4 


12.4 


14.5 


Average import price per pound at New Y'ork. 


0.84 


1.10 


1.39 


1.33 


1.09 


0.94 


1.30 


Consumption per capita.^ 
Railways: 


30,026 


62,922 


93, 202 


160, 703 


194, 334 


203,132 

665,130,236 

166,624,166,024 

76 




In operation. 




520,439,082 

79,192,985,125 

93 


684,695,935 

141,162,109,413 

75 




Passengers carried. 
Freight carried 1 mile. 


















Freight rates per ton per mile. 






12,788 


21, 664 


26, 780 


27,364 




Passenger cars. 






&44,1S5 


1,099,205 


1,350,258 


1, 603, 949 




Freight cars. 










American vessels: 


214,797 


276,953 


157,409 


294,122 


393,790 


468, 833 


436,152 


Built. 


2,516,237 


1,516,800 


1, 352, 810 


946, 695 


820,094 


882,565 


888,776 


Engaged in foreign trade. 


2,807,031 


2, 729, 707 


2,715,224 


3, 477, 802 


4, 338, 145 


4,915,347 


5, 198, 569 


Engaged in domestic trade. 


407, 774 


684, 704 


605, 102 


1,003,003 


1,665,587 


1,816,511 


1,902,698 


Engaged in commerce of Great Lakes. 


403,657 


690,826 


1,734,890 


8,451,435 


22,315,834 


31,955,582 


27,730,444 


Vessels passing through the Sault Ste. Marie Canal. 
Freight rates on wheat, Chicago to New York: 


24.83 


17.11 


12.27 


6.85 


4.42 


S.25 


6.44 


Lake and canal.' 




22.0 
83.3 


16.7 
19.9 


8.5 

14.31 


6.06 
8 9.98 


5.78 
10.60 


6.17 
11.33 


Lake and rail. 




All rail. 




Consumption op wines and liquors: 
















Wines- 


11,059,141 


12,225,067 


28,329,641 


28,950,981 


30, 427, 491 


49, 754, 403 


39, 413, 201 


Consumption. 


0.35 


0.32 


0.66 


0.46 


0.40 


0.03 


0.49 


Consumption per capita. 
Malt liquors- 


101,346,669 


204,756,1.56 


414,220,105 


855,792,335 


1,221,600,160 


1,381,875,437 


1,449,879,952 


Consumption. 


3.22 


5.31 


8.26 


13.07 


16.01 


17.49 


18.04 


Consumption per capita. 
Distilled spirits- 


89,908,051 


79,895,708 


63, 626, 094 


87,829,502 


97,218,382 


107,452,151 


117,252,148 


Consumption. 


2.80 


2.07 


1.27 


1.40 


1.27 


1.30 


1.46 


Consumption per capita. 


202,374,401 


296,870,931 


606,076,400 


972,578,878 


1,349,176,033 


1,539,081,991 


1,606,645,301 


Total consumption of wines and liquora. 


6.44 


7.70 


10.09 


15.53 


17.08 


19.48 


19.99 


Total consumption per capita. 
Prices of staple commodities: ' 


22.75 


33.25 


28.60 


18.40 


19.98 


22.19 


19.92 


Pig iron, No. 1, foundry, per ton. 




106. 76 
23.98 


67.60 
11.51 


31.75 
11.07 


32.29 
9.25 


28.00 
9.00 


28.00 
11.18 


Steel rails, standard sections, per ton. 


11.00 


Middling cotton, per pound.^o 


8.73 


14.58 


8.51 


7.00 


6.05 


5.48 


6.25 


Standard sheetings, per yard. 


9.50 


12.41 


7.41 


6.00 


6.00 


5.00 


6.00 


Standard prints, per yard. 
Washed Ohio tiecce wool, July 1— . 


55 


46 


46 


33 


281 


26 


31J 


Fine. 


60 


45 


48 


37 


3U 


26i 


31J 


Medium. 


40 


43 


42 


29 


27i 


23 


27 


Coarse. 



' Including canal tolls until 1882, but not Buffalo transfer charges. 

8 For domestic consumption: local rate for exports only 9.08 cents in 1900. 

No. U 8 



» At Philadelphia. 
10 Net prices. 



4346 TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. [May, 

SmiMART OF Progress of the United States in its Area, Population, and 



AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. 


1800 


1810 


1820 


1830 


1840 


1860 


Commercial failures: 

Reported, 


Number 














Amount of liabilities 


Dollars 














Post-office statistics: 

Post-offices 


Number 

Dollars 


903 
280,804 


2,300 
551,684 


4,500 
1,111,927 


8,450 
1,850,583 


13,468 
4, 543, 522 


18,417 
5,499,985 












= 359 


«861 


1,403 




2,526 


Public schools: 

Pupils enrolled 


Number 






















Salaries paid superintendents and teachers 

Total expenditures 


Dollars 














Dollars .. 














Students in colleges, universities, and schools 
OF technology: 
Men 
















Women -, 


Number 














Total 




























473 
84,066 


993 
310, 004 


Immigrants arrived 


Number 






• 8,385 


23,322 











1 Western Union to 1885; includes Postal Telegraph 1895 to date. 

2 Figures from ISIO to 1860, inclusive, from census of ISSO. 
» 1828. 

* Figures from 1870 to date; from Kowell's Newspaper Directory, 



1904.] 



TEREITOEIAL AXD COMMEECTAL EXPANSIOK OF UNITED STATES. 



4347 



Material Industries, by Decades, and in 1902 and 1903 — Continued. 



I8C0 


1870 


1880 


1890 


1900 


1902 


1903 


AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. 


3,676 
79,807,000 

28,498 
8,518,067 


3,516 
88,242,000 

28,492 

19,772,221 

9,157,046 

< 5,871 

6,871,522 

4,077,317 

37,832,566 

63,396,656 


4,735 
65, 752, 000 

42,989 

33,315,479 

29,215,609 

9, 723 

6,867,505 

6, 144, 143 

65, 942, 972 

78,094,687 


10,907 
189, 856, 964 

63,401 
60,882,097 
03,258,762 

16,948 

12,722,581 

8,153,635 

91,836,484 

140, 606, 715 

44,926 
10,761 
55,687 
26,292 
455,302 


10,774 
138,495,673 

76,6.88 

102,354,579 

79,696,227 

20,806 

15,503,110 

10,632,772 

137,087,746 

214,964,618 

72,159 
26,764 
98,923 
26,499 
418,572 


11,615 
117,476,769 

75,924 

121, 848, 047 

89,461,8L3 

20, 150 

15,926,887 
10, 999, 273 
150,013,734 
235,208,465 

78,133 
29,258 

107,391 
27,886 

648,743 


12,069 
155,444,185 

74,109 

134,224,413 

91,391,443 

20,485 


Commercial failures: 

Reported. 

Amount of liabilities. 
Post-office statistics: 
Post-offices. 

Receipts o£ Post-Oflice Department. 
Telegraph messages sent.i 


4,051 


Newspapers and periodicals published. 
Pdelic schools: 
Pupils enrolled. 






Average daily attendance. 






Salaries paid superintendents and teachers. 






Total expenditures. 






Students in colleges, universities, and scnooLa 
OF technology: 
Men. 










Women. 






6 38,227 
13,947 

457,257 




Total. 


4,778 
' 150,237 


13,333 

8 387,203 


31,699 
857,046 


Patents issued. 
Immigrants arrived. 



» Figures for the year 1380 are for the calendar year preceding the fiscal year, and include nonresident graduates; figures of later years are exclusive of non- 
resident graduate students. 

c 1820 to 1850, total alien passengers arrived year ending September 30, excepting 1840, which is calendar year, 

^ Calendar year. 

8 Years ending June 30 to date. 



4348 TEEEITORIAL AIsTD COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES, 

PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES 



YEAE. 



1800. 
1810. 
1820. 
1830. 
1840. 
1860. 
1851. 
1852. 
1853.. 
1854.. 
18-55. . 
18.56.. 
ia57. . 
1S58.. 
1859.. 
1800. . 
1S61.. 
1862.. 
1863.. 
1864.. 
1865.. 
1860. . 
1867. . 
1868.. 
1S69.. 
1870. . 
1871.. 
1872.. 
1873.. 
1874.. 
1875.. 
1876. . 
1877.. 
1878. . 
1879.. 
18S0. . 
1881.. 
1882.. 
1883.. 
1884.. 
1885.. 
1886.. 
1887.. 
1888.. 
1889.. 
1890.. 
1891.. 
1892.. 
1893.. 
1894.. 
1895.. 
1896.. 
1897.. 
1S9S.. 
1899.. 
1900.. 
1901.. 
1902.. 
1903.. 



Area.i 



Sq. viiks. 
827, 844 
1,999,775 
2,059,043 
2,059,043 
2, 059, 043 
2, 980, 959 
2,980,959 
2, 980, 959 
2, 980, 959 
2,980,959 
2,980,959 
2, 980, 959 
2, 980, 959 
2,980,959 
2, 980, 959 
3,025,600 
3,025,600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3,025,600 
3,025,600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3,025,600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 000 
3, 025, 600 
3,025,600 
3,025,600 
3,025.600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3,025,000 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3,025,600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3,025,600 
3,025,600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3,025,000 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3,025,000 
3,025,600 
3,025,600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 
3, 025, 600 



POPULATION.^ 



Total. 



5,308,4.83 
7, 239, 881 
9, 658, 453 
12,866,020 
17,069,453 
23,191,876 
23, 995, 000 
24, 802, 000 
25, 615, 000 
26, 433, 000 
27, 256, 000 
28, 083, 000 
28, 916, 000 
29, 758, 000 
30, 596, 000 
31,443,321 
32, 064, 000 
32,704,000 
33, 365, 000 
34, 046, 000 
34, 748, 000 
35, 469, 000 
36,211,000 
36, 973, 000 
37,756,000 
38, 558, 371 
39, 555, 000 
40, 696, 000 
41,077,000 
42,796,000 
43,951,000 
45, 137, 000 
46,353,000 
47,598,000 
48, 806, 000 
50, 155, 783 
51, 316, 000 
52, 495, 000 
53, 693, 000 
54,911,000 
56,148,000 
57,404,000 
58, 680, 000 
59, 974, 000 
61,289,000 
62, 622, 250 
63, 844, 000 
65, 086, 000 
66,349,000 
67,032,000 
68, 934, 000 
70, 254, 000 
71, 592, 000 
72,947,000 
74,318,000 
76, 303, 387 
77,647,000' 
79, 003, 000 
80, 372, 000 



Per 

square 
mile. 



6.41 

3.62 

4.68 

6.25 

8.29 

7.78 

8.05 

8.32 

8.59 

8.87 

9.14 

9.42 

9.70 

9.98 

10.26 

10.39 

10.60 

10.81 

11.03 

11.25 

11.48 

11.72 

11.97 

12.22 

12.48 

12.74 

13.07 

13.42 

13.77 

14.14 

14.53 

14.92 

15.32 

15.73 

16.15 

16.57 

16.96 

17.35 

17.75 

18.15 

18.56 

13.97 

19.39 

19.82 

20.26 

20.70 

21.10 

21.51 

21.92 

22,35 

22.78 

23.22 

23.66 

24.11 

24.56 

25.22 

25.66 

26.11 

26.56 



■WEALTH.3 



Total. 



Dollars. 



7,135,780,000 



16,159,616,000 



36,068,518,000 



42,642,000,000 



Per 
capita. 



Hollars. 



307. 69 



850.20 



65,037,091,000 



9 77,000,000,000 



994,300,000,000 



1,038.67 



1,117.01 



1,235.86 



rOBLIC DEBT STATEMENT. 



Total public 

debt, les.s ca-sh 

in the Treasury. < 



Dollars. 

82, 970, 294. 35 

B3, 173, 217. 52 

91,015,506.15 

48, 565, 406. 50 

3, 573, 343. 82 

63, 452, 773. 55 

68,304,796.02 

66, 199, 341. 71 

59,803,117.70 

42 242 222. 42 

35, 586, 9.56. 56 

10, 965, 9.53. 01 

9, 998, 621. 76 

37,900,191.72 

63, 105, 234. 19 

59,964,402.01 

87, 718, 660. 80 

605, 312, 752. 17 

1,111,350,737.41 

1,709,452,277.04 

2,674,815,856.76 

2,636,036,163.84 

2,608,151,211.69 

2, 480, 853, 413. 23 

2,432,771,873.09 

2,331,169,9.56.21 

2,246,994,068.07 

2, 149, 780, 530. 35 

2,105,462,000.75 

2,104,149,153.69 

2,090,041,170.13 

2,060,925,340.45 

2,019,275,431.37 

1,999,382,280.45 

1,996,414,905.03 

1,919,326,747.75 

1,819,650,154.23 

1,075,023,474.25 

1,538,781,825.15 

1,438,542,995.39 

1,375,352,443.91 

1,282,145,810.44 

1,175,108,675.42 

1,063,004,894.73 

975,939,750.22 

890, 784, 370. 53 

851,912,751.78 

841,626,463.60 

838,969,475.75 

899, 313, 380. 55 

901, 672, 960. 74 

955, 297, 253. 70 

980,056,080.14 

1,027,085,492.14 

1,155,320,235.19 

1,107,711,257.89 

1, 044, 739, 119. 97 

969,457,241.04 

925,011,637.31 



Per 

capita 



Dollars 

15.63 

7.34 

9.42 

3.77 

.21 

2.74 

2.85 

2.67 

2.33 

1.60 

1.31 

1.14 

.99 

1.51 

1.91 

1.91 

2.74 

15.45 

33.31 

50.21 

76.98 

74.32 

69.26 

07.10 

64.43 

00.46 

66.81 

52.96 

60.52 

49.17 

47.53 

45.66 

43.56 

42.01 

40.85 

38.27 

35.40 

31.91 

28.65 

26.20 

24.60 

22.34 

20.03 

17.72 

15.92 

14.22 

13.34 

12.93 

12.64 

13.30 

13.08 

13.60 

13.78 

14.08 

15.55 

14.62 

13.45 

12.27 

11.51 



Interest-bear- 
ing debt. ^ 



Annual 
interest 
charge. 



Dollars. 

82, 976, 294 

53,173,218 

91,015,500 

48, 565, 400 

3, 573, 344 

63,452,774 

68, 304, 796 

66,199,342 

69, 803, 118 

42 242 222 

35, 586, 957 

31,762,762 

28, 460, 959 

44,700,838 

58, 290, 738 

64,610,838 

90, 3.S0, 874 

365, 304, 827 

707,531,034 

1,359,930,704 

2,221,311,918 

2,332,331,208 

2,248,067,388 

2, 202, 088, 728 

2, 162, 000, 622 

2,040,455,722 

1,934,096,750 

1, 814, 794, 100 

1, 710, 483, 950 

1,738,930,750 

1,722,676,300 

1,710,085,450 

1,711,888,500 

1,794,735,650 

1,797,643,700 

1, 723, 993, 100 

1, 639, 667, 750 

1,463,810,400 

1, 338, 229, 150 

1,226,563,850 

1,196,150,950 

1,146,014,100 

1,021,692,350 

950, 522, 500 

829,853,990 

725.313,110 

610, 529, 120 

685,029,330 

685, 037, 100 

635,041,890 

716,202,060 

847, 303, 890 

847, 305, 130 

847, 307, 470 

1,046,048,750 

1, 023, 478, 860 

987,141,040 

931,070,340 

914,541,410 



Dollars. 

3, 402, 601 

3,163,671 

5,151,004 

1,912,575 

174, 593 

3, 782, 393 

3, 696, 761 

4, 000, 298 

3, 665, 833 

3, 070, 927 

2,314,465 

1,869,446 

1,672,768 

2, 446, 670 

3,126,166 

3,443,087 

B, 092, 030 

22, 048, 510 

41,854,148 

78, 853, 487 

137, 742, 617 

146, 068, 196 

138, 892, 451 

128,459,598 

125, 523, 998 

118, 784, 900 

111,949,331 

103, 988, 463 

98, 049, 804 

98, 790, 005 

90, 855, 691 

96,104,209 

93,160,644 

94, 054, 473 

S3, 773, 779 

79, 033, 981 

75, 018, 696 

57, 300, 111 

51,430,710 

47,920,433 

47,014,133 

45, 510, 098 

41,780,530 

38,991,935 

33,7.52,355 

29,417,603 

23, 015, 730 

22, .893, 883 

22,894,194 

25, 394, 386 

29,140,792 

34,387,206 

34,387,315 

34,387,409 

40, 347, 873 

33,545,130 

29, 789, 153 

27, 542, 940 

25,541,573 



Per 

cap- 
ita. 



Dolls. 

0.04 

.44 

.53 

.15 

.01 

.10 

.15 

.16 

.14 

.12 

.08 

.07 

.06 

.08 

.10 

.11 

.16 

.67 

1.25 

2.32 

3.96 

4.12 

3.84 

3.48 

3.32 

3.08 

2.83 

2.56 

2.35 

2.31 

2.20 

2.11 

2.01 

1.99 

1.71 

1.59 

1.46 

1.09 

.96 

.87 

.84 

.79 

.71 

.65 

.53 

.47 

.37 

.35 

.35 

.38 

.42 

.49 

.48 

.47 

.64 

.44 

.38 

.35 

.32 



Gold 
coined. 



Dollars. 
317, 760 
501,435 
1,319,030 
643, 105 
1,675,483 
31,981,739 
62,614,493 
66, 846, 188 
39, 377, 909 
25,915,963 
29, 387, 968 
30, 857, 709 
32,214,040 
22,938,414 
14,780,570 
23,473,064 
83,395,530 
20, 875, 998 
22,445,482 
20, 081, 415 
28,295,108 
31,435,945 
23,828,625 
19, 371, 388 
17, 582, 988 
23,198,788 
21,032,685 
21,812,645 
67, 022, 748 
35,254,030 
32,951,940 
46, 579, 453 
43, 999, 864 
49,786,052 
39,080,080 
02, 308, 279 
90,850,890 
05, 887, 085 
29,241,990 
23,991,757 
27,773,013 
28, 945, .542 
23, 972, 383 
31,380,808 
21,413,931 
20, 467, 183 
29, 222, 005 
34, 787, 223 
56, 997, 020 
79,546,160 
89, 616, 358 
47,053,060 
76, 028, 485 
77, 985, 757 
111,344,220 
99,272,943 
101,735,188 
47,184,933 
43, 083, 971 



Silver 
coined. 



Dollars. 

224, 296 

638, 774 

501,6.81 

2,495,400 

1, 726, 703 

1,860,100 

774, 397 

999,410 

9,077,571 

8,619,270 

3,801.245 

5,142,240 

5,478,760 

8, 495, 370 

3,284,4.50 

2, 259, 390 

3, 783, 740 

1,252,817 

809, 268 

009, 917 

691,005 

982, 409 

90S, 876 

1,074,343 

1, 266, 143 

1,378,250 

3, 104, 038 

2, 504, 489 

4,024,748 

6,851,777 

15, 347, 893 

24, 503, 308 

28, 393, 040 

28, 518, 850 

27, 569, 776 

27,411,694 

27,940,164 

27, 973, 132 

29,240,968 

28,534,866 

28,962,170 

32, 086, 710 

35,191,081 

33,025,606 

35,496,683 

39,202,908 

27,518.857 

12,611,078 

8,802,797 

9, 200, 351 

5,098,010 

23,089,899 

18,487,297 

23, 034, 033 

20,001,520 

36,345,321 

30,838,461 

30,028,167 

19,874,440 



Com- 
mer- 
cial 
ratio, 
silver 

to 
gold. 



15.68 
15.77 
16.02 
15.82 
15.62 
15.70 
16.46 
15.59 
15.33 
15.33 
15.38 
15.38 
15.27 
15.38 
16.19 
15.29 
15.50 
15.35 
15.37 
15.37 
15.44 
15.43 
15.57 
15.59 
15.60 
15.57 
15.57 
15.63 
15.93 
16.16 
16.64 
17.75 
17.20 
17.92 
18.39 
18.05 
18.25 
18.20 
18.64 
18.61 
19.41 
20.78 
21.10 
22.00 
22.10 
19.75 
20.92 
23.72 
26.49 
32.66 
31.60 
30.69 
34.20 
35.03 
34. S6 
33.33 
34.68 
39.15 
38.10 



1 Exclusive of Alaska and islands belonging to the United States. 

2 Estimated for other than census years. 

3 True valuation of real and personal propertv. 

* 1800 to 1840, outstanding principal o£ the public debt January 1; 1850 to 1855, outstanding principal of the public debt July 1. 
» Figures for the years 1800 to 1855 include the total public debt. 



1004.] TERRITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPiiNSION OF UNITED STATES. 

IN ITS MATERIAL mDUSTRIES. 



4349 



MONEY IN CIRCULATION. 



Gold." 



Silver." 



Dollars. 

e 16, 000, 
27,000, 
22, 300, 
26,344, 
79,336, 
147, 395, 
175, 088, 
189, 367, 
214, 057, 
220, 862, 
231,068, 
230, 098, 
242,289, 
253,601, 
245, 660, 
228, 304, 
246,400, 
25, 000, 
25, 000, 
25,000, 
25, 000, 
25, 000, 
25,000, 
25, 000, 
25, 000, 
25, 000, 
25,000, 
25, 000, 
25, 000, 
25, 000, 
25,000, 
25,000,000 
25,000,000 
25,000,000 
110, .505, 362 
225,695,779 
315,312,877 
358,2.51,325 
344,653,495 
340,624,203 
341, 6GS, 411 
358, 219, 575 
376, 540, 681 
391, 114, 033 
376,481,568 
374,258,923 
407, 319, 163 
408,568,824 
408,63.5,663 
195,976,730 
479,637,961 
454,005,064 
517,589,688 
657,950,463 
679,738,050 
610, 800, 472 
629, 790, 765 
632, 39), 289 
617, 260, 739 



Dollars. 
000 
OOO 
000 
295 
916 
456 
354 
864 
107 
033 
024 
675 
886 
684 
724 
775 
000 
000 
000 
000 
000 
000 
,000 
,000 
,000 
,000 
,000 
,000 
,000 
000 
000 

21,055,128 
37,884,853 
65, 127, 573 
69,383,023 
68,622,345 
76,181,776 
78,783,769 
82, 125, 749 
86,351,008 
82,789,890 
98, 842, 613 
104,132,586 
105, 889, 710 
105,934,463 
110,311,336 
117, 045, 399 
120, 111, 166 
122, 399, 539 
111, 075, 619 
112. 336. 057 
112,321,3.55 
111,556,690 
122,539,886 
130,547,250 
142,050,334 
146,156,537 
154,468,577 
165,117,934 



Gold certili- 
cate.s. 



Dollars. 



15, 279, 820 

7, 963, 900 

5,759,520 

5, 029, 020 

69,807,370 

71,146,640 

126, 729, 730 

76, 044, 375 

91,225,437 

121,094,650 

117, 130, 229 

130, 830, 859 

120,063,009 

141,093,619 

92, 642, 189 

66,339,819 

48,381,309 

42, 198, 119 

37,285,339 

35,811,589 

32, 655, 919 

200,733,019 

247,036,359 

306.399.009 

377, 258, 559 



Silver 
ocrtilicates. 



Dollars. 



7, 080 
414, 480 
5,789,569 
39, 110, 729 
54, 506, 090 
72,620,686 
96,427,011 
101,530,946 
88, 116, 225 
142, 118, 017 
200, 759, 657 
257,155,565 
297, 556, 238 
307, 235, 966 
326,693,465 
326, 823, 848 
326, 990, 736 
319,622,941 
330, 657, 191 
357, 819, 312 
390,126,510 
402, 130, 617 
408,465,574 
429,643,556 
4-16,557,662 
454,733,013 



U. S. notes 
(green- 
backs). 



Dollars. 



72,865,665 
312,481,418 
41.5,11.5,990 
378,916,742 
327, 792, 305 
319, 437, 702 
328,571,605 
314,702,094 
324, 962, 638 
343,068,970 
346, 168, 680 
318,464,145 
371,421,452 
349, 686, 335 
331,447,378 
337, 899, 344 
320, 905, 895 
301,644,112 
327, 895, 457 
328, 126, 924 
325, 2.55, 427 
323,212,177 
318, 687, 211 
331,218,637 
323,812,699 
326,667,219 
308, 000, 040 
316,439,191 
334, 688, 977 
343,207.360 
309,559,904 
319,059,426 
266, 589, 602 
263,648,985 
224,249,868 
245,954,622 
284.569,022 
308,351,812 
313.971,545 
330, 045, 400 
334,291,722 
334,248,567 



National- 
bank notes. 



Dollars. 



31,235,270 
146,137,860 
276, 012, 713 
286,763,961 
294,368,873 
291,749,684 
288, 648, 081 
311,405,672 
329, 037, 005 
338, 962, 475 
310,265,644 
340, 546, 545 
316, 120, 702 
301, 289, 025 
311,724,361 
321,404,996 
337, 415, 178 
319, 746, 293 
3.52, 464, 783 
347,856,219 
330, 689, 893 
308,631,001 
307,665,038 
276,855,203 
245, 312, 780 
207, 220, 633 
181,604,937 
162.221,046 
167.221,517 
174,669.966 
200,219,743 
206.953,051 
216, 163, 122 
225.644,351 
222.990,988 
237,805,439 
300, 115, 112 
345,110,801 
345.476.616 
399, S96, 709 



Miscellanc- 

ons 
currency. T 



Dollars. 

10, 500, 000 

28, 000, 000 

44,800,000 

61,000,000 

106, 968, 672 

131,366,526 

155, 165, 251 

171, 673, 000 

188,181,000 

204, 689. 207 

186, 952, 223 

195, 747, 960 

214, 778, 822 

155,208,344 

193, 306, 818 

207,102,477 

202,005,767 

236,832,079 

257,912.620 

198,290,218 

164,648,393 

44,683,226 

30,790,406 

32, 163, 123 

33,001,113 

36,602,075 

36,414,363 

38, 103, 864 

39, 455, 189 

39, 396, 035 

38,869,067 

33,986,180 

20,241,661 

16,367,725 



40, 348, 704 

128,098,692 

152, 570, 614 

193, 616, 129 

171,388,169 

126, 935, 247 

144,429,517 

123,871,437 

112, 836, 764 

79.008,942 

47.624.538 

29. 802, 776 

19,076,648 



Total 

money in 

circulation. 



Dollars. 
26,500,000 



65 

67, 

87 

186, 

278 

330, 

361 

402 

425, 

418, 

425, 

457, 

408, 

438, 

435, 

448 

334 

596 

669 

714, 

673 

661 

680, 

664 

675, 

715, 

738 

751 

776 

764 

727, 

722, 

729, 

618, 

973, 

1,114 

1,174 

1,230, 

1, 243, 

1,292, 

1, 252, 

1,317, 

1,372 

1,380, 

1,429, 

1,497 

1,601 

1,696, 

1,660, 

1,601, 

1,500 

1,640, 

1,837 

1,904 

2,065, 

2,1 

2,249, 

2, 367 



000, 000 
100, 000 
344,295 
305,488 
761,982 
253, 605 
040, 864 
238, 107 
551,240 
020, 247 
846,625 
068, 708 
810, 023 
967, 512 
407, 252 
405, 767 
697, 744 
394, 038 
641,478 
702, 995 
488,244 
992, 069 
103, 661 
452, 891 
212, 794 
889, 005 
309, 549 
881,809 
O.S3,031 
101,947 
609, 388 
314, 883 
132, 634 
631,793 
382, 228 
238,119 
290, 419 
305, 696 
925, 969 
568. 615 
700, 525 
639, 143 
170.870 
361.649 
251,270 
440, 707 
347, 187 
701,245 
808,708 
968, 473 
434,966 
209,519 
859,895 
071,881 
150, 998 
307, 962 
390, 551 
692, 169 



Per 
capita. 



Dollars. 
5.00 
7.59 
6.94 
6.79 
10.91 
12.02 
13.76 
14.56 
15.70 
16.10 
15.34 
15.16 
15.81 
13.74 
14.35 
13.85 
13.98 
10.23 
17.84 
19.67 
20.57 
18.99 
18.28 
18.39 
17.60 
17.50 
18.10 
13.19 
18.04 
18.13 
17.16 
16.12 
15.58 
15.32 
16.75 
19.41 
21.71 
22.37 
22.91 
22.65 
23.02 
21. 82 
22.45 
22.88 
22.52 
22.82 
23.42 
24.66 
24.03 
24.52 
23.20 
21.41 
22.87 
25.15 
25.58 
26.94 
27.98 
28.43 
29.42 



NATIONAL BANKS, EEPORT JCNE ! 



Num- 
ber. 



66 
467 
1,294 
1,634 
1,636 
1,640 
1,619 
1,612 
1,723 
1,853 
1,968 
1,983 
2,076 
2,091 
2,078 
2,056 
2,048 
2,076 
2,115 
2,239 
2,417 
2,625 
2,689 
2,809 
3,014 
3,120 
3,239 
3.484 
3,662 
3,759 
3,807 
3,770 
3,715 
3,689 
3,610 
3,582 
3,583 
3,732 
4,165 
4,535 
4,939 



Capital paid 



Dollars. 



7, 188, 393 
75,213,945 
325, 834, 5.58 
414,270,493 
418, 553, 148 
420, 105, Oil 
422,659,260 
427, 235, 701 
450,330,841 
470,543,301 
490, 109, 801 
491,003,711 
501,568,564 
500. 393, 796 
481,044,771 
470, 393, 366 
455,244,415 
455, 909. 565 
460. 227. 835 
477,184,390 
500.298,312 
522,515,996 
526,273,602 
539, 109, 292 
571,648,811 
588, 384, 018 
605.851,641 
642, 073, 676 
672, 903, 597 
684,678,203 
685,786,719 
671,091,165 
658,224,180 
651,144,855 
632, 153, CM2 
622,016,745 
604,865,327 
621,536,461 
645, 719, 099 
701,990,554 
743,506,048 



Loans and 
discouuta. 



Dollars. 



5, 

70, 

362, 

550, 

588, 

6.55, 

686, 

719, 

789, 

871, 

925, 

926, 

972, 

933, 

901, 

835, 

835. 

994, 

1,144, 

1,208, 

1,285, 

1,269, 

1,257, 

1,421, 

1,560, 

1,628, 

1,779, 

1,933, 

1, 963, 

2, 127, 

2,020, 

1,944. 

2,016, 

1,971, 

1,977, 

2, 163, 

2, 492, 

2,623, 

2,956, 

3,221, 

3,415, 



466.088 
746, 513 
412,743 
3.53,094 
460, 396 
729, 546 
347,756 
341,186 
416, 668 
531,449 
657, 682 
195,672 
926,532 
686,530 
731,416 
078, 133 
875,012 
712,646 
988,919 
932, 656 
591,902 
862,936 
655,548 
547, 199 
371,741 
124, 565 
054,528 
.509, 333 
704, 943 
757, 191 
483,671 
441,315 
639, 536 
642, 012 
553, 711 
681,938 
230, 585 
512, 201 
906, 376 
859,631 
045, 751 



YEAR. 



....1800 
....1810 
....1820 
....1830 
....1840 
....1850 
....1.851 
....1852 
....1853 
....1854 
....1855 
....1856 
....1857 
....18.53 
....1859 
....I860 
....1861 
....1862 
....1863 
....1864 
....1865 
....1866 
....1867 
....1868 
....1869 
....1870 
....1871 
....1872 
....1873 
....1874 
....1875 
....1876 
....1877 
....1873 
....1879 
....1880 
....1881 
....18S2 
....1883 
....1884 
....1885 
....1S8G 
....1887 
....18SS 
....1889 
....1890 
....1891 
....1892 

1893 

....1894 
....1895 
....1896 
....1897 
....1898 
....1899 
....1900 
....1901 
....1902 
....1903 



« Gold and silver can not be stated separatelv prior to 1876. From 1862 to 1875, inclusive, gold and silver were not in circulation except on the Pacilio coast, 
■where it is estimated that the average specie circulation was about $25,000,000, and this estimate is continued for the three tollowing years under the head of gold. 
After that period gold was available for circulation. 

' Includes notes of Bank of United States, State bank notes, demand notes of 1862 and 1863; fractional currency 1863 to 1878; Tre asury notes 01 1890, 1891 to date, 
ana currency certificates, act of June 8, 1872, 1S92 to 1900. 

" Total specie in circulation. Gbld and silver were not separately stated prior to 1876. 

' Estimated. 



4350 



TEREITOEIAL AND C 







^•^ 




Pi^WSIOlSr OF UNITED STATES. [Mat, 

^ Pkogeess of the United States in' 



YEAR, 



1600 . . 
1810 . . 
1820.. 
1830.. 
1840.. 
1850.. 
1851 . . , 
1852.., 
1853 . . , 
18M... 
1855... 
1856... 
1857... 
1858.., 
1859.. 
I860.., 
1861 . . , 
1862 . . , 
1863... 
1864... 
1865... 
1866... 
1867... 
1868... 
1869... 
1870... 
1871... 
1872... 
1873... 
1874... 
1875... 
1876... 
1877... 
1878 . . . 
1879... 
1880... 
1881... 
1882... 
1883... 
1884... 
1885... 
1886... 
1887... 
1888... 
1889... 
1890 . . . 
1891 . . . 
1892... 
1893 . . . 
1894... 
1695... 
18%... 
1897... 
1898... 
1899... 
1900... 
1901... 
1902... 
1903... 



BANK CLEARINGS. 



New York. 



Dollars. 



Total, United 
States. 



DoUars. 



750, 
632, 
906, 
333, 
756, 
448, 
231, 
915, 
871, 
867, 
097, 
032, 
717, 
675, 
484, 
407, 
804, 
300, 
frM, 
461, 
855, 
061, 
597, 
289, 
508, 
178, 
182, 
565, 
552, 
293, 
092, 
250, 
374, 
872, 
863, 
796, 
660, 
053, 
279, 
421, 
230, 
264, 
350, 
337, 
853, 
368, 
964, 
020, 
753, 
833, 



455, 98' 
912, 098 
213, 3: 
226, 718 
66), 386 
005, 956 
143, 05' 
742, 758 
443,591 
597, 849 
196, 656 
384,342 
146,914 
159, 472 
283, 637 
028, 987 
539, 406 
986, 682 
369, 568 
052, 820 
927, 636 
237,902 
274, 247 
243, 701 
43S, 442 
770, 091 
123, C21 
818,212 
846, 161 
165,258 
037, 338 
791, 440 
682,210 
848, 786 
686,009 
465,529 
686, 572 
698, 770 
905, 236 
379, 870 
145,368 
379,126 
894,884 
760, 948 
413,948' 
230,771 
588, 564 
072,494; 
189, 436 
655, 910' 



52, 126, 
48, 750, 
53, 501, 
58,845, 
.57,298, 

60, ess, 

58, 880, 
45, 028, 
50, 975, 
51,935, 
54, 179, 
66,924, 
88, 828, 
84, 582, 
114,819, 
116,021, 
114,068; 



704,488 
886, 813 
411,510 
279, 505 
737,938 
572, 438 
682,455 
496, 746 
155,046 
651,7.33 
545, 030 
820, 769 
672, .533 
450,081 
792, 086 
618, 003: 
837, 569 



National 

banks 

(individual 

deposits). 



DoUars. 



> 119, 

• 398, 

533, 

539, 

575, 

574, 

542, 

602, 

618, 

641, 

622, 

686, 

641, 

636, 

621, 

648, 

833, 

1,031, 

1, 066, 

1, 043, 

979, 

1,106, 

1,146, 

1,285, 

1,292, 

1, 442, 
1,521, 
1, 535, 
1,753, 
1,556, 
1,677, 
1,736, 
1,663, 
1,770, 
2,023, 
2, 522, 
2,458, 

2, 941: 
3,098, 
3,200, 



414,239 

357,560 

338, 174 

599,076 

842,070 

307, 381 

261, 563 

110,758 

801,619 

121,775 

863, 154 

478,630 

432,886 

267,529 

632, 160 

934, 141 

701,034 

731,043 

707,249 

137,763 

020, 350 

376,517 

246,911 

076,979 

342,471 

137,979 

745, 665 

058, 569 

339,680 

761,230 

801,201 

022,007 

413, 508 

480,56; 

357, ]60' 

157, 509I 

092,758' 

837,429J 

875,772' 

993, 509I 



w 



BANK DEPOSITS. 



^ 



laving 



State banks. 



DoUars. 



Dollars. 



1, 138, 57c. 

6, 973, 304 

14, 051, ,520 

43,431,130 

50, 457, 91; 

59, 407, 453 

72,313,690 

77, 823, 906 

84,290,076 

95, 598, 230 

98, 512, 968 

108, 438, 287 

128, 657, 901 

149,277,504 

146, 729, 882 

169, 434, 540 

206,235,202 

236,230,401 

242, 619, 3S2 

282, 455, 794 

337,009,452 

392, 781, 813 

4.57,075,050 

549,874,3.58 

650,745,442 

735,046,805 

802,363,609 

864, 556, 902 

924,037,304 

941, 350, 255 

866, 218, 306 

879,897,425 

802, 490, 2! 

819, 106, 973 

891,961,142 

966,797,081 

1,024,856,787 

1,073,294,955 

1,095,172,147 

1,141,530,578 

1,23.5,247,371 

1,364, 196, .5.50 

1, 425, 230, 349 

1,524,844,506 

1,623,079,749 

1, 712, 709, 026 

1, 785, 150, 95: 

1,747,961,2.80 

1,810,597,023 

1,907,150,277 

1,939,376,035 

2,065,631,298 

2, 230, 366, 954 

2,449,547,885[l 

2,597,094,580,1, 

2,750,177,290;i, 

2,935,204,845'l, 



75, 696, 857 
109, 586, 595 
128, 957, 712 
145, 5.53, 876 
138, 188, 744 
190, 400, 342 
212, 705, 662 
230,351,352 
185, 932, 049 
259, 568, 278 
2.53, 802, 129 
2.57,229,562 
296, 322, 408 
393, 686, 226 



No data. 



Loan and 
trust com- 
panies. 



Dollars. 



110, 754, 
143, 696, 
165,871, 
157, 928, 
226,654, 
142,764, 
166, 958, 
208,751, 
261, 362, 
281,775, 
334, 995, 
325, 365, 
344, 307, 
342,882, 
447, 99.5, 
410,047, 
507,084, 
553, 054, 
556, 637, 
648, 613, 
706, 86.5, 
658, 107, 
712,410, 
695, 659, 
723, G40, 
912, 305, 
,164,020, 
,266,735, 
610,502, 
698, 185, 
814, 570, 



034 

383 

439 

658 

538 

491 

229 

611 

303 

496 

702 

669 

916 

76' 

653 

842 

481 

584 

012 

809 

643 

494 

423 

914 

795 

406 

9' 

282 

246jl 

287,1 

1031 



85,025; 
87,817, 
84, 215, 
73, 136, 
75,873, 
90,008, 
111,670, 
144,841, 
165, 378, 
188,745; 
188,417, 
214, 063, 
240, 190, 
257, 878, 
299, 612, 
336, 456, 
355, 330, 
411, 659, 
486, 244, 
471, 298, 
546, 652, 
586,468, 
566, 922, 
662, 138, 
835, 499, 
028, 232, 
271,081, 
525, 887, 
589, 398, 



Private 
banks.i 



DoUars. 



371321,100,000 
992 322,100,000 
849 243,840,000 
578183,830,000 
219139,920,000 
008182,667,235 
329 241,843,554 
295, 622, 160 



Not 
stated. 



96,580,457 
94, 878, 842 
83, 183, 718 
99,521,067 
94, 959, 727 
93,091,148 
68, 552, C9C 
06, 074, &19 
81, 824, 932 
59, 116, 378 
50,278,243 
62,085,084 
64, 974, 392j 
96,206,049: 
118,621,903, 
131,669,948 
■96]l33,217,990' 



Total. 



DoUars. 



2, 182, 
2, 150, 
2,057, 
1,901, 
1,834, 
2,134, 
2,538, 
2,755, 



512,744 
629, 791 
196, 222 
200,654 
175, 887 
234,861 
570,371 
743,582 



3,305, 
3, 419, 
3, 757, 
4,035, 
4. 165, 
4,619, 
4, 603, 
4, 621, 
4,887, 
4,916, 
5,050, 
5,725, 
0, 817, 
7, 298, 
8, 539, 
9, 204, 
9, 073, 



091,171 
343, 819 
249, 426 
622, 914 
065, 137 
373, 659 
574,603 
243, 340 
507, 042 
814,2331 
097, 84i: 
577, 345^ 
018,891 
814, 38l! 
137,332; 
795, 790' 
385, 303' 



Deposi- 
tors in 
savings 
banks. 



KumbCT. 



8,635 

38,085 

78,701 

2.51,354 

277,148 

308, 863 

365,538 

3%, 173 

431,602 

487, 986 

490, 428 

538, 840 

622, 556 

693, 870 

694,487 

787, 943 

887,096 

976,025 

980,044 

1,067,061 

1,188,202 

1,310,144 

1,466,68.4 

1,630,846 

1,902,047 

1,992,925 

2,185,832 

2,293,401 

2, 359, 8G4 

2,368,630 

2, 395, 314 

2, 400, 785 

2,268,70 

2, 335, 582 

2, 528, 749 

2,710,354 

2, 876, 438 

3, 015, 151 

3,071,495 

3, 158, 950 

3,418,013 

3,838,291 

4,021,523 

4,258,893 

4,533,217 

4, 781, 605 

4,830,599 

4,777,68: 

4,875,519 

5,065,494 

5,201,132 

5, 385, 740 

5,687,818 

6,107,083 

6,358,723 

6, 666, 672 

7,305,228 



Total net 
ordinary.^ 



Dollars. 

10,848,749 

9, 384, 214 

17,840,670 

24,844,117 

19,480,115 

43, 592, 889 

52, 5.55, 039 

49, 846, 816 

61,587,032 

73, 800, 341 

65, 350, 575 

74,056,699 

68,965,313 

46, 655, 366 

52, 777, 108 

56,054,600 

41,476,299 

51,919,261 

112,094,946 

243,412,971 

322, 031, 158 

519, 949, 564 

462, 846, 680 

376,434,454 

357,188,256 

395, 959, 834 

374,431,105 

364, 694, 230 

322, 177, 674 

299,941,091 

284, 020, 771 

290, 006, 585 

281, 000, 642 

257, 446, 776 

272, 322, 137 

333, 526, 501 

360, 782, 293 

403,525,250 

398, 287, 582 

348, 519, 870 

323, 690, 706 

336, 439, 72 

371,403,278 

379,266,075 

387, 050, 059 

403,080,983 

392, 012, 447 

354,937,784 

385,819,629 

297,7-22,019 

313,390,075 

320, 976, 200 

347,721,705 

405, 321, 335 

.515,960,020 

567, 24., 852 

587,683,338 

562,478,2331 

560, 390, 674 



Customs. 



Dollars 

9, 080, 933 

8, 583, 309 

15, 005, 612 

21, 922, 391 

499, 502 

668, 686 

017, 56S 

339,32- 

931,860 

224, 190 

025, 794 

022, 864 

875, 905 

789,621 

565, 824 

187,512 

582, 126 

056, 398 

059, 642 

316, 153 

928,261 

040, 052 

417,811 

404, 600 

048,427 

538, 374 

270, 408 

370, 287 

089, 523 

103, 834 

107, 722 

071,985 

956, 493 

170, 680 

250,048 

522, 065 

159,076 

410, 73 

706, 49 

067, 490 

471,939 

905, 023 

286, 893 

091,174 

832,742 

668,585 

522,205 

452,964 

203,355,017 

131,818,531 

152, 1.58, 617 

160,021,752 

176, 554, 127 

149,575,062 

206, 128, 482 

233, 164, 871 

238, 585, 456 

254,444 



708 
284, 479, 582 



Internal 
revenue. 



Dollars 

809, 397 

7,431 

106, 261 

12, 161 

1,682 



640, 788 
741, 134 
464, 215 
226, 813 
027, 537 
087, 589 
a56, 481 
899, 756 
098, 154 
642,178 
729, 314 
409, 785 
007, 494 
700, 732 
630,408 
581, 625| 
561,611 
009, 374I 
264, 386' 
497, 595 
720, 309 
586, 073 
498, 726 
805, 936 
823, 391 
296, 872 
881,514 
COG, 706 
086, 249 
971,073 
027, 024 
111,233 
421,672 
762, 865 
688, 574 
900, 641 
437, 162 
327, 927 
180, 664 
880,122 
810, 124 



1 Includes all private banks from 1875 to 1882; from 1887 to 1903 includes only those voluntarily reporting, estimated at one-fourth of total private banks. 

2 "Net ordinary receipts" include receipts from customs, internal revenue, direct tax, public lands, and "miscellaneous," but does not iuclude receipts from 
loans, premiums, or Treasury notes, or revenues of Post-OfUce Department. ' 

' "Net ordinary c.\pcnscs" include expenditures for War, Navy, Indians, pensions, and "miscellaneous," but does not include payments for interest, premiums 
or principal of public debt, or expenditure for postal service. I 



1904] TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 

ITS Material Industries — Continued. 



4351 









1 




nrpoRTs OF 


EXPORTS OF 


IMPORTS OF GOLD AND 


EXPORTS OF GOLD AND 






EXPENDITURES. 


Total 
num- 
ber of 


MEECBANDISE. 


MERCHANDISE. 


SILVER. 


SILVER. 






























YE.VR. 








Interest on 




pen- 




Per 




Per 












Total net 
ordinary.^ 


War. 


Navy. 


public 
debt. 


Pensions. 


sioners. 


Total. 


cap- 
ita.-i 


Total. 


cap- 
ita.' 


Gold.' 


Silver.' 


Gold.o ' 


Silver." ' 




Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Dollars, 




Dollars. 


Dolls. 


Dollars. 


Dolls. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 




7,411,370 


2,560,879 


3,448,710 


3,402,601 


64,131 




91,252,768 


17.19 


70,971,780 


13.37 










.... 1800 












5,311,082 


2,294,324 


1,654,244 


3,163,071 


83,744 




85, 400, 000 


11.80 


66,7.57,970 


9.22 










.... ISIO 












13,134,631 


2,630,392 


4,387,990 


.5,161,004 


3,208,376 




74,450,000 


7.71 


69,691,069 


7.22 


8 8,064,890 1 


8 10,4-8,059 


....1820 


13,229,533 


4,707,129 


3, 239, 429 


1,912,575 


1,363,297 




62,720,956 


4.87 


71,670,735 


5.57' 


821,140 


7,334,818 


1,422,661 


7.56,109 


.... 1830 


24,139,920 


7,095,207 


6,113,897 


174,698 


2,603,662 




98,258,706 


5.76 


123,668,932 


7.25 


3,085,157 


5,797,656 


3,703,373 


4,713,641 


....1840 


37,166,990 


9,687,025 


7,904,725 


3, 782, 393 


1,866,886 




173,509,526 


7.48 


144, 375, 726 


6.23 


1, 776, 706 


2,852,086 


4,660,627 


2,962,367 


....1850 


44,054,718 


12,161,966 


8, 880, .581 


3,696,761 


2,293,377 




210,771,429 


8.78 


188,91.5,259 


7.87 


3,569,090 


1,884,413 


22,829,913 


6,63.5,839 


....1S51 


40, 389, 953 


8, .521, 606 


8,918,812 


4,000,298 


2,401,859 




207,440,398 


8.36 


166,981,231 


6.73 


3,658,059 


1,846,983 


40,073,979 


2,600,156 


....1852 


44, 078, 130 


9, 910, 498 


11,067,790 


3, 665, 833 


1,756,306 




263, 777, 265 


10. 30 


203, 489, 282 


7.94 


2,427,356 


1,774,026 


2.5,442,8.58 


2,044,017 


....1853 


51,907,628 


11,722,283 


10,790,096 


3,070,927 


1,232,665 




297,803,794 


11.27 


237,013,764 


8.97 


3,0.31,964 


3,726,623 


40,470,260 


727,040 


....1864 


66, 310, 198 


14,648,074 


13,327,095 


2,314,465 


1,477,612 




257, 808, 708 


9.46' 


218,909,503 


8.03 


1,092,802 


2,567,010 


55,109,215 


1,138,128 


....1855 


CC,772,52S 


16,693,161 


14, 074, 835 


1,963,822 


1,296,230 




310,432,310 


11.05 


281,219,423 


10.01 


990,305 


3,217,327 


43,000,977 


741,508 


....1856 


66,041,144 


19, 1.59, 151 


12,0.51,695 


1,693,265 


1,310,381 




348,428,342 


12. 05j 


293,823,760 


10.10 


6, 631, 636 


5,807,163 


65,232,6.53 


3,904,269 


....1857 


72, 330, 437 


25, 079, 122 


14,053,205 


1,652,056 


1,219,768 




263, 338, 654 


8.85| 


272,011,274 


9.14 


11,566,068 


7,708,428 


50,002,804 


2,630,343 


....185S 


66,355,950 


23,154,721 


14,690,928 


2,637,650 


1,222,223 




331,333,341 


10.83 


292, 902, 051 


9.57 


2,125,397 


5,309,392 


61, 108, 053 


2,779,358 


....1859 


60,050,755 


16, 472, 203 


11,514,650 


3,144,121 


1, 100, 802 




353,616,119 


11.25 


333, 576, 0.57 


10.61 


2, 508, 786 


6,0U,349 


58,446,039 


8,100,200 


....186U 


62,616,056 


23,001,631 


12,387,157 


4,034,167 


1,034,000 


8,636 


289, 310, 642 


9.02 


219, ,553, 833 


6.85 


42,291,930 


4,047,681 


27, 423, 973 


2, 307, 107 


....1801 


456,379,897 


389,173,562 


42, 040, 35g 


13,190,345 


652, 170 


8,159 


189,356,677 


5.79 


190, 670. 501 


5.83 


13,907,011 


2,508,041 


35,439,903 


1,447,737 


....1862 


694, 004, 570 


603,314,412 


63,201,235 


24,729,701 


1,078,513 


14,791 


243,335,815 


7.29 


203,901,447 


6.11 


5,630,638 


4,063,567 


62, 162, .838 


1,993,773 


....1863 


811,283,679 


690,391,049 


85, 704, 904 


53,685,422 


4,985,474 


51,135 


316, 447, 283 


9.30 


158, 837, 988 


4.67 


11,176,769 


1,938,843 


100.661,634 


4,734,907 


....1864 


1,217,704,199 


1,030,690,400 


122,617,434 


77,395,090 


16, 347, 621 


85,986 


238,745,580 


6.87 


166,029,303 


4.78 


6,498,228 


3,311,844 


58,381,033 


9,262,193 


....1865 


385,954,731 


283,154,670 


43,285,662 


133, 067, 625 


15,605,550 


126, 722 


434,812,066 


12.26 


348, 859, 522 


9.84 


8,196,261 


2,503,831 


71,197,309 


14, 846, 762 


....1866 


202,947,734 


95, 224, 410 


31,034,011 


143,781,692 


20,936,552 


153, 183 


395,761,096 


10.44 


294,506,141 


7.73 


17,024,866 


5,045,609 


39,026,627 


21,841,745 


....1867 


229, 913, 088 


123,246,649 


26,775,603 


140,424.046 


23,782,387 


169,643 


357,430,440 


9.33 


281,952,899 


7.29 


8,737,443 


5,450,925 


72,396,344 


21,387,758 


....1868 


190,496,355 


78,501,991 


20, 000, 758 


130,694,243 


28, 470, 62'2 


187,963 


417,506,379 


10.46 


286,117,697 


7.29 


14,132,668 


5,675,308 


36, 003, 498 


21,134,882 


....1869 


164,421,507 


57, 655, 075 


21,780,230 


129,235,498 


28, 340, 202 


198,686 


435,958,408 


11.06 


392,771,768 


9.77 


12,056,960 


14,362,229 


33,635,962 


24. .519, 704 


....1870 


157, 583, 828 


35,799,992 


19,431,027 


125,676,666 


34,443,895 


207, 495 


520,223,684 


12. 65 


442,820,178 


10.83 


6,883,501 


14,386,463 


66, 086, 208 


31,755,780 


....1871 


153,201,856 


35,372,1.57 


21,249,810 


117,3.57,840 


28,533,403 


232,299 


626,595,077 


13.80 


444, 177, 586 


10.66 


8, 717, 458 


5,026,231 


49,548,760 


30328,774 


....1872 


180,483,637 


46,323,138 


23,526,2.57 


104, 7.50, 088 


29,3.59,427 


238,411 


642, 136, 210 


15.91 


522,479,922 


12.12 


8, 682, 447 


12,798,490 


44,856,715 


39,751,8.59 


....1873 


194, 118, 985 


42,313,927 


30,932,587 


107,119,815 


29,038,415 


236,241 


567,406,312 


13.26 


586,283,040 


13.31 


19,503,137 


8,951,769 


34,042,420 


32,587,985 


....1874 


171,529.848 


41,120,646 


21,497,626 


103,093,545 


29,4.56,216 


234,821 


533,005,436 


11.97 


513,442,711 


11.36 


13,696,793 


7,203,924 


66,980,977 


25,151,165 


....1875 


104, 857, 813 


38, 070, 889 


18,963,310 


100,243,271 


28,257,396 


232,137 


460,741,190 


10.29 


640,384,671 


11.64 


7,992,709 


7,943,972 


31,177,050 


2.5,329,232 


....1876 


144,209,963 


37,082,736 


14,959,935 


97,124,512 


27,963,752 


232,104 


451,323,126 


9.49 


602,475,220 


12.72 


20,216,234 


14,52.8,180 


26,590,374 


29, .571, 863 


....1877 


134,463,4,52 


32,154,148 


17,365,301 


102, 500, 875 


27,137,019 


223,998 


437,051,532 


9.21 


694,865,766 


14.30 


13,330,215 


16,491,099 


9,204.445 


24,53-5,670 


....1878 


161,619,935 


40,425,661 


15, 125, 127 


105, 327, 949 


35,121,482 


242,755 


445, 777, 775 


8.99 


710,439,441 


14.29 


5, 624, 948 


14,671,0-52 


4,587,614 


20,409.827 


....1879 


169,090,002 


38,116,916 


13,636,986 


95, 757, 575 


56, 777, 174 


250, 802 


667, 954, 746 


12.51 


835,638,658 


16.43 


80,768,396 


12,275,914 


3,639,025 


13,503,894 


....1880 


177,142,898 


40,466,461 


15,6.86,672 


85,508,741 


50,059,280 


268, 830 


642,664,628 


12.68 


902,377,340 


17.23 


100,031,259 


10,544,238 


2,565,132 


16,841,715 


....1881 


186,904,233 


43, 570, 494 


15,032,046 


71,077,207 


61, 345, 194 


285,697 


724,639,574 


13.46 


760,542,257 


13.97 


34,377,054 


8,095,336 


32,587,880 


16,829,599 


....1882 


206,248,006 


48,911,383 


15,283,437 


59, 160, 131 


66,012,574 


303,658 


723,180,914 


13.05 


823,839,402 


14.98 


17,734,149 


10,755,242 


11,600,888 


20,219,445 


....1883 


189, 547, 806 


39,429,603 


17,292,601 


54, 578, 378 


55,429,228 


323, 756 


667,697,693 


12.16 


740,513,609 


13.20 


22,831,317 


14, 594, 945 


41,081,9.57 


26,051,426 


....1884 


208,840,679 


42, 670, 578 


16,021,080 


51,386,250 


56,102,267 


345,125 


577,527,329 


10.32 


712,189,755 


12.94 


26,091,696 


16,650,627 


8,477,892 


33,753,633 


....1885 


191,902,993 


34,324,163 


13, 907, 888 


50,580,146 


63,404,864 


366,783 


635, 436, 136 


10.89 


679,624,830 


11.60 


20,743,349 


17,850,307 


42,952,191 


29,511,219 


....1886 


220,190,603 


38,661,020 


16,141,127 


47,741,577 


75, 029, 102 


406,007 


692,319,768 


11.65 


716,183,211 


11.98 


42,910,601 


17,260,191 


9,701,187 


26, 2%, 504 


....1887 


214, 938, 951 


38, 522, 436 


16, 926, 438 


44, 715, 007 


80,288,609 


452,557 


723, 957, 114 


11.88 


695,951,507 


11.40 


43,931,317 


15,403,669 


18, 376, 234 


28,037,949 


....1888 


240,995,131 


44,435,271 


21,378,800 


41,001,484 


87, 624, 779 


489, 725 


745,131,652 


12.10 


742,401,375 


11.92 


10,284,868 


18,678,215 


59,952,285 


36,689,248 


....1889 


201,637,203 


44, .582, 838 


22,006,200 


36,099,284 


106,936,855 


537,944 


789, 310, 409 


12.35 


8.57,828,684 


13.50 


12,943,342 


21,032,984 


17,274,491 


31,873,929 


....1890 


317, 825, 549 


48,720,065 


26,113,896 


37,517,135 


124,415,951 


676, 100 


844,916,196 


13.38 


884, 480, 810 


13.66 


18,232,567 


18,026,880 


86,362,654 


22,590,988 


....1891 


321,6-15,214 


46, 895, 456 


29,174,139 


23,378,116 


134,583,053 


876,068 


827,402,462 


12.50 


1,030,278,148 


15.61 


49,699,454 


19,955,086 


50, 195, 327 


32,810559 


....1892 


356, 213, 662 


49,641,773 


30,136,084 


27,264,392 


159,3.57,5.58 


966,012 


866,400,922 


12.73 


847, 665, 191 


12.98 


21,174,381 


23,193,252 


108,680,844 


40,737,319 


....1893 


339, 083, 874 


54, .567, 930 


31,701,294 


27,841,406 


141,177,285 


969, 514 


651,994,622 


9.41 


892,140,572 


12.85 


72, 449, 119 


13,286,552 


76,978,061 


50,451,265 


....1894 


325,217,268 


51,804,579 


28, 797, 7% 


30, 978, 030 


141,393,229 


970, .524 


731,969,965 


10.61 


807, 538, 165 


11.51 


36,384,760 


20,211,179 


66,468,481 


47,295,286 


....1895 


316,794,417 


50,830,921 


27,147,732 


3.5,385,029 


139,434,0fll 


970,678 


779,724.074 


10.81 


882,606,938 


12.29 


33,525,065 


28,777,186 


112,409,917 


60, Ml, 670 


....1896 


327,983,049 


48,950,268 


34,561,546 


37,791,110 


141,053,165 


970,014 


761, 730, 412 


11.02 


1,050,993,556 


14.42 


85, Oft, 7.80 


30,533,227 


40,361,580 


61,SH6,638 


....1897 


405,783,527 


91,992,000 


58, 823, 10-1 


37,685,056 


147,452,369 


993,714 


016, 049,6*1 


8.05 


1,231,4,82.330 


16. .59 


; 120,391.674 


30,927,781 


15,406,391 


55,105,239 


....1398 


605,175,255 


229,841,254 


63,942,985 


39,896,926 


1,39,394,929 


991,519 


697, 148, 489 


9 2'* 


1.227,023,302 


16. 20 


1 88.9.54,603 


30,675,066 


37,522,086 


56,319,055 


....1899 


447,653,458 


134,774,768 


55,953,078 


40,160,333 


140,877,316 


993, 529 


849,941,184 


10.88 


1,394,483,081 


17.96 


41,573,184 


33,256,302 


48,21W,7.59 


66,712,273 


....1900 


477,624,374 


144,615,697 


60,506,978 


32,312,979 


139,323,622 


997, 735 


823, 172, 165 


10.58 


1,487,764,991 


18.81 


66,051,187 


36, 386, 521 


53,185.177 


61,285,180 


....190X 


442,082,813 


112,272,216 


67, 803, 128 


29,108,043 


138,488,660 


999, 446 


903,320,948 


11.39 


1,3.81,719,401 


17.16 


52,021,254 


28,232,251 


48, .568. 950 


49,732,390 


....1S02 


477,542,058 


118, 619, 520 


82,618,034 


28, 356, 349 


138,425,646 


996, 545 


1,025,719,237 


12.54 


1,420,141,079 


17.32 


44,982,027 


24,163,491 


47,090,595 


44,250,259 


....1903 



« Based on total imports prior tn 1866, after that on imports for consumption only. 

s Based on total cxport-s prior to I,%0, after tliat on <lomestie exports only. , , , , .. ,., . i.. 

Domestic exports of gold and silver can not be .sei):inUciy stated prior to 1864, but it is probable that the greater portion of the exports wot golfl. 

' Gold and silver contained in ore are included under gold and silver since 1894. 

8 1821. 

' individual and other. 



4352 TEEEITOEIAL A^B COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. [May, 

Progress of the United States in 



YEAKS. 



1800. 
1810. 
1820. 
1830. 
1840. 
1850. 
1851 . 
1852. 
1S53. 
1854. 
1855., 
1856 . 
1857., 
1858., 
1859 . , 
I860.. 
1861.. 
1862.. 
1863.. 
1864.. 
1865.. 
1866 . . 
1867.. 
186S . . 
1869.. 
1870.. 
1871.. 
1872.. 
1873 . . 
1874 . . 
1875 . . 
1876.. 
1877 . . 
1878 . . 
1879 . . 
ISSO.. 
1881.. 
1882 . . 
1883.. 
1884 . . 
1885.. 
1886.. 
1887.. 
1888.. 
1889 . . 
1890 . . 
1891 . . 

1892 . . 

1893 . . 

1894 . . 

1895 . . 
1890 . . 



1898 . 
1899. 
1900. 
1901. 
1902. 
1903. 



IMPORTED MERCHANDISE ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION, GROUPED ACCORDING TO DEGREE OF MANrFACTURE AND USES. 



Food and live animals. 



Dollars. 



1 12,482,524 
14,166,201 

26. 263. 663 
32,718,076 
42,098,418 
46, 997, 563 
50, 140, 103 
49,088,455 
54,010,827 
63,289,074 
87,151,811 
62, 127, 732 
78, 193, 037 
78,338,614 
71,432,680 
51,739,708 
50, 763, 147 

73. 429. 664 
58,275,011 
96,328,589 

104,208,776 
122,564,820 
140,883,213 
139,213,092 
157, 755, 621 
189, 830, 520 
197,185,079 
209, 815, 369 
196,311,459 
181,036,364 
194, 397, 068 
180,679,218 
178, 600, 673 
199, 165, 903 
216,356,337 
230,121,507 
214,399,370 
224,726,255 
194,266,360 
196,206,228 
211,456,819 
219, 395, 376 
240, 666, 693 
248, 600, 646 
290, 376, 776 
299, 668, 507 
269, 277, 229 
275,831,974 
226,422,171 
228,906,058 
251,657,954 
170, 745, 733 
207,468,197 
210, 107, 303 
213, 933, 490 
205,047,442 
212,057,293 



Per cent 
0/ total. 



1 22.89 
22.59 
26.73 
18.86 
19.97 
22.66 
19.01 
16.48 
20.96 
20.39 
25.01 
23.58 
23.60 
22.15 
24.69 
27.32 
20.86 
23.20 
24.41 
22.16 
26.33 
34.29 
33.74 
32.65 
30,36 
30.36 
30.74 
37.00 
36.84 
39.33 
43.09 
41.34 
40.11 
31.72 
33.25 
32.13 
30.59 
33.66 
33.52 
31.38 
30.94 
30.80 
32.45 
32.13 
33.98 
36.83 
31.89 
43.33 
30.97 
30.13 
32.27 
29.08 
30.27 
26.02 
26.48 
22.79 
21.04 



Crude articles for 
domestic industries. 



BoUars. 



• 3,107,564 

5, 319, 143 

10,940,065 

18, 105, 147 

23,976,953 

22,402,473 

27,007,958 

36, 323, 681 

42, 785, 531 

49,212,486 

55,902,846 

51,150,364 

57, 702, 453 

61,570,477 

51,938,727 

44,931,572 

C2, 937, 017 

78, 610, 960 

68, 630, 164 

84,881,434 

55,426,088 

63,523,065 

66,872,595 

66, 909, 565 

88, 082, 906 

113, 814, 918 

117, 364, 895 

85,095,889 

86,710,272 

73,347,070 

73, 236, 833 

75,989,639 

77, 994, 431 

160,055,876 

149, 499, 047 

IM, 055, 776 

149,165,775 

138.496,741 

119,609,342 

144,052,022 

165,931,692 

168. 029, 649 

172, 134, 716 

178,435,512 

195, 917, 620 

197, 840, 369 

218, 310, 959 

126, 643, 273 

187, 482, 743 

201, 850, 498 

207, 268, 155 

188, 940, 718 

218, 110, 941 

299,351,033 

270,701,511 

328, 506, 597 

383, 634, 293 



Per cent 
of total. 



1 6.70 
8.48 
11.13 
10.44 
11.37 
10.80 
10.24 
12.20 
16.60 
15.85 
16.04 
19.46 
17.42 
17.41 
17.95 
23.73 
25.86 
24.84 
28.75 
19.62 
14.01 
14.97 
16.02 
15.69 
16.95 
18.20 
18.30 
15.01 
16.27 
15.94 
16.24 
17.39 
17.51 
25.52 
22.98 
22.91 
21.29 
20.75 
20.64 
23.04 
24.28 
23.59 
23.22 
23.06 
22.93 
24.32 
26.85 
19.89 
25.64 
26.57 
26.26 
32.16 
31.82 
36.04 
33.51 
36.51 
38.06 



Articles manufactured 
wholly or partially 

for use as materials in 
the mechanic arts. 



DoUars. 



1 5,943,913 
4, 122, 385 
9,944,728 
30,857,522 
24,442,845 
25, 230, 670 
38,316,844 
36,969,093 
26, 516, 837 
30, 983, 057 
30,759,201 
23,007,186 
36, 728, 908 
31, 939, 551 
26, 994, 548 
19,207,269 
23,211,480 
30, 747, 660 
23, 030, 711 
43,629,293 
68,251,061 
45,430,796 
42,997,704 
53,658,296 
66, 452, 143 
64, 178, 308 
72,444,420 
69, 488, 107 
64,523,279 
43, 835, 478 
43, 984, 728 
40, 932, 686 
42, 770, 173 
73, 186, 963 
68,072.504 
79,225,856 
88,613,135 
82,150,366 
72,456,952 
78, .544, 473 
79, 655, 324 
84, 706. 262 
84,354,509 
&4, 700, 568 
109,262,430 
80,479,597 
94,604,856 
65,720,999 
83,768,478 
79,451,708 
69,822,999 
68, 170, 755 
60, 062, 540 
80, 675, 042 
74,866,686 
86, 645, 277 
97, 194, 094 



Percent 
of total. 



1 10.90 

6.57 

10.12 

17.78 

11.60 

12.16 

14.64 

12.41 

10.28 

9.99 

8.83 

8.73 

11.08 

9.03 

9.33 

10.14 

9.54 

9.72 

9.65 

10.03 

14.72 

12.71 

10.30 

12.59 

10.86 

10.27 

11.29 

10.49 

10.23 

9.52 

9.76 

9.37 

9.60 

11.66 

10.46 

11.06 

12.64 

12.31 

12.50 

12.56 

11.66 

11.90 

11.38 

10.94 

12.79 

9.89 

11.20 

10.32 

11.46 

10.46 

8.85 

9.91 

8.76 

9.70 

9.27 

9.63 

9.64 



Articles manufactured 
ready for consumption. 



Dollars. 



I 24,527,238 

29, 615, 700 

34, 631, 990 

65, 887, 552 

78. 862, 769 

75,186,703 

98, 078, 864 

119,098,763 

89,068,456 

109, 617, 290 

117, 285, 862 

82,357,033 

102, 169, 213 

123,741,654 

93, 460, 429 

54,767,647 

80, 735, 071 

93,509,614 

65,921,056 

149, 688, 450 

136,390,850 

98, 824, 904 

124,154,784 

119, 298, 235 

158 145, 707 

190, 770, 694 

190, 838, 340 

158,734,698 

141,102,412 

113, 106, 646 

95,845,420 

97, 288, 683 

98,411,793 

130, 004, 643 

144,229,903 

158, 166, 708 

162, 408, 888 

134,050,878 

119,027,569 

126, 270, 855 

136, 038, 771 

144,790,885 

147, 596. 641 

1.54,469,354 

147,428,403 

142,074,936 

153, 813, 885 

99, 320. 455 

140,773,811 

160,203,601 

165,021,884 

94,709,211 

110, 735, 447 

130, 577, 155 

135,754,499 

151, 410, 397 

169, 259, 497 



Per cent 
of total. 



> 44.99 

47.22 
35.25 
37.97 
37.42 
36.26 
37.18 
40.00 
34.55 
35.31 
33.66 
31.27 
30.84 
35.00 
32.31 
28.93 
33.18 
29.65 
27.61 
34.43 
34.46 
27.65 
29.74 
27.98 
30.43 
30.51 
29.75 
27.99 
26.48 
24.67 
21.25 
22.26 
22.10 
20.72 
22.17 
22.08 
23.17 
20.08 
20.54 
20.19 
19.90 
20.33 
19.91 
19.96 
17.25 
17.46 
18.22 
15.60 
19.25 
21.09 
20.91 
16.15 
16.15 
15.72 
16.81 
16.13 
16.79 



Articles of voluntary 
use, luxuries, etc. 



DoUars. 



» 8,469,595 
9,497,527 
16,478,260 
25,941,229 
41,390,444 
37, 622, 989 
50,203,496 
56,323,802 
45, 397, 057 
57, 330, 403 
67, 328, 622 
44,696,239 
56, 539, 730 
68, 025, 923 
45, 484, 158 
18, 710, 585 
25, 689, 100 
40, 149, 796 
22,888,638 
60,281,300 
41,484,321 
37,092,865 
42, 598, 083 
47,266,822 
59, 173, 505 
66, 639, 909 
63, 625, 122 
53,941,986 
54, 206, 601 
48, 980, R15 
43,599.041 
42,148,692 
47,551,079 
65,141,825 
72,461,208 
84,644,099 
86,242.505 
88,151,149 
74, 219, 831 
80,235,236 
90,336,345 
95, 326, 454 
96, 678, 839 
107, 468, 732 
111,534,342 
93,537,936 
108, 447, 655 
60, 097, 719 
92,714,887 
89,282,219 
92, 480, 037 
74,587,283 
89,064,764 
103, 908, 719 
112, 507, 715 
128,184,041 
145, 814, 933 



Per cent 
of total. 



1 15.52 
15.14 
16.77 
14.95 
19.64 
18.13 
19.03 
18.91 
17.61 
18.46 
16.46 
16.96 
17.06 
16.41 
15.72 

9.88 
10.56 
12.69 

9.68 



Total. 



DoUars. 



13.86 


10.48 


10.38 


10.20 


11.09 


11.40 


10.66 


9.92 


9.51 


10.18 


10.64 


9.67 


9.64 


10.68 


10.38 


11.14 


11.82 


12.31 


13.20 


12.80 


12.83 


13.22 


13.38 


13.04 


13.91 


13.05 


11.50 


12.84 


10.86 


12.68 


11.75 


11.72 


12.70 


13.00 


12.51 


13.93 


14.24 


14.47 



154,520,834 
62, 720, 956 
98, 258, 706 
173, 509, .526 
210,771,429 
207,440,398 
263,777,265 
297, 803, 794 
257, 808, 708 
310, 432, 310 
348, 428, 342 
263, 338, 554 
331,333,311 
353, 616, 119 
289, 310, 542 
189, 356, 681 
243,335,815 
316, 447, 283 
238, 745, 580 
434,812,066 
395,761,096 
357. 436, 440 
417, 506, 379 
426,346,010 
519,609,882 
625.234,355 
641,457,856 
567, 076, 049 
532,8->4,023 
460, 306, 373 
451,063,090 
437, 038, 818 
445, 328, 149 
627, 655, 271 
650,618,999 
716,213,946 
700, 829, 673 
667, 575, 389 
679,580,051 
625, 308, 814 
663, 418, 981 
712,248,626 
741,431,398 
773,674,812 
854, 519, 577 
813,601,345 
844,454,584 
636, 614, 420 
731,162,090 
759,694,084 
789,251,030 
587,153,700 
685,441,892 
830, 519, 252 
807,763,301 
899,793,754 
1,007,960,110 



1 Figures are for the year 1821; no complete data for the year 1820 or earlier years. 



1904.] TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 

ITS Material Industries— Continued. 



4353 



DOMESTIC MERCHANDISE EXPORTED, GROUPED ACCORDING TO SODRCES OP PRODUCTION. 



Agriculture. 



Exporti of 

doniestio 

manufactures. 



Mining. 



Forest. 



Fisheries. 



Miscellaneous. 



Total 

exports of 

domestic 

merchandise. 



YEARS. 



Dollars. 
25, .590, 534 
33,448,416 
41,603,749 
46, 977, 33'J 
92, .548, 067 
108,605,713 
145, 903, 778 
124,375,887 
154,239,296 
170, 716, 858 
145, 423, 788 
218,290,649 
227,558,727 
201,632,408 
222, 909, 718 
256, 560, 972 
149, 492, 026 
135,143,076 
174,580,806 
147,705,862 
156,062,846 
382,770,457 
289,981,616 
276,254,779 
267, 236, 930 
361,188,483 
368,466,011 
368, 796, 625. 
446, 900, 004 
501,371,601 
430, 306, 560 
456,113,515 
459, 734, 148 
530, 192, 873 
516, 476, 703 
685,961,091 
730,394,943 
652, 219, 819 
619, 269, 449 
536,315,318 
530, 172, 966 
484,964,596 
623,073,798 
500,810,086 
532,141,490 
629,820,808 
642,751,344 
798,328,232 
615, 382, 986 
628,363,038 
653,210,026 
569, 879, 297 
683,471,139 
853, 683, 570 
784,776,142 
835, 8.58, 123 
943,811,020 
851,465,622 
873, 322, 882 



Per ct. 
njiotal. 

80.37 

78.95 

80.60 

80.27 

82.88 

80.51 

81.68 

80.28 

81.23 

79.28 

75.45 

81.93 

81.59 

80.22 

80.07 

81.13 

72.96 

74.24 

69.86 

67.30 

60.46 

81.78 

75.17 

74.55 

72.02 

79.35 

77.07 

77.41 

77.69 

79.16 

76.95 

76.67 

72.63 

77.07 

78.12 

83.26 

82.63 

76.31 

77.00 

73.98 

72.96 

72.82 

74.41 

73.23 

72.87 

74.51 

73.69 

78.69 

74.06 

72.28 

69.73 

06.02 

06.23 

70.64 

65.19 

60.98 

64.02 

02.83 

62. 73 



Dollars. 
2, 493, 755 
3,951,154 
3, 946, 793 
6,641,016 
11,149,021 
17,680,4.66 
22, 700, 096 
21,327,247 
24,721,560 
27,834,864 
29,854,384 
31,492,616 
31,505,280 
30,051,516 
33,884,223 
40,345,892 
35,953,174 
25,948,374 
41,193,721 
40,694,587 
59, 036, 644 
49,511,306 
00, 895, 391 
59,541,972 
66.052,506 
68, 279, 764 
83, 886, 461 
72, 727, 110 
88,789,758 
92, 353, 848 
92, 678. 814 
101,637,648 
133,933,549 
123, 807, 196 
117,015,729 
102, 866, 015 
114, 233, 219 
134, 794, 346 
134,228,083 
136, 372, 887 
147,187,527 
136, Ml, 978 
136, 735, 106 
130,300,087 
138, 675, 507 
161,102,376 
163, 927, 315 
159,510,937 
168,023,118 
183, 728, 808 
183,595,743 
228,571,178 
277, 285, 391 
290,697,354 
339,592,116 
433,851,756 
410,932,524 
403,641,401 
407,520,169 



Per ct. 
ojiotal. 

7.83 

9.32 

7.63 

11.35 

9.98 

13.03 

12.71 

13.77 

13. 02 

12.93 

15.49 

11.82 

11.30 

11.96 

12.16 

12.70 

17.55 

14.26 

16.48 

18.49 

22.78 

10.68 

15.79 

16.07 

17.80 

15.00 

17.55 

15.27 

15.44 

14.68 

16.57 

17.08 

21.15 

17.79 

16.72 

12.48 

12.92 

18.38 

16.69 

18.81 

20.25 

20.60 

19.46 

19.05 

18.99 

17.87 

19.37 

15.61 

19.02 

21.14 

23.14 

26.48 

26.87 

24.02 

28.21 

31.65 

28.14 

29.77 

29.28 



Dollars. 



Perct. 

ojtotal. 



167, 090 
864,116 
906,371 
1, 130, 626 
1,711,847 
2, 370, 435 
2, 180, 721 
2, 042, 437 
1,624,362 
1,768,459 
999,466 
2, 885, 264 
4,2.64,469 
6,154,815 
6, 480, 676 
10,791,675 
9, 940, 927 
5, 109, 946 
5, 175, 608 
5,881,965 
5,026,111 
5, 363, -118 
6, 323, 607 
6, 920, 159 
6, 905, 326 
6,469,181 
7, 122, 989 
8, 770, 769 
6,732,119 
6,405,813 
6,803,232 
7,401,282 
8, 176, 692 
10, 446, 719 
15, 022, 255 

15. 797. 885 
13, 654, 286 
11,758,662 
17, 993, 895 
19,947,513 
22,297,765 
22,054,970 

20. 692. 886 
20, 020, 026 
20, 449, 598 
18, 509, 814 
20,045,654 
20,804,573 
19,410,707 
28, 15B, 174 
37, 843, 742 
39, 207, 876 
39,216,112 
39,311,239 



0.12 

.49 

.58 

.60 

.79 

1.23 

.81 

.73 

.64 

.63 

.31 

1.41 

2.34 

2.46 

2.96 

4.17 

2.12 

1.32 

1.39 

1.69 

1.10 

1.12 

1.12 

1.20 

1.09 

1.15 

1.20 

1.39 

.97 

.92 

.71 

.84 

1.11 

1.30 

2.07 

2.18 

2,05 

1.67 

2.63 

2.73 

2.64 

2.53 

2.04 

2.41 

2.35 

2.33 

2.32 

2.01 

1.60 

2.34 

2.76 

2. 68 

2.90 

2.81 



Dollars. 
2,228,863 
2, 969, 403 
3,822,786 
2,661,358 
S, 868, 694 
4, 590, 747 
4,188,035 
4,400,741 
4,704,394 
8,636,423 
8,879,743 
7,474,064 
10,411,894 
10, 679, 417 
11,396,163 
10, 299, 959 
7, 286, 605 
6, 565, 599 
8,901,671 
10, 106, 386 
14,858,193 
13,454,440 
15, 636, 599 
16,579,791 
16,115,298 
14,897,963 
13, 338, 992 
18,384,081 
22, 358, 112 
23,627,164 
19, 165, 907 
18, 076, C68' 
19,943,290 
17, 750, 396 
16, 336, 943 
17,321,268 
19, 486, 051 
26, 680, 264 
28,636,199 
26, 222, 959 
22,014,839 
20,961,708 
21, 126, 273 
23,991,092 
26,997,127 
29, 473. 084 
28,715,713 
27,957,423 
28,127,113 
28,000,029 
28,576,235 
33,718,204 
40,489,321 
37, 900, 171 
42,126,889 
52,218,112 
64,317,294 
48, 188, 661 
57,835,896 



Per ct. 
ojtotal. 

7.00 

7.01 

7.40 

4.54 

3.47 

3.40 

2.34 

2.84 

2.48 

4.01 

4.61 

2.80 

3.73 

4.21 

4.09 

3.26 

3.55 

3.61 

3.56 

4.60 

6.73 

2.88 

4.06 

4.48 

4.34 

3.27 

2.79 

3.86 

3.88 

3.73 

3.43 

3.04 

3.14 

2.55 

2.34 

2. a 

2.20 

8.50 

3.66 

3.62 

3.03 

3.15 

3.01 

3.51 

3.70 

3.49 

3.29 

2.75 

3.38 

3.22 

3.61 

3.91 

3.92 

3.13 

3.49 

3.81 

3.72 

3.66 

4.16 



Dollars, c 


1,098 


511 


1,481 


000 


2,251 


000 


1,725 


270 


3,198 


370 


2,824 


818 


3,098 


775 


2,139 


244 


3,166 


813 


2,966 


310 


3,380 


431 


3,308 


348 


3,704 


623 


3,484 


283 


4,416 


696 


4,156 


480 


4,307 


608 


3,922 


817 


4,979 


060 


4,290 


819 


4,794 


989 


3,360 


865 


3,655 


565 


3,710 


000 


2,990 


302 


2,83:5 


508 


2,976 


701 


3,439 


661 


3,454 


426 


3,666 


743 


4,874 


660 


5,806 


445 


5,737 


879 


6,434 


182 


6,282 


368 


5,255 


402 


5,656 


439 


6,197 


752 


6,276 


375 


6,614 


111 


6,956 


122 


6,138 


806 


5,166 


775 


5,618 


652 


7,106 


388 


7,468 


386 


6,208 


677 


6,403 


687 


6,541 


378 


4,261 


920 


6,328 


807 


6,850 


392 


6,477 


951 


5,435 


483 


6,992 


999 


6,320 


620 


7,683 


353 


7,705 


006 


7,805 


638 



Per ct. 
ojtotal. 

3.46 

3.50 

4.35 

2.95 

2.87 

2.10 

1.73 

1.38 

1.67 

1.38 

1.75 

1.25 

1.33 

1.39 

1.00 

1.31 

2.10 

2.15 

2.00 

1.95 

1.85 

.76 

.95 

1.00 

.81 

.62 

.62 

.72 

.60 

.67 

.87 

.98 

.91 

.92 

.90 

.64 

.63 

.85 

.78 

.77 

.82 

.77 

.73 

.82 

.97 

.88 

.71 

.53 

.67 

.49 

.67 

.79 

.63 

.45 

.60 

.46 

.53 

.67 

.56 



Dollars. 


429 


240 


616 


702 


60 


313 


619 


938 


895 


809 


1,131 


409 


1,864 


739 


1,781 


657 


1,906 


473 


3,461 


998 


2,842 


344 


3,691 


653 


3,683 


852 


3,980 


047 


4,016 


821 


3,879 


655 


4,974 


939 


6,190 


533 


14,081 


363 


10, 323 


411 


12,980 


716 


8,802 


908 


10, 466 


915 


9,293 


588 


12,768 


148 


2,980 


512 


4,083 


709 


7,750 


494 


6,804 


658 


6,615 


786 


6,742 


506 


6,160 


550 


4,861 


219 


4,833 


164 


7,021 


186 


6,689 


346 


6,854 


013 


6,271 


859 


5,366 


807 


5,417 


322 


5,654 


607 


4,713 


156 


5,173 


310 


5,218 


392 


6,414 


679 


5,141 


420 


3,612 


364 


3,838 


947 


3,936 


164 


4,400 


944 


4,171 


974 


4,135 


762 


3,479 


228 


3,164 


628 


3,286 


872 


4,665 


218 


4,510 


710 


5,266 


000 


6,429 


688 



Per ct. 
ojtotal. 

1.36 

1.22 

.12 

.89 

.80 

.84 

1.05 

1.15 

1.00 

1.61 

1.47 

1.39 

1.32 

1.68 

1.46 

1.23 

2.43 

3.40 

5.64 

4.70 

5.01 

1.88 

2.71 

2.61 

3.44 

.66 

.85 

1.62 

1.19 

.87 

1.03 

1.03 

.77 

.70 

1.00 

.81 

.78 

.85 

.67 

.75 

.76 

.71 

.73 

.76 

.74 

.61 

.41 

.38 

.47 

.62 

.62 

.48 

.34 

.26 

.27 

.34 

.31 

.■Ss 

.46 



Dollars. 

31,840,903 
366, 675 
683,640 
521, 914 
660, 561 
900, 233 
620, 138 
931,147 
869, 162 
328, 300 
751, 135 
438, 051 
906, 713 
351,033 
392, 080 
242, 423 
899, 616 
024, 868 
891,436 
.561,637 
125,063 
040,903 
746, 032 
555, 738 
045, 149 
208, 341 
115,292 
421,178 
227,017 
339, 368 
237, 638 
917, 715 
980,854 
749, 930 
538, 742 
946, 363 
925,947 
239,732 
223,032 
961,852 
682, 946 
964, 529 
022,923 
862, 104 
282,609 
293,828 
270,283 
732,011 
030, 785 
204, 937 
392,699 
200,487 
007,603 
291,913 
931,222 
763,571 
462, 806 
481,861 
231,302 



42, 
61 
68, 
111 
134 
178, 
154 
189, 
215, 
192, 
266, 
278, 
261, 
278, 
316, 
204 
182, 
219, 
219, 
259, 
468, 
385, 
370, 
371, 

455; 

478, 

476, 

675, 

633, 

559, 

594 

632, 

695, 

699, 

823, 

883, 

733, 

804 

724 

726, 

665, 

703, 

683, 

730, 

845, 

872, 

1,015, 

831 

869 

793, 

663 

1,032 

1,210, 

1,203, 

1,370, 

1,460, 

1,355, 

1,392, 



..1800 
..1810 
. . 1820 
..1830 
. . 1840 
..1850 
..1851 
. . 1862 
. . 1853 
..1854 
..1855 
..1856 
.. 18.57 _ 
..1858 
. . 1859 
. . 1860 
. . 1861 
. . 1862 
. . ISff 
..1861 
..1865 
. . 1866 
. . 1807 
..1868 
. . 1869 
. . 1870 
. . 1871 
. . 1872 
. . 1873 
. . 1874 
..1875 
..1876 
. . 1877 
. . 1878 
. . 1879 
..1880 
. . 1881 
..1882 
..1883 
..ISM 
..1885 
..1886 
..1887 
..18SS 
..1889 
. . 1890 
..1891 
. . 1892 
. . 1893 
. . 1894 
. . 1895 
. . 1896 
. . 1897 
.. 1898 
..1899 
..1900 
..1901 
. . 1902 
..1903 



No. 11- 



I 



4354 TEKRITOEIAL AND COISIMEECIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. [May, 

Progress of the United States in 



YEARS. 



1800... 
1810... 
1820... 
1830... 
1840... 
1850... 
1851... 
1852... 
1853... 
1854... 
1855... 
1866... 
1857... 
1858... 
1859... 
1860. . . 
1861... 
1862... 
1863... 
1861. . . 
1855... 
1866... 
1867... 
1868... 
1869... 
1870 2 . 
1871... 
1872... 
1873... 
1874... 
1875... 
1876. . . 
1877... 
1878 » . 
1879... 
1880... 
1881... 
1882... 
1883... 
1884... 
1885... 
1886... 
1887... 
1888... 
1889... 
1890... 
1891... 
1892... 
1893... 
1894... 
1895... 
1896... 
1897... 
1898... 
1899... 
1900... 
1901... 
1902... 
1903. . . 



COMMERCE BY GEAND DIVISIONS OF THE WOULD. 



Imports into the United States from — 



Europe. 



Dollars. 
46, 857, 960 



Per cnU 
of tutal. 

51.35 



North America. 



Dollars. 
32,U0,092 



Per cent 
0/ total. 

35.19 



South America. 



Dollars. 



Per cent 
0/ total. 



Dollars. 
11, 560, 810 



Per cent 
of total. 

12.67 



Oceania. 1 



Dollars. 
142, 969 



Per cent 
of total. 

0.16 



Africa. 



Dollars. 
551,496 



Per cent 
of total. 

0.60 



40, 841, 420 
64, 140, 814 
124, 954, 302 
149, 699, 558 
136, 182, 615 
190,537,930 
213, 735, 309 
165, 079, 384 
199, 140, 423 
211,280,001 
161,485,023 
201,650,311 
216,831,353 

203. 682. 864 
116, 982, 504 
148, 292, 951 
179,731,049 
109, 003, 019 
266, 2C6, 170 
253,070,735 
198,907,488 
244, 939, 755 
249, 540, 283 
297,369,849 
365, 300, 332 
361,521,976 
315, 819, 123 
287,201,034 
234,331.710 
239, 093, 260 
217, 334, 822 
216,027,113 
370,821,782 
340,727,631 
397,581,413 
409, 713, 125 
370,956,601 
318,733,328 
357,538,465 
390,728,002 
407,051,875 
403,421,058 
449,987,266 
459,305,372 
391, 628, 469 
4.58, 450, 093 

295. 077. 865 
383,64.5,813 
418,639,121 
430,192,206 
305, 933, 691 
3.53,884,-534 
440, 5f 7, 314 
429, 620, 452 
475, 161, 941 
547, 226, 887 



57.63 

59.87 
70.14 
69.23 
63.95 
71.10 
70.89 
63.13 
63.29 
58.64 
57.14 
59.52 
69.87 
60.68 
56.86 
58.63 
64.54 
46.75 
60.84 
60.71 
53.54 
66.01 
53.98 
54.85 
57.05 
54.48 
53.99 
51.86 
49.16 
48.58 
46.60 
48.46 
55.62 
53.02 
64.87 
66.66 
55.67 
55.19 
56.27 
56.43 
56.22 
54.14 
57.14 
54.46 
47.47 
52.91 
46.06 
52.41 
53.09 
65.26 
49.66 
60.70 
61.84 
62.19 
52.60 
53.35 



17,548,892 

22, 627, 639 

24,136,879 

32,129,407 

32,949,467 

35,647,415 

39, 503, 184 

44,781,394 

69, 119, 001 

85, 885, 791 

68, 834, 979 

70,531,025 

75,082,583 

68,934,936 

50,927,847 

53,256,053 

90, 699, 407 

83, 912, 382 

109,989,347 

88,863,182 

100, 002, 918 

114, 772, 964 

126, 544, Oil 

135, 979, 954 

145,321,478 

166,604,503 

166,527,068 

132, 035, 363 

118,188,297 

130, 190, 687 

122, 980, 267 

112, 565, 940 

130,077,225 

134,198,166 

156, 622, 388 

146, 897, 620 

136, 321, 361 

117,4.50,701 

125, 431, 516 

130, 790, 843 

139, 818, 918 

150, 865, 817 

148,368,706 

163, 226, 079 

174,054.181 

183,732,712 

166,962,559 

133,915,082 

126,877,126 

105,924,053 

91, 370, 807 

112, 150,911 

130,035,221 

145, 158, 104 

161,076,524 

189,730,475 



24.76 
21.12 
13.55 
14.86 
15.47 
13.30 
13.10 
17.13 
18.79 
23.80 
20.82 
20.82 
20.73 
20.54 
24.76 
23.04 
27.52 
35.80 
25.13 
21.27 
26.91 
26.24 
27.42 
25.10 
22.68 
23.68 
26.25 
23.84 
24.79 
26.45 
26.40 
25.25 
19.47 
20.88 
21.61 
20.31 
20.41 
20.34 
19.74 
18.90 
19.30 
20.25 
18.84 
19.35 
21.04 
21.21 
25.49 
18.29 
16.27 
13.85 
14.83 
16.09 
15.30 
17.63 
16.72 
18.49 



6,239,176 
9, 420, 586 
16, 647, 637 
20, 994, 535 
20, 347, 310 
23,107,504 
26,075,849 
27, 894, 198 
31,675,461 
36, 155, 286 
31,301,432 
37,736,212 
35,992,719 
33,264,256 
21, 913, 043 
22, 358, 438 
33, 082, 797 
22, 930, 809 
32, 136, 785 
35, 795, 302 
41,377,712 
41,844,782 
43,596,045 
55,032,487 
56,163,696 
67, 246, 902 
67, 520, 034 
74,247,631 
65,730,123 
67, 825, 859 
69,203,408 
59, 174, 974 
82, 126, 922 
80,027,308 
81,291,936 
76, 736, 983 
75,753,960 
65,289,956 
65,875,426 
79,754,191 
84,356,398 
92,135,052 
90, 006, 114 
118, 736, 668 
150, 727, 759 
102, 207, 815 
100, 147, 107 
112, 167, 120 
108,828,462 
107,389,405 
92,091,694 
86, 587, 893 
93,666,774 
110, 367, 342 
119,785,756 
107,428,323 



8.80 

8.79 

9.35 

9.71 

9.56 

8.62 

8.65 

10.67 

10.07 

10.02 

11.08 

U.16 

9.91 

9.91 

10.65 

8.84 

10.04 

9.79 

7.34 

8.56 

11.13 

9.57 

9.41 

10.16 

8.84 

10.12 

11.31 

13.40 

13.79 

13.78 

14.80 

13.27 

12.30 

12.55 

11.22 

10.01 

U.34 

U.31 

10.37 

U.52 

11.65 

12.36 

11.43 

14.08 

18. 27 

U.80 

16.29 

15.32 

13.96 

14.04 

14.95 

12.42 

11.02 

13.41 

13.26 

10.48 



5,531,737 
9,095,039 
10,315,486 
10,811,627 
20, 615, 155 
14,572,740 
16,986,989 
18,288,328 
19,572,054 
21,140,650 
24, 644, 963 
22,038,180 
26,201,603 
22,076,660 
11,635,861 
17,810,728 
17,403,933 
U, 248, 683 
19,219,340 
26, 672, 233 
23, 800, 412 
27,405,349 
31,413,378 
41,200,224 
54,497,477 
61, 76), 489 
43, COS, 490 
45,220,249 
47, 037, 905 
41,521,087 
42,834,123 
46,ftl7,481 
67,008,793 
65,289,448 
61,419,192 
60,909,565 
54, 042, 233 
52,200,475 
68,088,821 
6 63,212,870 
61,691,675 
63, 600, 391 
67,506,833 
72 272 222 
80,138,251 
87, 624, 446 
65, 186, 397 
77, 626, 364 
89,592,318 
87, 294, 597 
92,594,593 
107,001,214 
139, 812, 330 
117,677,611 
129,682,661 
147,702,374 



7.80 

9.05 

5.79 

5.00 

9.68 

5.44 

5.63 

6.99 

6.22 

6.86 

8.72 

6.50 

7.24 

6.58 

6.66 

7.04 

6.28 

4.79 

4.39 

6.38 

0.41 

6.27 

6.78 

7.78 

8.60 

9.35 

7.32 

8.16 

9.99 

8.44 

9.19 

10.38 

10.02 

10.15 

8.47 

8.42 

8.09 

9.04 

10.71 

9.14 

8.52 

8.66 

8.57 

8.57 

9.77 

10.11 

10.10 

10.61 

11.49 

11.41 

16.03 

15.36 

16.45 

14.30 

14.36 

14.40 



384,887 
602, 447 
1,401,310 
1, 273, 838 
1,533.096 
2,482,695 
3,308,717 
3,575,674 
3,374,965 
4,031,745 
3,589,389 
3, 917, 454 
3,495,226 
4, 434, 897 
2,269,881 
2, 905, 002 
4,146,008 
3, 572, 343 
7, 410, 768 
9,996,737 
5, 278, 531 
6, 837, 062 
1, 423, 212 
1,438,565 
6,263,288 
4, 4.58, 688 
2, 767, 349 
4, 982, 781 
2,838,241 
4, 108, 001 
3,874,335 
4,013,711 

* 14, 130, 604 

7,621,302 
11,335,718 
12, 259, S56 

* 24,628,901 

* 19,470,646 

* 13, 665, 067 
22, 948, 024 
26,472,886 
29, 604, 059 
28, 356, 568 
25,621,134 
23, 133, 062 
25, 997, 378 
21, 457, 923 
17,450,926 
24, 614, 668 
24, 400, 439 
26,859,230 
26,997,877 
34, 611, 108 
11, 396, 196 
14, 166, 461 
21, 043, 527 



.54 

.56 

.79 

.59 

.72 

.93 

1.10 

1.37 

1.07 

1.12 

1.27 

1.16 

.96 

1.32 

1.10 

1.15 

1.26 

1.52 

1.70 

2.40 

1.42 

1.56 

.31 

.26 

.82 

.66 

.46 

.90 

.60 

.84 

.81 

.90 

2.13 

1.19 

1.57 

1.70 

3.69 

3.37 

2.15 

3.31 

3.66 

3.96 

3.60 

8.04 

2.80 

3.00 

3.28 

2.39 

3.16 

3.19 

4.36 

3.87 

4.07 

1.38 

1.67 

2.05 



308,797 

646, 809 

682,151 

1,315,967 

1, 318, 199 

1,630,363 

l,884,ai6 

1,849,642 

1, 758, 048 

2,396,068 

2,756,764 

2,834,942 

3,798,518 

3, 266, 540 

2,042,593 

3,290,748 

4, 499, 101 

3,166,431 

2,017,944 

2,833,382 

2, 191, 747 

1, 514, 343 

' 9,860,058 

' 10, 482, 629 

3 13, 792, 495 

3 12, 020, 589 

» 9,619,184 

3 10,219,095 

8 7,951,595 

3 9, 351, .512 

8 10, 615, 891 

3 7,718,550 
* 3,789,420 

» 14,200,773 
3 16,388,927 
3 16,063,765 
« 5,994,577 

4 4, 382, 223 
» 4, 836, 842 
8 4,875,838 
8 4,565,363 
8 5,505,275 

3,321,477 

4,207,146 

5,318,052 

9, 857, 032 

3, 479, 338 

5, 709, 169 

11,172,979 

9, 629, 713 

7, 193, 639 

10, 436, 060 

11,218,437 

8,953,461 

13, 447, 615 

12,681,651 



.44 

.60 

.38 

.61 

.62 

.61 

.63 

.71 

.56 

.66 

.97 

.84 

1.05 

.97 

.99 

1.30 

1.36 

1.35 

.60 

.68 

.59 

.35 

2.10 

1.85 

2.10 

1.81 

1.66 

1.86 

1.67 

1.91 

2.20 

1.74 

.66 

2.21 

2.26 

2.31 

.90 

.75 

.76 

.70 

.65 

.74 

.42 

.50 

.65 

.97 

.79 

.98 

1.43 

1.25 

1.17 

1.50 

1.32 

1.09 

1.49 

1.23 



> Hawaiian Islands not included since 1900. 



" From 1870 to 1878 specie is included in totals, but excluded in following years. 



1904.] TEREITORIAL AITD COMMERCIAL EXPAJ^SION OP UNITED STATES. 

ITS Mateeial Industries — Continued. 



4355 



COMMERCE BY GRAND DIVISIONS OF THE WORLD. 



Exports from the United States to — 



Europe. 


Dollars. 


Per cent 
of total. 


41,348,088 
40,853,861 
48,110,533 
48,175,248 


58.26 
70.19 
69.04 
65.24 


98,930,084 
113,862,253 


74.89 
74.96 


171,009,932 


78.31 


165,110,809 


78.77 


175,493,102 
208,483,267 
200,761,143 
247,255,187 


75. 99 
75.59 
72.90 
75.62 


276,098,810 
242,627,080 


76.07 
74.74 


268,199,351 
310,272,818 


75.17 
77.54 


170,339,184 
157,741,886 


68.31 
68.60 


227,456,975 


68. 61 


222,809,420 
201,758,310 


05.47 
69.92 


458,310,344 


81.05 


354,932,412 
365,302,285 


77.30 
76.02 


328,059,182 
420, 1S4, 014 
479, 738, 693 


74.71 
79. .35 
81.19 


450,167,843 


78.71 


539,001,323 
672,511,479 


79.61 
79.87 


533,514,921 


80.17 


53S,3'22,835 


80.81 


557,244,015 


79.38 


597,774,959 


80.39 


594,189,272 
719,433,788 


83.50 
86.10 


766,113,798 


84.96 


600,100,498 


79.96 


659, 807, 396 
683,795,462 


80.10 
78.84 


599,240,748 
541,373,039 
575,300,326 


80.75 
79.67 
80.33 


519,092,503 
578,902,620 
683,736,397 


78.88 
77.98 
79.74 


704,798,017 
850,623,150 


• 79.73 
82.60 


661,976,910 


78.10 


700, 870, 822 
627,927,692 


78.57 
77.76 


673,043,763 
813,385,644 
973, 806, 245 


76.26 
77.39 
79.07 


936,002,093 
1,040,107,703 


76.33 
74.60 


1,136,501,005 
1,008, 033, 98L 
1,029,250,6,57 


76.39 
72.96 
72.48 



North America. 



Dollars. 
27, 208, 618 
16, 060, 899 
16, 810, 597 
18, 886, 434 
23, 737, 078 
24, 722, 610 
29, 575, 916 
28,386,177 
32,503,494 
47,135,118 
BO, 816, 532 
51,178,700 
55,909,886 
53,901,118 
65,939,301 
63,325,937 
49,915,433 
48,011,793 
73,202,910 
79,5.54,810 
94, 837, 990 
67,331,613 
61, 890, 552 
68,289,670 
65, 848, 784 
68,962,006 
77,348,184 
73, 230, 648 
81,620,759 
94, 942, 138 
86,166,454 
79, 926, 699 
83, 058, 656 
78, 762, 184 
67,598,525 
09,437,783 
83,1.56,899 
85,793,255 
99, 428, 476 
92,217,190 
76, 764, 748 
71,980,400 
73,42.5,948 
79,995,497 
89, 650, 476 
94,100,410 
96, 5^19, 129 
105, 566, 184 
119, 788, 889 
119,693,212 
108, 575, 594 
116,567,496 
124,958,461 
139, 627, 841 
157,931,707 
187, 594, 625 
196,534,460 
203,971,080 
215,482,709 



Per ami 
of total. 

38.34 

24.07 

24.12 

25.57 

17.97 

10.27 

13.54 

13.5-1 

14. 07 

17.09 

18.47 

15.65 

15.42 

16.60 

15.68 

13.33 

20.02 

20.88 

22.05 

23.38 

28.17 

11.91 

13.48 

14.32 

14.99 

13.03 

13.09 

12.80 

12.05 

13.25 

12.95 

12.00 

11.83 

10.59 

9.50 

8.31 

9.21 

11.43 

12.07 

12.45 

10.34 

10.59 

10.25 

11.50 

12.06 

10.98 

10.92 

10.25 

14.13 

13.42 

13.45 

13.21 

11.89 

11.35 

12.87 

13.45 

13.21 

14.76 

15.10 



South America. 



Dollars. 



1,611,738 
1,133,689 
4,587,391 
6,969,517 
9,070,724 
11,884,839 
10, 197, 876 
11,160,076 
11,568,580 
13,455,417 
15,716,540 
16, 227, 619 
13,318,384 
15, 976, 969 
16, 712, 100 
14, 348, 897 
11, 776, 079 
16, 188, 019 
19, 359, ,502 
21,606,908 
17, 924, 295 
21,770,346 
20,652,085 
19,631,3U 
21,651,459 
19,699,581 
27,000,890 
29,601,967 
26,747,020 
24,090,950 
22,862,746 
22, 577, 154 
24,690,478 
23, 437, 376 
23, 190, 220 
25, 304, 846 
27,221,850 
29, 570, 659 
31,226,934 
27,731,857 
26,131,991 
30, 744, -197 
29, 679, 227 
35,021,017 
38, 752, 648 
33, 708, 290 
33,147,614 
32,639,077 
33,212,310 
33, 525, 935 
36, 297, 671 
33, 768, 646 
33,821,701 
35,659,902 
38, 94.5, 763 
44, 400, 195 
38, 013, 617 
11,137,872 



Per cent 
of total. 



2.41 
1.63 
6.21 
4.52 
6.98 
5.44 
4.86 
4.83 
4.19 
4.89 
4.81 
4.47 
4.10 
4.48 
4.18 
5.76 
5.12 
4.88 
6.69 
6.42 
3.17 
4.74 
4.33 
4.45 
4.09 
3.31 
4.72 
4.38 
3.73 
3.62 
3.43 
3.22 
3.32 
3.29 
2.77 
2.79 
3.03 
3.59 
4.22 
3.74 
3.85 
4.29 
4.25 
4.72 
4.52 
3.81 
3.21 
3.85 
3.72 
4.15 
4.11 
3.21 
2.75 
2.91 
2.79 
2.98 
2.75 
2.90 



Asia. 






Per cent 


Dollari. 


of total. 


1,177,846 


1.66 


656,881 


.83 


3,289,000 


4.72 


1,845,224 


2.50 


2,286,290 


1.73 


3,051,720 


2.01 


3,493,208 


1.60 


3,605,906 


1.72 


4,694,964 


2.03 


2,219,476 


.80 


3,516,195 


1.28 


3, 919, 755 


1.20 


6,063,775 


1.67 


7,862,751 


2.42 


9, 249, 240 


2.59 


11,067,921 


2.77 


8,335,568 


3.34 


6,097,723 


2.91 


7,742,987 


2.33 


9, 772, .558 


2.87 


8,529,596 


2.63 


11,799,410 


2.09 


11,449,618 


2.49 


13,844,105 


2.90 


16,947,124 


3.86 


10,972,004 


2.07 


7, 781, 138 


1.31 


13,965,166 


2.44 


18, 727, 094 


2.75 


15,087,095 


2.10 


13,972,305 


2.10 


15,528,567 


2.33 


27,4-19,945 


3.91 


28,998,343 


3.90 


11, 875, 898 


1.67 


11,645,703 


1.39 


12,917,348 


1.42 


18,393,671 


2.-15 


16,348,742 


1.98 


16,913,978 


2.28 


20,739,972 


2.79 


22,113,992 


3.25 


6 19,322,172 


2.70 


18,929,152 


2.73 


18,439,626 


2.48 


19,696,820 


2.30 


25, 553, 308 


2.89 


19,590,350 


1.81 


16,222,354 


1.91 


20,872,761 


2.34 


17,325,057 


2.15 


25,630,029 


2.90 


39,274,905 


3.74 


44,707,791 


3.63 


48,360,161 


3.94 


64,913,807 


4.66 


49, 390, 712 


3.31 


63,9-14,077 


4.63 


58,359,016 


4.11 



Oceania 


,1 


Dollars. 


Per ccvt 
of total. 


14,112 


0.02 


227,560 
8,906 


.34 
.01 


93,668 


.13 


454,814 
208,129 


.35 
.14 


822,031 


.38 


763,391 
6,090,254 
4,233,287 


.36 
2.20 
1.54 


4,673,429 
6,593,841 
5,245,493 
4,321,435 
4, 387, 401 


1.70 
2.02 
1.45 
1.33 
1.23 


5,373,497 
4,075,677 
3,810,725 
4, 633, 702 
6,444,017 


1.34 
1.64 
1.66 
1.39 
1.90 


7,552,117 


2.24 


7,675,428 
6, 229, 659 


1.36 
1.36 


5,992,691 


1.25 


7,027,415 
4,334,991 
3,307,8U 


1.60 
.82 
.56 


3,613,780 
4,677,4.57 
4,493,916 
4,270,979 


.03 
.69 
.63 
.64 


4,771,212 


.71 


7, 345, 929 
8,607,644 
9,423,804 


1.05 
1.16 
1.32 


< 6,846,698 
9,500,577 
12,400,004 


.82 
1.04 
1.66 


13,.5n,721 
« 13,105,004 
* 13, 006, 468 


1.65 
1.77 
1.83 


» 14,. 326, 999 


2.11 


13,438,146 
14,746,065 


1.87 
2.12 


16, 239, 403 


2.19 


16,-160,269 


1.92 


18,621,801 
15,572,767 


2.11 
1.61 


11,199,477 
11,914,182 


1.32 
1.34 


13,109,231 
17,197,229 
22,652,773 


1.62 
1.95 
2.16 


22,003,022 
29,975,015 
43,391,275 


1.78 
2.43 
3.11 


35,392,401 
34,258,041 
37,468,512 


2.36 
2.48 
2.64 



Africa. 



Dollars. 

1,110,374 

1,407,828 

305, 968 

233,601 

707,563 

977, 284 

1,601,4,85 

1,504,207 

2,033,037 

2, 157, 592 

1,934,130 

2, 300, 825 

3, 355, 099 

2, 613, 623 

3, 037, 200 

3,227,760 

2,330,154 

1,900,779 

2,783,989 

2,351,772 

2,412,202 

2, 385, 304 

2,916,233 

2,732,053 

1,714,213 

3 3, 414, 768 

3 3, 203, U3 

s 4,005,140 

3 3,524,474 

' 3,037,144 

' 3, 470, 782 

s 4,814,382 

» 4,271,788 

' 4, 770, 729 

» 5,112,518 

* 5,084,466 
» 5, 377, 878 
8 6, 5(;9, 319 
> 5, 052, 408 

* 3,251,441 

* 4, 103, 962 

* 3, 598, 409 
» 3, 952, 122 
s 3,612,063 
» 4,248,333 

4,613,702 

4,767,897 

5,061,265 

5, 196, 480 

4,923,859 

6, 377, 812 

13, 870, 760 

16, 953, 127 

17,615,730 

18,594,424 

19,469,819 

25,542,618 

33,108,605 

38,436,8.53 



Per cevt 
of total. 

1.50 

2.11 

.44 

.31 

.64 

.64 

.73 

.75 

.88 

.79 

.70 

.70 

.92 

.81 

.85 

.84 

.93 

.83 

.84 

.69 



.42 
.63 
.58 
.39 
.64 
.51 
.70 
.52 
.42 
.52 



.61 
.64 
.72 






.61 

.53 

.87 

.61 

.44 

.55 

.63 

.56 

.62 

.57 

.51 

.54 

.62 

.69 

.61 

.87 

1.57 

1.61 

1.42 

1.52 

1.79 

1.72 

2.42 

2.71 



YEARS. 



.1800 
.1810 
.1820 
.1830 
.1840 
.18-50 
.18.51 
.1852 
.18.53 
.1854 
.1855 
.18.56 
.18.W 
.1858 
.1859 
.1860 
.1861 
.1862 



..1863 
..1864 
..1S65 
..1866 
..1867 
..1868 
..1869 
= 1870 
..1871 
..1872 
..1873 
..1874 
..1875 
..1876 
,.1877 
2 1878 
..1.S79 
,.1880 
,.1881 
.1882 
.1883 
.1884 
.1885 
,.1886 
,.1887 
.1888 
.1889 
.1890 
.1891 
.1892 
.1893 
.1894 
.1895 
.1896 
.1897 
.1898 
.1899 
.1900 
.1901 
.1902 
.1903 



• lucludea "All other countries." 



* Includes "All other Spanish possessions.' 



' Includes "All other countries in Asia and Oceania." 



4356 TEEEITOEIAL AND COlVmEEOIAL EXPANSIOISr OF UNITED STATES. [Mat, 

PROGliESS or THE UNITED STATES IN 



TKANSPORTATION OP FOREIGN COMMERCE. 



ImDorts into the United States. 



YEARS. 



By sea. 



1800 

ISIO 

1820 

1830 

1840 

1850 

1851 

1852 

1853 

ISol 

1855 

1856 

1857 

■1858 

1859 

1S60 

1861 

1862 

1863 

1864 

1865 

1866 2... 

1867 3... 

18C8 

18C9 

1870 

1871 

1872 

1873 

1874 

1875 

1876 

1877 

ls78 

1879 

1880 

1881 

1882 

1883 

1884 

1885 

1886 

1887 

1888 

1889 

1890 

1891 

1892 

1893 

1894 

1895 

1896 

1S97 

1898 

1899 

1900 

1901 

1902 

1903 



In 

American 

vessels. 



Dollars. 



In foreign 

vessels. 



Dollars. 



Total. 



Dollars. 



Per 

cent in 
Ameri- 
can 
vessels. 



By land 
vehicles.' 



Dollars. 



Total by 

land and 

sea. 



Dollars. 



Exports from the United States. 



By sea. 



In 

American 

vessels. 



Dollars 



In foreign 
vessels. 



Dollars. 



Total. 



Dollars. 



Per 

cent in 
Ameri- 
can 

vessels. 



By land 
vehicles. 1 



Total by 

land and 

sea. 



66,035 

92, 802 
139, 657 
163, 650, 
155, 258, 
191,688 
215,376 
202,234, 
219, 972, 
2.59,116: 
203, 700 
216, 123 
228, 164 
201,544 

92, 274 
109, 744 

81, 212 

74,385: 
112,040 
117,209: 
122,965: 
136, 802 
153, 237 
163,285 
177, 286 
174,739 
176,027, 
157, 872 
143, 389 
151,834 
146,499 
143, 590 
149, 317 
133, 631 
130, 266 
136, 002 
135,046 
112, 864, 
118, 942 
121,305 
123,. '525 
120, 782 
124, 948 
127,471 
139,139 
127, 095 
121,561 
108,229 
117, 299 
109, 133 

93,5 

82, 
104, 304 

93, 055 



i,535 
1, 0,50 



043 
543 
467 
325 
273 
900 
512 
170 
016 
428 
855 
055 
100 
580 
077 
116 
395 
536 
225 
024 
,"077 
710 
302 
834 
778 
726 
704 
067 
282 
353 
368 
146 
826 
290 
207 
052 
817 
493 
298 
910 
948 
678 
891 
4S4 
193 
015 
074 
454 
867 
118 
940 
493 
002 
832 



4,481,181 
14, 339, 167 
38,481,275 
52,574,389 
53,038,388 
76,290,322 
86,117,821 
59, 233, 620 
64, 667, 430 
101,773,971 
78, 913, 134 
122, 644, 702 
134,001,399 
131,106,098 
113, 497, 629 
143,175,340 
248,350,818 
174, 170, 636 
333,471,763 
300, 622, 035 
248, 659, 583 
300,512,231 
309, 140, 510 
363,020,644 
445,416,783 
471,806,765 
405, 320, 135 
382, 949, 568 
321,139,500 
329, 565, 833 
307, 407, 565 
310, 499, 599 
603,494,913 
491,840,269 
571,517,802 
564, 175, 576 
512,511,192 
443, 513, 801 
491, 937, 636 
543, 392, 210 
£68, 222, 357 
586, 120, 881 
623, 740, 100 
076,511,763 
648,535,976 
695, 184, 394 
503, 810, 334 
590, 538, 362 
626,890,521 
019, 784, 338 
492, 086, 003 
581,673,500 
701,223,735 
683, 015, 858 
744, 766, 235 
835,844,210 



70,516,920 
107,141,619 
178, 138, 318 
216,224,932 
208,296,855 
267,978,647 
301,594,094 
261,468,520 
314,639,942 
360,890,141 
282, 613, 150 
338, 768, 130 

362. 166. 254 
335, 650, 153 
205,771,729 
252, 919, 920 
329, 662, 895 
248, 555, 652 
415,512,158 
417,831,571 
371,624,808 

437. 314. 255 
402,377,587 
626, 306, 354 
622,703,085 
616,546,599 
681,347,913 
540,822,294 
464,529,204 
481,399,900 
453, 906, 847 
454,089,952 
652,812,281 
625,471,415 
701,784,628 

700. 177. 866 
647,557,399 
.556,377,853 
610, 880, 453 
064,757,709 
691,747,655 

700. 903. 791 
748, 089, 048 
803, 983, 441 

787. 675. 867 
822, 279, 828 
625,371,527 
698, 767, 977 
744, 189, 595 

728. 917. 792 
585,621,870 
063, 723, 668 
805, 528, 675 
776,071,351 
846,954,237 
959, 611, 042 



94.2 
86.6 
78.4 
75.7 
74.5 
71.5 
71.4 
77.3 
79.4 
71.8 
72.1 
63.8 
63.0 
60.1 
44.8 
43.4 
24.6 
29.9 
25.2 
28.1 
33.1 
31.3 
33.1 
31.0 
28.5 
27.0 
30.3 
29.2 
30.9 
31.6 
32.3 
31.7 
22.9 
21.4 
18.6 
19.4 
20.8 
20.3 
19.5 
18.3 
17.8 
17.1 
16.7 
15.9 
17.7 
15.6 
19.4 
15.5 
16.7 
15.0 
16.0 
12.4 
12.9 
12.0 
12.1 
12.9 



15, 187, 354 
17, 635, 681 
17, 070, 548 
14,513,335 
13, 083, 859 
12,148,667 
10,697,640 
12,965,999 
11,983,823 
15,142,465 
17,193,213 
22, 854, 946 
23,003,048 
20, 140, 294 
21,149,476 
24, 555, 683 
27, 562, 059 
32, 209, 459 
38,227,861 
40,621,361 
40, 932, 755 
39,726,695 
44, 121, 094 
29,623,095 
33,201,988 
35,535,079 
35, 812, 620 
30, 427, 784 
33, 424, 821 
44,412,509 
47,100,814 
56, 360, 711 
66,208,195 



70, 
107, 
178, 
216, 
208, 
267, 
301, 
261, 
314, 
360, 
282, 
338, 
362, 
335, 
205, 
252, 
329, 
248, 
445, 
417, 
371, 
437, 
462, 
541, 
040, 
003, 
595, 
553 
476 
492, 
466, 
466, 
667, 
642: 
724, 
723, 
667, 
577, 
635, 
692, 
723, 
745, 
789, 
844, 
827, 
866, 
654, 
731, 
779, 
764, 
616, 
697 
849 
823, 

903: 

1,025, 



516,920 
141,619 
138, 318 
224, 932 
296, 855 
978,617 
.594, 094 
468, 520 
639, 942 
890,141 
013,150 
768, 130 
166,254 
650, 153 
771,729 
919, 920 
5G2, 895 
555,652 
512.158 
831,671 
624, 808 
314, 255 
377, 587 
493, 708 
338, 766 
617,147 
.861, 248 
906, 153 
677,871 
097, 510 
872,846 
073, 775 
954, 746 
664, 628 
639, 574 
180,914 
697,693 
527, 329 
436, 136 
319,768 
957, 114 
131,652 
310, 409 
916,156 
402,462 
400,922 
994, 622 
969, 965 
724, 674 
730, 412 
049, 654 
148, 489 
941,184 
172, 165 
320, 948 
19,237 



63, 882, 719 
105, 622, 257 
99. 615, Wl 
152, 4.56, 689 
139, 176, 937 
155,028,802 
191,322,266 
203,250,562 
232,295,762 
251,214,857 
243,491,288 
249,617,953 
279,082,902 
179. 972, 733 
125,421,318 
132,127,891 
102,849,409 
93,017,756 
213,671,466 
180, 625, 368 
176,016,348 
153,154,748 
199, 732, 324 
190,378,402 
168,044,799 
171,566,758 
174, 424, 216 
156, 385, 060 
167,686,467 
164, 826, 214 
166,661,624 
128, 425, 339 
109 029, 209 
116, 955, 324 
96,962,919 
104,418,210 
98, 652, 828 
82,001,691 
78, 406, 686 
72,991,253 
67, 332, 175 
83,022,198 

77, .502, 138 

78, 968, 047 
81,033,844 
70,670,073 
73, 707, 023 
62,277,581 
70, 392, 813 
79,941,823 
67, 792, 150 
78, 562, 088 
90, 779, 252 
S4, 343, 122 
83,631,985 
91,028,200 



9,966,789 

26,463,689 

52, 283, 679 

65,931,322 

70, 181, 429 

75,947,355 

84,474,054 

71,906,284 

94,669,146 

111,745,825 

81,153,133 

107,171,509 

121,039,394 

69, 372, 180 

104, 617, 667 

199, 880, 691 

237, 442, 730 

262, 839, 688 

361,754,928 

280,708,368 

301, 886, 491 

285, 979, 781 

329, 786, 978 

392,801,932 

393,929,579 

494,915,886 

633,885,971 

501,838,949 

492, 215, 487 

630,354,703 

509, 583, 564 

600, 769, 633 

720, 770, 521 

777, 162, 714 

641,460,967 

694,331,348 

615,287,007 

636,004,765 

581, 973, 477 

621, 802, 292 

606, 474, 964 

630, 942, 660 

747,370,644 

773, 569, 324 

916, 023, 675 

733, 132, 174 

769, 212, 122 

695, 357, 830 

751.083,000 

905, 969, 428 

1,090,406,476 

1,064,590,307 

1,193,220,689 

1,291,520,938 

1,174,263,079 

1,190,262,178 



73, 849, 508 
132, 085, 946 
151,998,720 
218, 388, Oil 
209, 658, 366 
230, 976, 157 
275, 796, 320 
275, 156, 846 
326,964,908 
302, 960, 682 
334,644,421 
356, 789, 462 
400, 122, 296 
249,344,913 
229, 938, 985 
332,008,582 
340, 292, 139 
356, 857, 344 
565, 426, 394 
461,333,736 
476, 902, 839 
439, 134, 629 
529, 519, 302 
683, 180, 394 
• 561,974,378 

666. 482. 644 

708. 310. 187 
658,224,015 
659,901,954 
695, 180, 917 

736. 135. 188 
729, 194, 972 
829, 799, 730 
894,118,038 
738,423,886 
798,749,558 
713, 939, 836 
718,000,456 
660, 380, 163 

694. 793. 645 
673, 807, 139 
713,964,858 
824, 878, 782 
852,557,371 
997, 057, 519 
803, 802, 247 
842, 919, 145 
7.57,635,411 
821, 475, 813 
985,911,251 

1,158,198,626 
1, 143, 152, 395 
1,283,999,941 
1,375,864,060 
1, 2.57, 895, 064 
1,281,290,378 



86.5 
80.0 
65.4 
69.8 
66.5 
67.1 
69.4 
73.8 
71.1 
69.2 
72.8 
70.0 
70.(5 
72.1 
54.6 
39.8 
30.2 
26.1 
37.8 
39.2 
36.7 
34.9 
37.7 
32.7 
30.0 
25.7 
24.6 
23.8 
25.4 
23.7 
22.7 
17.6 
13.1 
13.1 
13.1 
13.1 
13.8 
11.4 
11.9 
10.6 
10.0 
11.6 
9.4 
9.3 
8.1 
8.8 
8.7 
8.2 
8.5 
8.1 
5.9 
6.9 
7.1 
6.1 
6.6 
7.1 



7, 798, 156 

10,015,089 

10, 799, 430 

8,509,205 

7,304,376 

6, 324, 487 

6, 767, 170 

7,511,365 

7,439,862 

5,838,928 

8, 2.59, 308 

12,118,371 

25, 089, 844 

26, .573, 774 

24,183,299 

19, 144, 607 

21,389,666 

22, 147, 368 

28,436,517 

32, 949, 902 

31,923,439 

33, 220, 629 

43,862,947 

49,221,427 

49,902,754 

61,131,125 

65, 082, 305 

73, 283, 704 

83, 870, 907 

110,483,141 

111,900,931 

123,824,337 

138,851,301 



73, 849, 508 
132,08.5,946 
151,'998,720 
218, 388, Oil 
209, am, 366 
230, 976, 157 
275, 796, 320 
275,1.56.846 
326, 964, 908 
362, 960, 682 
334, 644, 421 
356,789,462 
400, 122, 296 
249, 344, 913 
229, 938, 985 
332, 008, 582 
340, 292, 139 
355, 8.57, 344 
505,426.394 
401 , 333, 736 
476, 902, .839 
439, 134, .529 
529, 519, 302 
590, 978, .\50 
671,989,467 
677,282,074 
710,819,392 
665, 528, 391 
666, 226, 441 
701,948,087 
743, 646, 563 
736, 634, 834 
835, 638, 658 
902, 377, 346 
750, 542, 257 
823, 839, 402 
740, 513, 609 
742, 189, 755 
679, 524, 830 
716,183,211 
695, 954, 507 
742,401,375 
857, 828, 684 
884,480,810 
1, 030, 278, 148 
S47, 605, 194 
892, 140, 572 
807, 538, 165 
8S2, 606. 938 
1,050,993,656 
1,231,482,330 
1, 227, 023, 302 
1,394,483,082 
1,487,704,991 
1,381,719,401 
1,420,141,679 



1 No data prior to 1871. 



1904.] TEREITORIAL AWD COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 

ITS Material Industries— Continued. 



4357 



FOEEIGN COMMERCE OP PRINCIPAL CUSTOMS DISTRICTS. 



New York. 



Imports. 



PttUars. 



Exports. 



Dollars. 



Imports. 



Dollars. 



Exports. 



Dollars. 



Philadelphia. 



Baltimore. 



Imports. 



Dollars. 



Exports. 



Dollars. 



Imports. 



Dollars. 



Exports. 



Dollars. 



New Orleans. 



Imports. 



Dollars. 



Exports. 



Dollars. 



San Francisco. 



Imports. 



Dollars. 



Exports- 



Dollars. 



YEARS. 



. . . ISOO 
...ISIO 
...l.<20 
...I8S0 
...1.''40 
...1S30 
...ISM 
...18.i2 
...18.33 
...1.S54 
...1855 
...18.36 
...If 57 
...1858 
...1859 
...1860 
...1861 
...1862 
...1863 
...1864 
...lS6o 
.= 1866 
.s 1867 
...1868 
...1869 
...1870 
...1S71 
...1872 
...1873 
...1874 
...1875 
...1876 
...1877 
....1S78 
,...1879 
....ISSO 
....ISSl 
....1882 
....1883 
....1884 
....1885 
....1SS6 
....1S87 
....1888 
....1889 
....1890 
....1891 
....1892 
....1893 
....1894 
....1895 
....1896 
....1S97 
....1898 
....1899 
....1900 
....1901 
....1902 
....1903 



41, 389, 867 

44. 144. 930 
38,035,104 
41,040,514 
39, 333, 684 
35,883,012 
22, 106, 451 
26, 9:-9, 283 

30. 189. 931 
24,389,735 
42, 650, 884 
45, 280, 555 
36,942,341 
44, 683, 822 
47, 484, 060 
53, 613, 754 
70, 275, 006 
67, 969, 345 
52,059,729 
51,908,687 
37,222,890 
42, 218, 338 
40,208,023 
40,418,791 
68, 603, 136 
61,960,103 
69,594,057 
72,552,075 
65, 865, 651 
53, 445, 929 
58,430,707 
61,018,330 
63, 897, 778 
66,731,023 
62, 876, 666 
71,212,014 
71,780,489 
79,357,6.54 
53, 309, 331 
66,889,118 
79,179,864 
90,178,419 
51,475,099 
52, 097, 900 
72, 195, 939 
61,462,370 
71,921,436 
86,310,586 



15,966,568 
15,241,600 
15,783,686 
12, 020, 260 
12, 747. 945 
14, 587, 624 
12, 918, 631 
17, 696, 462 
15, 789, 714 
19, .SC2, 181 
19,097,852 
18,615,870 
10,609,860 
14,381,078 
14, 126, 429 
13, 424, 627 
22,044,383 
29,156,229 
30,601,635 
30, 842, 697 
37,247,136 
44, 075, 196 
47, 96.8, 470 
49, 193, 664 
59, 238, 341 
73, 433, 677 
62, 471, 426 
62, 356, 749 
63, 497, 829 
62, 000, 103 
64,099.068 
59,001,505 
56, 457, 384 
66,833,595 
71,201,944 
77, 020, 081 
87,175,636 
85,460,422 
83, 972, 400 
85, 505, 196 
95,851,004 
100, 857, 281 
117,631,903 
128,037,149 
112, 195, 555 
143, 708. 232 
102,404,304 
88, 126, 444 



194, .621, 417 
216, lOS, 452 
160,953.843 
216,616,992 
231, 310, 086 
188,790,086 
130,525,949 
176, .622, 885 
227, 407, 442 
152, 248, 978 
302, 505, 719 
277,469,610 
236, 791, 028 
282, OGO, 008 
281, 018, 813 
348,755,769 
416,162,612 
418, 709, 493 
376,732,380 
357,136,893 
303,466,910 
298,261,378 
292,797,559 
302,349,053 
459, 937, 153 
435, 450, 905 
493, 000, 891 
496,005,276 

465. 119. 630 
380, 077, 748 
419,338,932 

466. 698. 631 
470, 426, 774 
472, 163, 507 
516,426,693 
537,786,007 
636, 538, 112 
548, 568, 593 
415,795,991 
477,741,128 
499, 932, 792 
480, 603, 580 
402,281,0.30 
465, 659, 6.60 
637, 237, 282 
527,269,906 
559, 930, 819 
618, 705, 662 



78, 942, 489 
80,901,227 
66, 376. 494 
59, 638, 985 
80,047.978 
126, 675, 195 
133,816,192 
186, 800, 391 
164, 800, 158 
202, 509, 041 
271,964,092 
181,700,239 
174, 737, 626 
105, 936, 208 
196, 614, 746 
222, 710, 489 
228, 510, 051 
209, 529, 299 
304,634,338 
262,433,225 
262,8.51,576 
282, 217, 379 
336,493,677 
335, 870, 295 
392, 560, OSO 
407,181,024 
314,603,775 
361,425,301 
329,883,267 
344, 514, 761 
314,329,411 
310,347,219 
310, 627, 496 
319, 838, 5.65 
319,061,791 
346, 628, 847 
413,9.32,783 
347, 396, 717 
369, 146, 305 
325, 6S0, 062 
354,274,941 
391,079,907 
445,615,791 
4,39,414,217 
518,834,471 
529, 592, 978 
490,361,695 
605, 829, 694 



16,570,447 
17, 834. 042 
12,775.591 
14,499,040 
14,611,934 
12,615,408 
5,812,182 
7, 317, 620 
9,0.30,236 
7,037,870 
13, 107, 636 
15,349,480 
14,445,205 
16, 882, 188 
14,483,211 
17,728,006 
20, 383, 832 
26, 393, 061 
26,446,037 
24,094,323 
22,471,367 
19,673,874 
19, 333, 496 
24,377,271 
3.6,944,600 
32,583,106 
34, 136, 679 
.33, 738, 6,36 
33,6.67,216 
29,919,019 
36,. 661, 313 
39,952,349 
41, 772, 121 
48, 528, 602 
63,936,315 
59, 427, 890 
60, 006, 791 
00, 122, 147 
53, 726, 963 
48, 802, 676 
43,840,836 
48,072,672 
31,419,937 
41,222,528 
51,866,002 
48, 043, 443 
47,750,342 
59, 995, 431 



6,966,888 
6,991,613 
5, 846, 909 
5, 136, 055 
5,526,907 
9,914,968 
11,061,119 
12, 203, 675 
9, 926, 662 
11, 053, 466 
17,192,752 
lf;,G72,811 
14,373,778 
14, 648, 712 
16, 927, 610 
17, 793, 283 
20, 988, 649 
24, 210. 989 
33, 087, 837 
28.466,609 
40,281,791 
46, 954. 316 
44, 552, 844 
47, 078, 702 
49, 649, 693 
44, 229, 705 
38,131,258 
38, 147, 744 
36. 492, 568 
38, 723, 261 
33, 753, 317 
35, 426, 856 
28,845,861 
29, 774, 911 
37, 410, 683 
33,674,355 
58,541,457 
49, 402, 482 
40, 500, 786 
35,043,093 
39, 567, 376 
47,305.273 
50,244,436 
60, 9.60, 065 
78.406,031 
79, 354, 025 
80, 383, 403 
73,531,966 



9, 119, 907 
10, .680, 208 
8,917,707 
9,711,951 
9,781,205 
9,412,898 
3,69^,082 
4,483,593 
5, 836, 341 
4,816,454 
8, 156, 991 
12,209,609 
12, 929, 349 
15,863,032 
19, 512, 468 
24, 672, 871 
28,831,566 
29,251,444 
29,283,894 
27, 787, 451 
22, 305, 316 
22. 322, 544 
16,899,855 
14,017,604 
19, 945, 989 
16, 189, 816 
14, 938, 258 
14, 599, 179 
11,423,665 
11,849,696 
11,696,944 
12, 535, 920 
11,741,685 
15,223,844 
13,140,203 
20, 565, 687 
13, 418, 623 
16, 160, 946 
11,978.900 
12,200,706 
13,476,630 
11,371,193 
8, 907, 118 
9,161,165 
19,046,279 
18, 899, 473 
22,825,281 
27, 803, 167 



11,050,298 
13,086,335 
10, 342, 310 
9, 168, 066 
8,940,100 
13,237,103 
8,401,869 
12,008,072 
9, 050, 805 
12,141,037 
10,907,083 
11,092,939 
13, 978, 218 
13,891,885 
14,510,733 
15,094,678 
18, 446, 333 
19,413,524 
27,064,977 
27, 537, 922 
31,383,670 
39,209,258 
45,631,070 
57,556,941 
76, 253, 566 
72,471,693 
39,428,236 
56,003,351 
43,079,294 
45, 0.52, 904 
35,817,788 
61,007,149 
46, 230, 727 
50,011,662 
73, 983, 693 
64,412,247 
98, 860, 197 
71,506,995 
78,422,129 
61,938,991 
66,398,905 
85,692,651 
118,845,680 
107,166,210 
116,530.378 
100, 239, 081 
80,532,512 
81,701,497 



14,905,766 
22,964,149 
15. 066, 182 
16, 678, 001 
20,636,316 
9,501,020 



80,838,903 
91,762,534 
88,874,986 
101,116,349 
108,164,812 
6,911,921 



1,397,467 
1,451,009 
1,463,965 
8, 710, 220 
11,142,219 
10,732,697 
11,064,200 
14,377,471 
18,421,796 
le, 433, 285 
19,867,501 
14,424,248 
12,320,822 
11,216,572 
9, 326, 606 
10,921,412 
6,902,021 
10,611,353 
12,213,920 
12,133,291 
9,596,762 
10, 784, 661 
8, 088, 652 
8, 115, 171 
9, 6.62, 135 
11,617,749 
14, 492, 480 
14, 6.38, 163 
20,267,060 
18, 909, 563 
21,789,732 
18,087,944 
13,861,607 
13,471,142 
16,618,727 
9,664,457 
11,917,659 
17,490,811 
20,462,307 
23, 763, 480 
28, 880, 714 



5,738,325 

4, 278, 470 

3,581,912 

96,976,227 

82, 884, 049 

58, 823, 518 

75,384,630 

107, 586, 952 

94,021,679 

89. 956, 585 

104, 550, 834 

93,275,841 

71,571,372 

84, 157, 667 

70, 372, 204 

85, 590, 033 

63.907,613 

90,442,019 

103, 743, 9.S6 

70.958,731 

95, 107, 314 

81,868,229 

79, 147, 674 

82,660,196 

79,619,909 

81,2.37,490 

83, 828, 976 

108, 120, 891 

109, 106, 087 

131,252,873 

77,838,043 

81,529,453 

68,413,362 

80, 986, 791 

101,494,120 

112,826,681 

87,993,277 

115,868,764 

1.52, 776, 5^9 

134, 486, 863 

149, 072, 519 



6, 468, 193 
5, 970, 170 
6, 610, 157 
7, 656, 622 
7,367,016 
7,215,022 
5,774,729 
7,925,720 
10, 849, 153 
1.5.802,226 
15,568,416 
18,004,911 
15, 685, 337 
15, 117, 604 
1.5,982,549 
15,978,296 
27 222 270 
32, 679, 791 
26, 735, 461 
24,677,243 
28, 435, 128 
29,640,823 
26,575,010 
29,111,744 
35,221,751 
37, 943, 095 
41,001,636 
45, 702, 5S0 
33,867,698 
35,040,3.50 
37, 142, 117 
40,707,708 
46. 692, 905 
48, 425, 760 
48,751,223 
50, 943, 299 
47, 135, 684 
45,291,099 
38,146,626 
36,269,637 
41,400,317 
34, 375, 9-15 
42, 822, 945 
36, 746, 577 
47, .869, 628 
3.6,101,7.33 
35,102,981 
36,454,283' 



3,362,916 
2,594,496 
2,396,092 
4,008,142 
4,868,090 
7,359,172 
7, 134, 861 ■ 
8, 468, 535 
8, 262, 546 
9, 987, 610 
30. 113, 312 
13, 166, 187 
14.2.34,480 
12, 936, 7.6.S 
13,991,781 
13,033,228 
10, 190, 074 
25, 002, 231 
25,084,760 
24,070,157 
23,290,941 
29, 790, 593 
21,791,359 
31,359,302 
32, 358, 929 
35,096,8.56 
53, 476, 366 
44, 959, 420 
37, 0.60, .698 
38,116,024 
30. 228, 424 
32,711.043 
27, 0^4, 891 
37, 673, 376 
30,876,091 
40, laS, 771 
40,737,041 
31,144,180 
24,903,009 
24,873,148 
31,582,910 
39,647,600 
41,223,759 
30,214,904 
40,SC8.2.'-S 
34, .696, 792 
38, 183, 755 
33,502,616 



2 Includes specie. 



' Includes specie in foreign exports. 



4358 TEEEITOEIAL A^D COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. [Mat, 

' Peogress of the United States in 



YEARS. 



1800.. 
1810. . 
1820.. 
1830.. 
1840.. 
1850. . 
1S51.. 
18.52.. 
1853.. 
1854.. 
1855.. 
1866.. 
18.57.. 
1858.. 
1859. . 
I860.. 
1861.. 
1862.. 
1863. . 
1864. . 
1865. . 
1866.. 
1867.. 
1868.. 
1869. . 
1870. . 
1871.. 
1872.. 
1873.. 
1874.. 
1875.. 
1876.. 
1877.. 
1878. . 
1879.. 
1880.. 
1881. . 
1882.. 
1883.. 
18^4.. 
1885.. 
1886.. 
1887.. 
1888.. 
1889.. 
1890.. 
1891.. 
1892.. 
1893., 
1894., 
1695. 
1896. 
1897. 
1898. 
1899. 
1900. 
1901. 
1902. 
1903. 



STATISTICS OF FARMS.' 



Number 
of farms. 



Persons 
engaged 
in agri- 
culture. 



Number. 



Value of 
farms and 

farm 
property. 



Dollars. 



Value of 
products. 



Dollars. 



FARM ANIMALS. 



Total value. 



Dollars. 



Cattle. 



Number. 



Number. 



Sheep. 



Number. 



Mules. 



Number. 



Swine. 



Number. 



PEODUCTIOM OP PEINCIFAL COM- 
MODITIES. 



Wool. 



Pounds. 



Wheat. 



Bushels, 



Corn. 



Bushels. 



1,449,073 



3, 967, 343, 580 



544,180,516 



14,971,586 
17,778,907 



64,335,669 
4,336,719 



19,311,374 
21,773,220 



559,331 



26,301,293 
30,354,213 



35,802,114 
62,515,959 



84,823,272 
100, 485, 944 



377, .531, 8 
692,071,104 



2,044,07 



7,980,493,060 



1,089,329,915 



25, 616, 019 



6,249,174 



22,471,275 



1,151,148 



33,512,867 



2,659,98.5; 5,922,471 



»8, 944, 857, 749 n, 958, 030, 927 



4,008,907 



4,564,641 



5,739,657 



7,713,875 



12,180,501,538 



8,565,926 



16,082,267,689 



10,438,219 20,514,001,838 



2,212,540,927 



1,460,107,454 



" 3,764,177,706 



903, 
1, 136, 
1,524, 
1,623, 
],.504, 
1, 494, 
1, 4.54, 
1,438, 
1,400, 
1,463, 
1,512, 
1,445, 
1,676, 
1,721, 
1,906, 
2,338, 
2,407, 
2,456, 
2,365, 
2,400, 
2,409, 
2,507, 
2,418, 
2,329, 
2,461, 
2,483, 
2, 170, 
1,819, 
1,727, 
1, 655, 
1,888, 
1, 997, 
2,228, 
3, Oil, 
2,989, 
3, 102, 



582,736 
190, 821 
084, 545 

960. 149 
440, 379 
271,924 
615, 523 
169, 184 
233,086 
743,91' 
072, 515 
233, 873 
423,062 
917,556 
795,252 
468,252 
215,768 
808,924 
428,383 
159, 862 
586,938 
043, 418 
050,058 
766, 028 
787, 770 
755,698 
506,681 
816,754 
446, 300 
920,084 
414, 612 
654, 92." 
010, 40: 
123, 134 
254,076 

170. 150 
515, 540 



20,079,725 

20,634,0-52 

21,433,099 

25, 484, 100 

26,235,200 

26, 693, 300 

26,989,700 

20, 923, 400 

27,220,200 

27,870,700 

29,216,900 

30, .523, 400 

33,234,600 

33,258,000 

33,307,363 

35,891,870 

41,171,762 

42, 617, 307 

43,771,295 

45, 510, 630 

48,033,833 

49, 234, 

50,331,142 

52, 801, 90' 

52,895,239 

54,067,590 

62,378,283 

53,095,568 

50,868,845 

48,222,995 

4G, 450, 135 

46, 105, 083 

43,984,340 

43,902,414 

62,333,870 

61,424,599 

01,764,433 



5,401,263 
6,766,940 
6,332,793 
8, 248, 800 
8,702,000 
8,990,900 
9, 222, 470 
9,333,800 
9,504,200 
9, 735, 300 
10, 155, 400 
10,329,700 
10,938,700 
11,201,800 
11, 429, 026 
10,521,554 
10, 638, 110 
11, 169, 683 
11, 564, .572 
12,077,657 
12, 496, 744 
13,172,936 
13, 663, 294 
11,213,837 
14, 056, 750 
15,498,140 
10, 206, 602 
16,081,139 
15,693,318 
15, 124, 057 
14, 364, 667 
13,960,911 
13, 665, 307 
13, 637, 524 
16,744,723 
16,531,2 
16, 557, 3 



39,385,386 
38,991,912 
37, 724, 279 
40,853,000 
31,851,000 
31,679,300 
33, 002, 400 
33, 938, 200 
33, 783, 600 
35, 935, 300 
35, 804, 200 
36, 740, 500 
38, 123, 800 
40, 705, 900 
43, 569, 899 
45,016,224 
49,237,291 
60,026,626 
50,360,243 
48, 322, 331 
44,759,314 
44,544,755 
42,599,079 
44,336,072 
43, 421, 136 
44, 938, 365 
47,273,5.53 
45,048,01 
42,294,06-1 
38,298,783 
36, 818, 64: 
37, 056, 960 
39, 114, 453 
41,883,065 
59,756, 71S 
62, 039, 091 
03, 904, 870 



822,386 
855, 685 
921, 662 
1, 179, 500 
242, 300 
276,300 

310. 000 
339, 350 
393, 750 

,414,500 
443,500 
637,500 
713, 100 
729,500 
720,731 
835, 169 
871,079 
914, 126 
972,569 
052, 593 
117,141 
191,727 
257,574 
331,027 
296, 532 
314,699 
331,128 
352,231 
333, 108 
278,946 
215, 654 
190,282 
134,213 
086,027 
864,458 

757. 01 
728,088 



24, 693, 634 
24, 317, 258 
23,316,470 
26,761,400 
29,457,500 
31,796,300 
32, 032, 050 
30, 800, 900 
28, 062, 200 
25,726,800 
28, 077, 100 
32, 262, 500 
34,766,100 
34,034,100 
36, 247, 683 
44,122,200 
43,270,086 
44,200,893 
45, 142, 657 
46, 092, 043 
44, 612, 836 
44, 346, 525 
50, 301, 592 
51, 602, 
60, 625, 106 
52, 398, 019 
46, 094, 80' 
45,206,498 
44,165,716 
42, 842, 759 
40, 600, 276 
39, 759, 993 
38,651,631 
37, 079, 356J 
56,982,142' 
48, 698, 890, 
46, 922, 6241 



204,913 
000, 000 
000,000 
000,000 
000,000 
000,000 
000. 000 
000,000 
OOi), 000 
000,000 

000, oon 

000,000 
000,000 
000,000 
000,000 
000,000 
000, 000 
000,000 
250,000 
000, 000 
600, 000 
000,000 
000,000 
000,000 
000, 000 
000,000 
000,000 
000, 000 
000,000 
000,000 
000,J300 

ooo,'ooo 

000,000 
153,000 
057.384 
748, 000 
474,708 
153,251 
720, 684 
191, .330 
636, 621 
602, 328 
341,032 
450, 000 



173,104,924 



838,792,740 



1-51,999, 
212,441, 
224,030, 
260, 146, 
235, 884, 
230, 722, 
249,997, 
281,254, 
308, 102, 
292, 136, 
289, 3-56, 
364,194, 
420, 122, 
448, 756, 
498, 649, 
383, 280, 
504, 185, 
421,086, 
512, 765, 
357, 112, 
457, 218, 
456, 329, 
415, 868, 
490,560, 
399,262, 
611,780, 
515, 949, 
396,131, 
460, 267, 
467, 102, 
427, 084, 
630, 1-19, 
075, 148, 
547, 303, 
522,229, 
748,460, 
670, 063, 
637, 821, 



867,940,295 
768,320,000 
906, 527, 000 
874,320,000 
094, 2.55, 000 
991,898,000 
092,719,000 
932,274,000 
850, 148, 500 
321,069,000 
283,827,500 
342, 558, 000 
388, 218, 750 
547,901,790 
717, 434, 543 
194,916,000 
617, 025, 100 
551,066,895 
795, 528, 000 
936,176,000 
(■65,441,000 
456,161,000 
987, 790, 000 
112, 892, 000 
489,970,000 
060, 154, 000 
628,464,000 
619, 496, 131 
212,770,052 
1-51, 138, 580 
283, 875, 165 
902, 967, 933 
924,184,660 
078, 143, 933 
105, 102, 516 
622, 519, 891 
623, 648, 312 
244, 176, 925 



I No official figures in other than census years. 

8 Pennsylvania antlifacite shipments only from 1820 to 1867; entire coal prod- 
uct from 1868 to date. 
3 Includes custom work. 
* Estimated average for the period. 



6 Includes mules. 
» Product of 1845. 

' In addition to this amount it Js estimated some 10,000,000 barrels ran to wasts 
in and prior to 1862 for want of a market. 



l! 



1904] TEEKITOKIAL AND COMirERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 

ITS Material Industries — Continued. 



4359 



PKODUCTION OP 

PKINCIPAL 

COMMODITIES. 



Cotton. 



Bales. 

155,650 

310, 000 

600,061 

976,815 

2.177,835 

2,333,718 

2,4*1,412 

3, 120, 310 

3, 416, 214 

3,074,979 

2, 982, 63 

S, 655, 557 

3, 093, 737 

3,257,339 

4,018,914 

4,861,292 

3,819,469 

I 4,500,000 

> 1,600,000 

8 450,000 

8300,000 

2, 154, 476 

1,951,988 

2,430,893 

2,260,557 

3,114,592 

4,347,00(1 

2,974,351 

3, 930, .508 

4,170,388 

3,827,845 

4,032,313 

4,474,069 

4,773,865 

5,074,155 

5,761,252 

6, 605, 750 

5,456,018 

6, 949, 756 

5, 713, 200 

5,706,105 

6, 575, 091 

6,505,087 

7,046,833 

6,935,290 

7,311,32; 

8, 652, ,59 

9,03.5,379 

6, 700, 365 

7,549,817 

9,901,251 

7, 1,57, 346 

8, 757, 964 

11,199,994 

11,274,810 

9,436,4111 

10, aS3, 422 

10, 680. est) 

10,727,0.591 



Cane 
sugar. 



Tcms. 



09,246 
110, 526 



172, 45i 

234,444 

185, 145, 

123, 468' 

39, 000: 

143,736' 

193,316' 

119, 040! 

122, 644 

240, 996, 

46,00OJ 

37,973 

5,000: 

9, 232 

22, 500 

23, OOo! 

45,000| 

46,800 

79,600 

69, 800 

60, 193 

48,50o| 

63,500[ 

77,000 

89,000 

71,000 

112,000 

92,80: 

127, 367 

76,37; 

142,29' 

135, 243 

100, 876| 

135, 158: 

85, 394 j 

167, SH^ 

153,909 

136, 503 

221,951 

165,437 

206, 816 

272, 913 

325, 621 

242, 693 

287,57sl 

316, 1831 

248, 954 

149, 191 j 

273,229, 

310,614] 

293, 397 



PKODUCTION OF MINERALS. 



Precious metals. 



Gold. 



Dollars. 



■12,463 
* 73, 112 
* 564,950 
'11,697,829 
50, 000, 000 
55,000,000 
60,000,000 
65,000,000 
60,000,000 
55, OOO, 000 
65, 000, 000 
55,000,000 
50, 000, 000 
50, 000, 000 
46, 000, 000 
43, 000, 000 
39,200,000 
40, 000, 000 
46, 100, 000 
53,225,000 
53, .500, 000 
51,725,000 
4,S, COO, 000 
49,500,000 
50,000,000 
43,500,000 
36, 000, 000 
36,000,000 
33, 500, 000 
33,400,000 
39, 900, 000 
46,900,000 
51,200,000 
38,900,000 
36, 000, 000 
34,700,000 
32,500,000 
30,000,000 
30,800,000 
31,800,000 
35,000,000 
33,000,000 
33,167,500 
32,967,000 
32,845,000 
33, 175, 000 
33,014,981 
35, 955, 000 
39,500,000 
46, 610, 000 
53, 0S8, 300 
57,363,000 
6-1, 463, 000 
71,053,400 
79,171,000 
78, 666, 700 
80,000,000 
74,425,340 



Silver. 



Dollars. 



Coal.2 



Tons. 



60,000 

50,000 

50,000 

50,000 

50,000 

60,000 

50,000 

50,000 

500,000 

100,000 

150,000 

2,000,000 

4,500,000 

8,500,000 

11,000,000 

11,250,000 

10, 000, 000 

13, 500, 000 

12, 000, 000 

12,000,000 

16, 000, 000 

23,000,000 

28, 750, 000 

35, 750, 000 

37, 300, 000 

31,700,000 

38,800,000 

39,800,000 

45,200,000 

40,800,000 

39, 200, 000 

43, 000, 000 

46, 800, 000 

46,200,000 

48, 800, 000 

51,600,000 

51,000,000 

53,350,000 

59,206,700 

64,768,730, 

70,485,714 

75, 416, 565 

82,101,010 

77,575,757 

64,000,000 

72, 051, 000 

76, 069, 236 

69, 637, 172' 

70,384,485' 

70,806,620: 

74, 533, 495 

71,387,800 

71,757,576 

73, 076, 100 



365 

179,734 

864, 379 

3, 358, 899 

4,418,916 

4,993,471 

5, 195, 151 

6, 002, 334 

6,608,567 

6, 927, 580 

6, 644, 941 

6,839,369 

7, 808, 255 

8, .513, 123 

7, 954, 261 

7, 869, 407 

9,500,006 

10,177,475 

9, 6.52, 391 

12, 703, 882 

12, 988, 725 

28,258,000 

23, 268, 000 

32, 803, 000 

41,;jS4,0OO 

45, 416, 000 

61,001,000 

46,916,000 

40,086,000 

47,500,000 

53, 948, 000 

51,655,000 

69,333,000 

63, 822, 830 

76,865,3.5' 

92,219,454 

102,867,969 

106,900,295 

99,069,210 

101,500,024 

116,051,974 

13'2, 731,613 

126, 097, 869 

140,866,931 

150,605,9.54 

100,115,24 

102, 814, 97 

1.52, 447, 791 

172, 426, 306 

171,416,390 

178,771,131 

196,407,382 

220,554,635 

240,789,309 

261,874,836 

269,277,178 



Gallons. 



21 

88, 

' 1'2S, 

109, 

88, 

104, 

151, 

140, 

153, 

177, 

220, 

218, 

264, 

415, 

458, 

10 510, 

383, 

560. 

646, 

836, 

1,104, 

1,101, 

1,281, 

984, 

1,017, 

91.S, 

1. 178, 

1,187, 

1, 159, 

1,470, 

1, 924, 

2,280, 

•2,121, 

2, 034, 

2, 072, 

2, 221, 

2,560, 

2,539, 

2, 325, 

2, 390, 

2,661, 

2, 914, 

3,728, 



84,000 
000,000 
771,678 
380,980 
674,97 
870,578 
903, 403 
103,400 
586,600 
136, 914 
030,000 
951,290 
619,828 
314, 148 
539, 012 
931,690 
825, 588 
672, 098 
715, 246 
668, 456 
394,132 
017, 166 
771,996 
454,860 
884, 586 
174, 396 
068, 970 
723, 322 
906, 286 
705,050 
867, .516 
652, 224 
291, 510 
405, 594 
104, 
469, 672 
475, 592 
335,162 
971,672 
297, 780 
975,700 
233,568 
346,148 
210, 472 



rig iron. 



Tons. 



20,000 
165,000 
'280, 903 
663, 755 



651 

700, 

788, 

712, 

629, 

750, 

821, 

6.53, 

703, 

846, 

1, 014, 

831, 

1,205, 

1,305, 

1,431, 

1,711, 

1,605, 

1,700, 

2, 548, 

2, 560, 

2,401, 

2, 023, 

1, 868, 

2,066, 

2, 301, 

2,741, 

3,836, 

4, 144, 

4,023, 

4,59.5, 

4,097, 

4,044, 

5, 683, 

6,417, 

6,489, 

7,603, 

9, 202, 

8,279, 

9, 157, 

7, 124, 

6,667, 

9,446, 

8, 6-23, 

9, 652, 

11,773, 

13, 620, 

13, 789, 

15,878, 

17,8'21, 

18,009, 



33S 

1.59 

515 

040 

648 

560 

223 

164 

270 

075 

282 

770 

66; 

023 

250 

287 

179 

793 

713 

963 

262 

733 

961 

594 

215 

853 

191 

254 

3; 

510 

868 

626 

339 

14fi 

738 

&42 

703 

87o| 3, 

OOOi 4, 

502 4, 



Steel. 



Copper. 



Tons. 



Total value 
all min- 
eral pro- 
duetion 
in U.S. 



Tons. 



308 6, 
127 5, 
680 7, 
9'34[ 8, 
70310, 
24210, 
35j'l3, 
307|14, 
252 .. 



19,643 
26, 780 
31,250 
68,750 
73, 214 
142,954 
198,796 
215,727 
389, 799[ 
533,191 
569, OlSj 
731,977! 
935, 273J 
247, 335| 
588,314 
736, 692 
673, .5351 
560, 879 
711,9'20 
562, 503 
339,071 
899, 440 
385, 732 
277, 071 
901,240 
9'2r,.5.Sl 
019, 995 
412,03; 
114,831 
281,689 
1.56, 95' 
932, 8.V 
639, 85' 
188, 329 
473, .595 
947,250 



Dollars. 



900 
1,100 
2,000 
2,250 



;,ooo. 

000. 
800. 

500! . 
30o[. 
200. 
500 . 
000. 
500|. 
000 . 
500j. 
900'. 

oooL 



J - 



218, 598, 994 



TOTAL MANTTFACrrRING INDrSTRIES OF THE 

CNITED STATES." 



Num- 
ber of 
estab- 
lish- 
ments. 



Average 
number 
of em- 
ployees. 



140,433 



957, 059 



Wages and 

salaries 

paid. 



236,755,464 



I 



Value of 
products.' 



Dollars. 



1,019,106,016 



YEARS. 



1,311,216 



252,148;2,053,996 



378,878,966 1,885,861,676 



75,584,343 4,232,325,442 



369, 
406, 
457, 
453, 
412 
427, 
445, 
520, 
540, 
550, 
619, 
023, 
018, 
674, 
527, 
621, 
622, 
631, 
098, 
972, 
1,063, 
1,085, 
1,260, 



319, 
175, 
595, 
441, 
989, 
898, 
786, 
714, 
781, 
870, 
648, 
171, 
895, 
461, 
079, 
295, 
■%, 
186, 
550, 
152, 
620, 
,590, 
,649, 



253, 852 2, 732, 595 947, 953, 795 5, 369, 579, 191 



355, 415 4, 712, 622 2, 283, 216, 529 9, 372, 437, 283 



512, 734 5. 719, 137 2, 735, 430, 848 



13,039,279,566 



l.SOO 

1810 

1820 

1830 

1840 

1850 

1851 

.....1852 

1853 

1854 

1855 

1856 

1857 

1858 

1859 

1860 

1861 

1862 

1863 

1864 

1865 

1866 

1807 

1808 

1869 

1870 

1871 

1872 

1873 

1874 

1875 

1876 

1877 

1878 

1879 

1880 

1881 

1882 

1883 

18&J 

1885 

1886 

1887 

1888 

1889 

1890 

1891 

1892 

1893 

ISM 

1895 

1896 

1897 

1898 

1899 

1900 

1901 

1902 

1903 



8 Estimated by J. L. Watkins, Departmeut of Agriculture. 
» Gold values. 



If Including all production prior to 1876 in Ohio, West Virginia, and California. 
11 Does not include value of products fed to live stock. 



4360 TEEEITOEIAL AJSD COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. [May, 

Peogeess of the United States in 



• 


MANUFACTDRES OF IRON AND STEEL. 


TIN PLATES. 


MANUFACTURES OF COTTON.' 


YEAE. 


Number 

of 

establish- 

ments.s 


Wages find 
Balariea 
paid.2 


Value of 
products.2 


Imports. 


Exports. 


Imports. 


Production. 


Number 

of 

establish- 

ments.2 


Wages and 
salaries 
paid.2 


Value of 
products.2 


Exports 
(domestic). 


Imports. 


1800 




Dottars. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 

62, 144 

91,914 

46, 552 

322, 747 

1,127,877 

1,953,702 

2,336,587 

2,368,384 

2,541,554 

4, 249, 959 

3, 803. 706 

4,256,613 

4,959,238 

4,843,592 

5,577,748 

5,870,114 

6,039,149 

4,732,348 

6,681,417 

7,541,%7 

11,227,294 

4,006,180 

9,351,062 

10,950,275 

10,938,492 

13,483,163 

21,189,692 

11,463,880 

13,655,087 

1.5,098,248 

19,534,215 

15,449,846 

16,601,638 

16,053,571 

16,133,493 

14,716,524 

16, 608, 767 

20,748,206 

22,826,528 

21,909.881 

16,592,155 

15,745,569 

15, 958, .502 

17,763,034 

21,156,077 

25,542,208 

28,909,614 

28,800.930 

30, 106, 482 

29,220,264 

32.000,989 

41,160,877 

57, 497, 872 

70,406,885 

93,716,031 

121,913,648 

117,319,320 

98,652,562 

96,042,467 


Pounds. 


Pounds net. 




Dollars. 


Dollars. 


DoUars. 


Dollars. 


1810 
























IgOQ 






















7,812,326 
6,774,013 
6,504,104 
20,108,719 
22,164,442 
19,089,496 
27,731,363 
33,949,503 
17,757,112 
25. 917, 999 
28,685,726 
18,584,810 
26, 976. 381 
33.215,641 
25,271,382 
8,890,119 
14,121,589 
14,341,601 
9,223,686 
27,502,194 
19,302,005 
17,335,406 
20. 481, 312 
23,380,053 
29,876,640 
35,307,447 
35,201,324 
28,193,869 
27.738,401 
22,725,698 
18,923,614 
19,081,037 
19,928,310 
29,929,366 
31,219,329 
35,719,791 
38.036,044 
29,074,626 
27,197,241 
29.709,266 
28,940,353 
28,917,799 
26,805,942 
29,918,055 
29, 712, 624 
28,323,841 
33,560,293 
22, 346, 547 
33,196,626 
32,437,504 
34,429,363 
27,267,300 
32,054,434 
41,296,239 
40,246,936 
44, 460, 126 
62,462,755 










6,346,287 
8,157,923 
20,145,067 
22,439,297 
23,568,649 
34,944,002 
35,456,143 
28,693,979 
29,050,101 
30,743,649 
20,171,007 
22,379,743 
26,158,235 
21,160,235 
11,451,707 
16,152,843 
23,822,876 
16,660,991 
25,598,147 
31,630,519 
30,346,708 
38,213.717 
40,273,682 
53,024,075 
67,852,616 
74,30-2,102 
46,786,469 
31,432,380 
23,197,417 
19, 320, 927 
18,987,130 
19,594,608 
71,266,699 
60,604,477 
67,976,897 
58,495,246 
40,147,053 
33,610,093 
37,534,078 
49,203,164 
48,992,757 
42,377,793 
41,679,591 
53,544,372 
28,928,103 
34,937,974 
20.925,769 
23,048,515 
25,338,103 
16,094,557 
12,626,431 
12,103,440 
20, 478, 728 
17,874,789 
27,180,247 
51,617,312 












1,318,183 
3,549,607 
4,734,424 
7,241,205 
7,672,151 
8,768,894 
6,635.516 
6,857,181 
6,967,309 
6,115,177 
5,651,604 
8,316,222 
10, 934, 796 
7,957,038 
2,946,464 
2,906,411 
1,456.901 
3,451,561 
1, 780, 175 
4,608,235 
4,871,0.54 
6,874,222 
3,787,282 
3,568,236 
2,30-1,330 
2,947.528 
3,09.5,840 
4,071,882 
7,722,978 
10.235,843 
11,438.660 
10.853,950 
9,981,418 
13,671,387 
13,222,979 
12,9.=.1,146 
11.885,211 
11,836,591 
1.3,9.=.9,934 
14,929.342 
13,013,189 
10, 212, 614 
9,999,277 
13,604,857 
13,226,277 
11,809,356 
14,340,886 
13, 789, 810 
16,837,396 
21,037,678 
17, 024, 092 
23.566,914 
24,003.087 
20,272,418 
32,108,362 
32,216,304 
































1,094 




61,869,184 


1851 














18.50 




































1854 . . 


















1855 


















1856 


















1857 




































1859 


















I860 












1,091 


23,940,108 


115,681,774 


1861 












1862 


















1863 


















1864 


















1865 


















1866 


















1SB7 


















1S6S 


















1869 ... 








181,619,088 
150,932,768 
178,976,224 
196,522,704 
192. 485, 440 
109,318,912 
190,663,200 
198,310,672 
222,608,736 
244,821,360 
276,537,072 
379,902,880 
370,007,568 
440,929,328 
484,038,688 
507. 894, 75C 
607. 1.54, 935 
572,252,699 
572,220,397 
634,944,945 
735 779 988 










1870 


808 


40,514,981 


207,208,696 




956 


39,044,132 


177,489,739 


1871 




1872 
















1873 
















1874 
















1875 
















1876 
















1877 
















1878 
















1879 
















1880 


1,005 


55,476,785 


296,557,685 




756 


45,614,419 


192,090,110 


1881 




1882 
















1883 
















188J 
















1885 










::::::::::;;;;:::;; 




1886 
















1887 
















1888 
















1889 
















1890 


719 


95,736,192 


478,687,519 


680,000,925 
1,036,489,074 
422.176.202 
628. 425, 902 
454,160,626 
608.038,938 
385,138,983 
230,073,683 
171,662,345 
108.484.826 
147,963,804 
117,880,312 
198, 996. 086 
109,913,293 




905 


69,489,272 


267,981,724 


1891. 


s 2,236,743 
42, 119, 192 
123,606,707 
166, 343, 409 


1892 














1893 














1894 












1895 








254,611,395 
559,209,798 
574,779,620 
732,289,600 
808,360,000 
677,969,600 
894,411,840 
819,840,000 








1896 














1897 














1898 














1899 














1900 


725 


134,739,004 


835,759,034 


1,055 


94,039,961 


339,200,320 


1901 


1902 












1903 



























> Does not include hosiery and knit goods. 



8 No official figures in other than census years. 



1904.] TEERITORIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 

ITS Material Industries— Continued. 



4361 



COTTON MOVEMENT. 



Domes- 
tic 
cotton 
taken 

by U. S. 
millii. 



1.000 
bates. 



4CI 
699 
803 
73' 
706 
771 
820 
69S 
92' 
979 
8-13 



668 

723 

9C8 

595 

857 

1, 103 

1,097 

1,201 

1,320 

1,201 

1,3,54 

l,-429 

1, -196 
1,561 
1,795 
1,93S 
1,964 
2,072 
1,877 
1,753 
2, 1C2 

2, OSS 
2,261 
2,270 
2,325 
2,640 
2,856 
2,375 
2,291 
2,871 
2,505 
2,792 

3, 465 
3, 632 
3,644 
3, 54 
■i,0S3 
3, 921 



Exports of domestic 
cotton. 



Quantities. 



Pounds. 



298, 

743, 

635, 

927, 

1,093, 

1,111, 

987, 

1,008, 

1,351, 

1,048, 

1,118, 



1,386, 

1,767, 

307, 

5, 

11 

11, 

8, 

650, 

661, 

784, 

644, 

958, 

1,462, 

933, 

1,200, 

1,358, 

1,200, 

1,491, 

1,445, 

1,607, 

1, 628, 

1,822, 

2,190, 

1,739, 

2,288, 

1,862, 

1,891, 

2,058, 

2, 169, 

2, 264, 

2,384, 

2,471, 

2,907, 

2, 935, 

2,212, 

2, 683, 

3,517, 

2, 335, 

3, 103, 

3,8.50, 

3,773, 

3, 100, 

3, 330, 

3, 500, 

3, 543, 



459,102 
941,061 
381,604 
237, 089 
230, 039 
570,370 
833. 106 
424,601 
431,701 
282, 475 
624,012 
468,562 
686,338 
516, 099 
064,564 
384,986 
993, 911 
894,374 
572, 829 
473,588 
763, 633 
327, 921 
558,623 
928,024 
537,413 
063, 530 
602, 303 
418, ', 03 
405, 334 
309, 130 
533,511 
372, 833 
061,114 
928, 772 
975,961 
075,002 
672, 630 
659, 472 
037, 444 
457,330 
120, 826 
816, 069 
799, 853 
358, 795 
219,811 
115,126 
282, 325 
533, 109 
226, 386 
754, 949 
264,295 
410, 293 
583, 188 
890, 44S 
778, 703 
043, o; 



Values. 



Dollars. 



29,6 

63,8 

71 
112 

87 
109 

93 



9.84, 
315, 
905, 
456,' 



r4,883 

!Q, 307 

616 

;,317 

732 

1,404 

596, 220 

143, 844 

382, 351 

575, 859 

386, 661 

434, 923 

806,555 

051,483 

180, 113 

652, 405 

895, 854 

836, 400 

385, 223 

470,423 

820,733 

633, 052 

027. 624 
327, 109 
684, 595 
213,069 
223, 580 

638. 625 
659, 262 
118,608 
031,484 
304, 250 
535, 905 
695, 746 
812,644 
328, 721 
015,204 
962,468 
085, 642 
222, 057 
016, 760 
775,270 
968,792 
712, 898 

,461,241 
771,445 
869, 289 
900, 990 
056, 460 
890, 971 
442,215 
209, 664, 774 
241,832,737 
313,673,443 
290,051,819 
316, 180, 429 



Raw cotton 
imported. 



Pounds. 
4,239,987 
346, 223 



415, 
774, 
269, 
157, 
244, 
722, 
545, 
115, 
096, 
802, 
590, 
743, 
005, 
881, 
640, 
877, 
475, 
033, 
282, 
926, 
514, 
522, 
698, 
196, 
894, 
425, 
625, 
149, 
451, 
656, 
032, 
993, 
547 
449, 
339, 
081 
019, 
116, 
072, 
924, 
497, 
973, 
606, 
90S, 
663, 
307, 
705, 
332, 
350, 
898, 
600, 
158, 
398, 
631 
715, 
874 



Num- 
ber of 
cstab- 
lish- 
ments.2 



MANHFACTURES OP WOOL.' 



1,675 



1,476 



3,208 



2,330 



1,693 



Wages 

and 
salaries 
paid.2 



Dollars 



11,699,630 



35, 928, 150 



40,687,612 



Value 
of prod- 
ucts." 



Dollars 



48,608,779 



Imports. 



Dollars. 



73, 454, 000 



199,257,262 



238, 085, 686 



58,397,470 270,527,511 



1, 414 64, 389, 312 290, 990, 484 



5 


598, 


5 


902, 


10 


808, 


19 


620, 


22 


358, 


20 


611, 


31 


819, 


37 


904, 


27 


754, 


35 


582, 


35 


289, 


29 


534, 


37 


295, 


43 


141, 


30 


430, 


15 


639, 


21 


524, 


33 


349, 


21 


929, 


58 


719, 


46 


502, 


32 


489, 


34 


628, 


34 


490, 


43 


839, 


52 


408, 


61 


075, 


46 


883, 


44 


609, 


33 


209, 


25 


701, 


25 


230, 


24 


355, 


33 


Oil, 


31 


156, 


37 


361, 


44 


274, 


41 


157, 


35 


776, 


41 


421, 


44 


902, 


47 


719, 


52 


564, 


56 


682, 


41 


060, 


36 


665, 


38 


048, 


19 


439, 


38 


539, 


53 


494, 


49 


102, 


14 


823, 


13 


832, 


16 


164, 


14 


585, 


17 


384, 


19 


546, 



Raw wool 
imported. 



Founds. 



669, 

9, 898, 

18, 695, 

32, 607, 

18, 343, 

21,616, 

20,228, 

IS, 599, 

14, 778, 

16, 605, 

(=) 

(') 

(') 

(') 

42,131, 

73,931, 

90, 404, 

43,877, 

67,918, 

16, 568, 

24, 124, 

39, 275, 

49, 230, 

68, 058, 

122,266, 

85, 496, 

42, 939, 

54,901, 

44,642, 

42,171, 

48, 449, 

39, 005, 

128,131, 

5.5,964, 

67,861, 

70, 575, 

78, 350, 

70, 596 

129,084 

114,038, 

113,5.58, 

120, 4.S7: 

10.5,431, 

129, 303, 

148, 070, 

172, 433, 

55, 152, 

206,033. 

230,911, 

350,852, 

132, 795, 

76, 736, 

155, 928, 

103,583, 

160,576, 

177,137, 



MANUPACTUHES OP SILK. 



Num- 
ber of 
estab- 
lish- 
ments.2 



86 



382 



Wages 

and 
salaries 
paid. 2 



Dollars. 



1,050,224 



1,942,286 



9,146,705 



17,702,441 



Value 

of prod- 

ucts.2 



Dollars. 



1,609,476 



6,607,771 



12,210,662 



41,033,045 



87,298,454 



483 20, 982, 194 107, 256, 258 



Imports. 



Dollars. 



7, 918, 534 
9,601,522 
17,639,624 
25,777,245 
21,651,752 
30,434,886 
34, 696, 831 
24,360,556 
30, 226, 532 
27,800,319 
21,105,454 
27, 833, 144 
32, 726, 134 
22,516,709 
7, 584, 448 
12, 836, 434 
20, 588, 974 
22, 573, .582 
30, 842, 393 
26, 164, 007 
16,670,083 
22,333,600 
23, 904, 048 
32,341,001 
36, 448, 618 
29, 890, 035 
23, 996, 782 
24,3.80,923 
23, 745, 967 
21,830,159 
19, 837, 972 
24,013,398 
32,188,690 
32,056,701 
38, 985, 567 
36, 704, 270 
36, 073, 646 
27, 407, 565 
27, 9.57, 939 
31,347,923 
33, 360, 999 
35,122,766 
38, 686, 374 
37,880,143 
31,172,894 
38,958,928 
24,811,' 
31,206,002 
26, 052, 768 
25, 199, 06' 
23, 523, 665 
25, 109, 074 
30,894,373 
26, 842, 138 
32, 640, 242 
3o,903,552| 



Raw silk 
imported. 



YEAR. 



Pounds. 



.1800 
.1810 
.1820 



..1830 
..1810 
..18.50 
..1851 
..1852 
-.1853 
..1854 
..1855 
..1856 
..1857 
..16.58 
..1859 
..I860 
. .1861 

1 1862 

1 1863 

407,935 1864 

288,286' 1863 

567,904' 1866 

491,983' 1867 

512.449' 1868 

720,043' 1809 

583, .589 1870 

l,100,28l' 1871 



.1872 
.1873 
.1874 
.1875 



1,003,809 

1,159,420 

794,837 

1,101,681 

l,354,99l| 1876 

1,186,170' 1877 

1,182,750 1878 

1,689,776' 1(*79 

2,502,236' 1880 

2,790,413| 1881 

3,221,259' 1882 

4,209,015' 1883 

3,839,259' 1884 

4,085,787' 1885 

6,366,370 1886 

5,487,799' 1887 

5,910,153! 1888 

6, 551, 587j ...... 1889 

7,347,909' 1890 

6,184,570' 1891 

8,642,828' 1892 

8,310,318' 1893 

5,720,601' 1.894 

8,995,839i 1895 

9,084,920 1896 

7,993,444 1SS7 

12,077,459 1898 

11,236,840 1899 

13,013,714' 1900 

10,405,42s' 1901 

14,230,708 1902 

15,270,600' 1903 



' Quantity not stated. 



* Last six months. 



No. 11- 



-10 



4362 TEERITOEIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPANSION^ OF UXITED STATES. [May, 

Progress of the United States in 



YEAE. 



1800... 
ISIO... 
1820... 
1830... 
ISIO... 
1S50... 
18.-)1... 
1852... 
ISo3... 
18.5i... 
1855. . . 
1S56... 
1857... 
1S5S... 
1S59... 
1800... 
1801... 
18S2... 
18G3... 
186-1... 
1805... 
1860... 
1867... 
1868... 
1869... 
1870... 
1871... 
1872... 
1873... 
187i... 
1875... 
1870... 
1877... 
1878... 
1879... 
1880... 
1881... 
1882... 
1883... 
1884... 
1885... 
1886... 
1887... 
1888... 
1889... 
1890... 
1891... 
1892... 
1893... 
1894... 
1895... 
1890... 
1897... 
1898... 
1899... 
1900... 
1901... 
1902... 
1903... 



Crude 

rubber 

imported. 



Pounds. 



Imports. 



Quantities. 



Toiind 



Values. 



Dollars. 



Aver- 
age 
cost per 
lb. in 
foreign 
coun- 
try. 



Cents. 



Whole- 
sale 
prices of 
granu- 
lated at 
N.y. 
per lb. 



Cents. 



Total 
con- 
sump- 
tion. 



Con- 
sump- 
tion 
per 
capita. 



Pounds 



Imports. 



Quantities. 



Pounds. 



Values. 



Aver- 
age 
im- 
port 

price 

per lb. 

atN.y. 



Dollars. 



Cents. 



Pounds 



Con- 
sump- 
tion 
per 
capita. 
C) 



Quantities 



Imports. 



Pounds. 



Values. 



Aver- 
age 
im- 
port 
price 

per \h. 

atN.Y 



Dollars. 



Chits. 



Con- 
sump- 
tion 
per 
capita. 
(') 



Pounds 



2, 125, .561 
5, 104, 050 



8, 4as, 019 
7, 813, 134 
9, 624, 098 
11,031,939 
11, 803, 41 
14,536,978 
14,191,320 
12,035,909 
10,589,29' 
13,821,109 
12,512,203 
14, 878, .584 
16,826,099 
20,015,176 
22, 712, 802 
21,646,320 
24, 574, 025 
24,208,148 
29, 263, 632 
28, 649, 446 
36, 628, 351 
32, 339, 503 
33,842,374 
33,712,089 
39,970,205 
41, 547, 080 
33, 757, 783 
39,741,60"j 
36, 774, 460 
35,574,449, 
46, 055, 497 
51,063,066 
49,377,138J 
55, 275, 529 
50,413,481 
55,010,671 



86 
120, 
218, 
380, 
457, 
464 
455, 
473, 
515, 
776, 
619: 
655, 
694: 
809, 
557: 

518: 
632: 

651 
1,000, 

849, 
1,121 
1,217, 
1,196, 
1,277: 
1,509, 
1,508 
1,701: 
1,797: 
1, 4S'3: 
1,654: 
1, 537: 
1,834: 
1, 829 
1,940 
1,990 
2,137, 
2,756: 
2,717: 
2, 689, 
3, 136, 
2, 700, 
2,702, 
2,934 
3,483, 
3,656, 
3, 766, 
4,34.5, 
3, 674, 
3, 896, 
4, 918, 
2, 689: 
3, 980, 
4,018, 
3, 975 
3,031 
4,210: 



490, 113 
940,747 

430. 764 
402,289 
511,093 
402,2: 
928,685 
809,847 
220, 430 
981,202 
200, 387 
816,362 
838, 19: 
749,958 
738, 382 
591,861 
230, 247 
936, 494 
055,024 
054,000 
189,415 
833, 430 
773,569 
473,653 
185,674 
304, 592 
297, 869 
509, 990 
977,472 
550, 831 
451, 934 
305,830 
291, 684 
745,205 
152,374 
607, 665 
416, 896 
884, 653 

881. 765 
443, 240 
284,282 
202, 907 
Oil, 600 
477, 225 
609, 165 
445, S47 
193, 881 
510, 454 
338, 567 
905, 733 
920, 851 
250, 509 
086, 530 
005,840 
915, 875 
108, 106 



4,630,922 
5,581,078 
7,655,003 
13,841,471 
14, 712, 818 
14,987,831 
13, 702, 781 
14, 676, 316 
22, 534, 414 
42, 774, 614 
23,434,508 
30, 577, 336 
31,078,970 
30, 037, 89' 
20, 367, 090 
19, 082, 017 
29, 600, 070 
27, 325, 1 
40, 669, 172 
35,941,253 
49, 496, 102 
60, 407, 202 
60, 923, 745 
04, 021, 239 
81,213,001 
82, 716, 963 
81, 887, 463 
73, 330, 566 
58, 120, 583 
84, 978, 182 
73,090,958 
72, 078, 688 
80,087,720 
80, 070, 624 
90, 439, 075 
91,637,992 
98, 264, 60' 
72, 519, 514 
80,773,744 
78,411,224 
74,245,200 
88,543,971 
90, 094, 532 
105,728,216 
104,408,813 
116,255,781 
126, 871, 889 
70,402,830 
89, 219, 773 
99, 006, 181 
00, 472, 749 
94,904,120 
100, 250, 974 
90, 487, 800 
65,061,09: 
72, 083, 973 



5.36 

4.61 

3.46 

3.04 

3.22 

3.23 

3.01 

3.01 

4.13 

6.45 

4.26 

4.65 

4.38 

3.68 

3.66 

3.6; 

4.68 

4.39 

4.02 

4.09 

4. 

4.74 

4.95 

4.94 

6.3' 

5.35 

4.95 

4.35 

4.04 

4.91 

5.06 

4.10 

4.18 

4.41 

4.41 

4.3' 

3.61 

2.6' 

2.84 

2.50 

2.75 

3.21 

3.28 

3.03 

2.93 

3.09 

2.92 

2.15 

2.29 

2.01 

2.55 

2.39 

2.49 

2.28 

l.Sli 

1.71 



13.51 

13.32 

12.3 

11. 30 

10.50 

10.61 

10. 51 

10.73 

9.0' 

8. SI 

9.80 

9.70 

9.35 

8.65 

6.75 

6.53 

6.23 

6.02 

7.18 

7.89 

6.2 

4.65 

4.35 

4.84 

4.12 

4.12 

4.63 

4.50 

4.9' 

4.92 

5.32 

5.06 

4.40 

4.64 



69, 711 

107, 177 

239,409 

291, 340 

341,377 

389, 513 

393, 40' 

364, 460 

364,574 

357, 925 

403, 540 

440, 052 

428,785 

490, 743 

313, 534 

264, .534 

275, 360 

333, 194 

421, 315 

453,593 

483, 004 

613, 125 

607,834 

603, 174 

708, 717 

748, 558 

783, 557 

791, COO 

775, 505 

745,250 

773, 472 

831, 890 

950, 784 

1, 012, 206 

1,134,994 

1,224,011 

1, 309, 383 

1, 298, 380 

1,459,280 

1,381,714 

1,519,28; 

1,410,474 

1,476,37' 

1,888,851 

1, 853, 370 

1, 900, 768 

2, 012, 714 

1, 949, 744 

1, 960, 086 

2, 070, 978 

2, 002, 902 

2,078,068 

2, 219, 847 

2, 372, 316 

2, 566, 108 

2, 519, 643 



12.1 

14.1 

23.1 

27. 

30.8 

34.1 

33.3 

30. o| 

29.1: 

27.7 

30.4 

32.2 

30.5 

31.3' 

23.5' 

17.8 

18.1 

21.5 

26. e' 

28.1 

29.3 

32.2 

35. 3J 

37.6 

39.1 

40.2, 

41.0' 

40.3^ 

38.6 

46.1 

38.0 

40.7; 

42.9} 

44.2 

48.4 

61.1 

53.4 

51.8 

66.9 

62.7 

66.7; 

51.8' 

52.8! 

60. 3| 

63.8 

64.4 

66.7 

63.4 

62.5 

64.8 

61.5 

62.6 

65.2 

68. V 

72.8 

71.1 



51 
94 
145: 

152: 

193 

199: 
102: 
191: 

235, 
240, 
189, 
264 
202: 
184 
122, 
80, 
131 
100, 
181 
187. 
248: 
254: 
235, 
317: 
298: 
293: 
285, 
317, 
339, 
331, 
309, 
377: 
446, 
465: 
459: 
516: 

534: 

572: 
564: 
526 
423: 
578: 
499: 
519, 
640 
563: 
650: 
652 
580: 
737: 
870: 

831: 

787: 
864: 
,091 
915, 



488, 
996: 
272 
619: 
906 
408, 
255, 
478, 
865, 
676, 
211, 
436, 
144, 
499, 
799, 
401, 
622, 
463, 
413, 
236, 
983, 
160, 
230, 
992, 
805, 
297, 
171, 
970, 
7S9, 
639, 
882, 
848, 
850, 
189, 
922, 
878, 
785, 
699, 
707, 
109, 
045, 
397, 
159, 
5'28, 
210, 
469, 
934, 
208, 
697, 
645, 
514, 
827, 
991, 
871, 
004, 
086, 



227, 021 
•546, 222 
1, 835 
851,070 
474,900 
515, 980 
549, 718 
940, 400 
573, 558 
420, 758 
369, 840 

086. 029 
883, 79: 
568,297 
192, 195 
395, 800 
221,586 
241, 706 
531,704 
090, 259 
288,451 
531,743 
234, 879 
992, 809 
942, 225 
109, 671 
048, 96' 
591,488 
783, 99' 
634,991 
914, 605 
356, 819 
300,709 
784, 391 
041,609 
050, 513 
686, 705 
723, 318 
072,937 
347, 600 

507. 030 
724,882 
207,43; 
123, 77'/ 
041,930 
485, 558 
314,670 
130, 71' 
793, 124 
544, 384 
007, 631 
275, 470 
407, 943 
801,399 
982,155 
200,749 



8.3 
8.8 
7.6 
8.4 
7.4 
7, 

8.9 

8.8 

9.1 

9.1 

9.0 

9.4 

10.8 

11.1 

11.3 

12.6 

12.0 

0.6 

11.2 

10.9 

10.1 

9, 

10, 

9.8 

12, 

15. 

19.3 

15. 8 

10, 

10, 

10.8 

12.5 

13.5 

12.5 

10.0 

8.2 

9.3 

8.2 

7.0 

10. 

14.0 

13.0 

16.0 

6 19.0 

5 20.0 

14.0 

10.4 

14 

14.6 

11.1 

7.5 

0.5 

6.7 

7.4 

6.5 

6.5 



5.00 
5.00 
6.21 
7.29 
7.26 
5.08 
0.43 
7.96 
7.49 
5.80 
8.0' 
5.79 
5.55 
3.40 
2.24 
3.70 
2.43 
4.90 
5.01 
6.62 
6.45 
6.00 
7.91 
7.28 
6.8' 
6.59 
7.08 
7.33 
0.91 
6. '24 
7.42 
8.78 
8.25 
8.30 
8.91 
9.26 
9.60 
9.36 
8.53 
6.81 
9.10 
7.83 
8.00 
9.67 
8.31 
8.30 
9.33 
8.11 
10.12 
11.08 
10.79 
9.81 
10.60 
13.3' 
10.79 



009, 415 
006, .595 
872, 654 
401, 114 
437, 206 
721, 745 
417,712 
333, 09' 
889, 850 
367, 824 
995, 021 
268, 757 
696,6; 
117, 956 
868, 421 
761, 03: 
229, 176 
568, 318 
992, 738 
892, 658 
843,612 
■54,354 
408,481 
364, 919 
811,003 
815, 130 
811,605 
856,899 
887, 153 
347,112 
366,704 
194,0' 
102, 936 
813, 988 
709, 000 
479, 104 
065, 910| 
104,956 
887, 998 
831,221 
0-27,870 
675, 984 
880, 829 
453, 339 
079, 039 
001,287 
618, 71' 
253, 458 
998, 372 
347, 175 
957, 715 
089, 899 
845,107 
800,463 
679, 125 
674, 906 



2,425,018 

5, 427, 010 

4,719,232 

4,798,006 

7, 285, 817 

8, 224, 853 

6,729,44 

6,973,999 

6, 933, 214 

5, 775, 175 

7,261,815 

7,388,741 

8,915,327 

6,977,283 

6, 545, 064 

8, 013, 772 

10,549,880 

4, 956, 730 

11, 123, 231 

12,415,037 

11,111,660 

13, 687, 750 

13,863,273 

17,254,617 

22,943,575 

24, 406, 170 

_?],112.234 

22, 673, 703 

19, 524, 166 

16,181,467 

15, 660, 108 

14,577,018 

19, 782, 631 

21,004,813 

19, 392, 102 

17,302,849 

13,636,053 

14,017,583 

16.020,383 

16,771,802 

13, 360, 085 

12, 0.54, 040 

12, 317, 493 

13,828,993 

14,373,222 

13,857,482 

14,144,243 

13,171,379 

12, 704, 440 

14,835,862 

10,054,28: 

9, 075, 081 

10, 558, 110 

11,017,876 

9,390,128 

15, 659, 229 



22.3 

24.1 

14.1 

25.6 

23.2 

36.4 

25.6 

25.0 

28.9 

26.3 

20.4 

21.3 

26. 

25. 

25.3 

25 

27, 

18, 

2.5.3 

31.0 

29.2 

31 

29.4 

34.1 

36.5 

37 

37.4 

S4. 

30.5 

27.3 

23.6 

24.2 



24.0 
23.5 
20.2 
19.5 
19.6 
18.7 
1.5.8 
16.0 
15.0 
17.0 
16.0 
16.0 
15.1 
13.5 
13.5 
13.1 
14.2 
13.1 
12.4 
12.3 
12.4 
14.5 



0.53 
.99 

1.22 
.56 

1.03 



.65 

.57 

.97 

.76 

.84 

.66 

.71 

.80 

1.04 

.49 

1.17 

1.09 

.96 

1. 

1.10 
1.14 
1.40 
1.53 
1.27 
1.44 
1.35 
1.23 
1.33 
1.21 
1.39 
1.54 
1.47 
1.30 
1.09 
1.18 
1.37 
1.49 
1.40 
1.29 
1 

1.29 

1.38 

1.33 

1.36 

1.40 

1.33 

1.58 

.93 

.98 

1.09 

1.14 

.94 

1. 



1 Consumption per capita based on net imports. 

- Including canal tolls until 1882, but not Buffalo transfer charges. 

3 Andrew's Colonial and Lake Trade. 



* Average based upon officially published tariffs; actual rates lower. 
6 Overvalued by reason of depreciation of Brazilian paper milreis. 



1904] TEREITOKIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. 

ITS Material Industries — Continued. 



4363 



RAILWAYS. 



Miles in 
opera- 
tion. 



30, 
12, 
15, 
16, 
18, 
22, 
24, 
26, 
28, 
30, 
31, 
32, 
33, 
S3, 
35, 
36, 
39, 
42, 
46, 
52, 
60, 
66, 
70, 
72, 
71, 
76, 
79, 
SI, 
85, 
93, 
103, 
111, 
121, 
125, 
128, 
136, 
149, 
156, 
161, 
160, 
170, 
175, 
177, 
179, 
181, 
182, 
184, 
186, 
190, 
191, 
198, 
203, 



Passengers 
carried. 



Number. 



375,391,812 

312,686,611 

334,570,766 

351,427,688 

382,284,9: 

428, 225, 513 

451,353,655 

494, 808, 421 

520,439,08; 

556,015,80: 

575, 769, 671 

597, 056, 539 

569, 660, 210 

529,756,259 

535,120,756 

504,106,62: 

514, 982, 888 

537,977,301 

584,095,935 

600,485,790 

655,130,236 



Freight 
carried 1 mile. 



Frei^rht 

receipts 

per ton 

per 

mile. 



Tons. 



39, 302, 
44, 064, 
44,725, 
49,151, 
52, 802, 
61,561, 
65,123, 
68,677, 
79,192, 
81,210, 
81,413, 
90,652, 
82,219, 
88,567, 
93,885, 
97,842, 
114,566, 
126,991, 
141,162, 
148,959, 
166,624, 



209,249 
923,445 
207, 67' 
894,469 
070, 629 
069, 996 
005, 9SS 
276, 992 
9S5, 125 
154, 523 
197, 130 
087,290 
900,498 
770, 801 
863, 634 
569, 1,50 
173, 191 
703, 110 
109,413 
303,492 
166,024 



Cents. 



1.24 
1.22 
1.12 
1.06 
1.04 
1.03 
.98 
.9' 



.94 
.89 
.86 
.81 
.82 
.80 
.76 
.73 
.75 
.76 
.76 



Pas- 
senger 
cars. 



Nttvibcr 



12,783 
14, 548 
16,187 
17,899 
17, 993 
17, 290 
19,252 
20,5S2 
21,425 
22,885 
21,664 
23,083 
24,604 
27,169 
26, 345 
26,419 
24,940 
25, 654 
25,844 
26,184 
26,786 
27, 144 
27,364 



Freight, 

baggage. 

maii, and 

express 

cars. 



KumJ^er. 



514,185 

653, 271 

706, 202 

754,599 

85-1,216 

812, 063 

852, 239 

963,223 

1,011,013 

1, 048, 22: 

1,069,205 

1,117,054 

1, 125,558 

1,169,087 

1, 199, 803 

1,238,689 

1,253,520 

1,243,152 

1,292,856 

1,336,205 

1,358,467 

1,418,139 

1,513,675 



AMERICAN VESSELS. 



Built. 



Tons. 
106, 261 
127,5' 
51, 394 
58, .560 
121,203 
279,255 
299, 472 
355, 356 
427,49-J 
536,046 
683,4.50 
469, 293 
378,804 
244, 712 
156,602 
214,79' 
233,194 
175,075 
311,045 
415,740 
394, 623 
336, 146 
305, 595 
285,304 
275,230 
276,953 
273, 226 
209,052 
359, 246 
432, 725 
297,638 
203, 585 
176,591 
235,503 
193,030 
157,409 
280, 468 
282, 269 
265, 429 
225,514 
159,066 
96,463 
160,460 
218,086 
231,134 
294, 122 
369, 302 
199,633 
211,639 
131, 195 
111,602 
227,096 
232,232 
180,458 
300,038 
393,790 
483,489 
468, 833 
436, 152 



Engaged 

ill foreign 

trade. 



Tons. 

669, 921 

984,269 

619, 048 

576,475 

899, 765 

1,585,711 

1, 726, 3o: 

1,893,448 

2, 103, 674 

2,333,819 

2,535,206 

2,491,651 

2,464,038 

2,499,742 

2,507,40: 

2,546,237 

2,642,626 

2,291,2.51 

2,026,114 

1,581,894 

1,602,583 

1, 492, 926 

1,568,03: 

1, 565, 732 

1,566,42: 

1, 516, 800 

1,425,142 

1,410,648 

1,423,288 

1,428, 9'23 

1,553,8; 

1, 592, 821 

1, 611, 193 

1,629,048 

1,491,534 

1, 352, 810 

1,335,586 

1,292,294 

1,302,095 

1,304,221 

1,287,998 

1,111,179 

1, 015, 503 

913, 784 

1,021,595 

946, 695 

1,005,950 

994, 676 

899, 803 

916, 180 

838, 186 

844,954 

805,584 

737, 709 

848, 246 

826, 694 

889, 129 

882, 556 

888,776 



Engaged 
in domes- 
tic trade. 



Tons. 
301,919 



440, 
660, 
614 
1,280, 
1,949, 
2, 046 
2, 238, 
2, 303, 
2,469, 
2, 676, 
2,380, 
2,476, 
2,550, 
2,637, 
2, 807, 
2, 897, 
2, 830, 
3, 128, 
3,404 
3, 494, 
2, 817, 
2, 736, 
2,786, 
2, 578, 
2, 729, 
2, 857, 
3,027, 
3, 272, 
3,371 
3, 299, 
2, 686, 
2,631 
2,583, 
2,078, 
2,715, 
2,722, 
2,873, 
2,933, 
2, 967, 
2, 977, 
3, 019, 
3,090, 
3, 248, 
3,285 
3,477, 
3, 678, 
3, 770, 
3, 925, 
3,767 
3, 797, 
3,858, 
3, 963, 
4,01 
4,015, 
4,338, 
4,635, 
4, 915, 
5,198, 



Engaged 
in com- 
merce of 
Great 
Lakes. 



Tons. 



3 3,600 
11,106 
54, 199 
198, 266 
211,145 
235, 2991 
271,129 
300,085 

362. 655 
391,684 
420,360 
418,925 
445, 752 
467, 774 
490,445 
503, 200 
635, 054 
700,672 
673, 697 
573, 912 
617, 686 
693, 604 
661,365 
684, 704 
712, 027 
724, 493 
788, 412 

842. 381 
837,891 
613, 211 
610, 160 

004. 656 
697,376 
605, 102 

663. 382 
711,269 
723, 911 
733,069 
749, 948 
762,660 
783, 721 
874, 102 
972, 271 

1,063,063, 
1,1.54,S70| 
1,183,582J 
1,261,067; 
1,227,400 
1,241,459 
1,321,067| 
1,410,102^ 
1,437,500^ 
1,446,348 
1, 565, 587 
1,706,294, 
l,816,61l! 
1,902,698 



Registered 

tonnage 

of ve-osels 

passing 

through 

Sault Ste. 

Marie 

Canal. 



Ecgistcred 
tons. 



FREIGHT BATES, WHEAT, 
CHICAGO TO NEW YORK. 



Lalcc 

and 

canal .2 



Cts. jicr 
bu. 



106, 296, 

101,458 

180, 82o! 

219,819 

352, 642 

403,067 

276,639 

359, 612 

507, 434 

571,438 

409,062 

458, 530 

556, 899 

432,563 

5'24,8S5 

690, 820 

732, 101 

914,735 

1,204,446 

1,070,857 

1, 259, .534 

1,541,676 

1,439,216 

1,667,136 

1,677,071 

1,734,890 

2,092,757 

2,468,088 

2,042,259 

2,997,837 

3,035,937 

4,219,397 

4,897,598 

5, 130, 659 

7,221,935 

8, 454, 435 

8,400,085 

10,647,203' 

S,919,75!| 

13,110,360, 

16,806,781 

17,249,418' 

17,619,933' 

18, 622, 751 

21,958,347 

22,315,834 

24,626,976 

81,956,582 

27,736,444' 



25.29 
16.28 
17.59 
24.8; 
26.55 
26.33 
22.91 
28.36 
26.62 
29.61 
22.36 
21 
25.12 
17.11 
20. 

24.47 
19.19 
14.1 
11.43 
9.58 
11.24 
9.15 
11.6 
12.2: 
8.19 
7.89 
8.3: 
6.31 
5.8' 
8.71 
8.51 
5.93 
0.89 
5.85 
5.96 
6.61 
6.33 
4.44 
4.11 
5.38 
4.35 
4.42 
5.65 
4.42 
5.14 
5, 
5.44 



Lake 
and 
rail. 



.\11 rail, 



Cts. per 
bti. 



29.0 
25.0 
22.0 
25.0 
28. 
26.9 
16.9 
14.6 
11.8 
15.8 
11.4 
13.3 
15.7 
10.4 
10.9 
11.5 
9.95 
9.02 
12.0 
12.0 
11.0 
* 8.7 
8.B 
8.53 
7.55 
8.44 
7.0 
6.95 
7.32 
7.3' 
4.96 
6.63 
5.05 
5.5: 
5.78 
6.17 



Ct.'i. per 
hu. 



YE.VR. 



46.1 
41.2 
42.6 
35.1 
33.3 
31.0 
33.5 
33.2 
28.7 
24.1 
16.5 
20.3 
17.7 
17.3 
19.9 
14.1 
14.6 
16.5 
13. 12: 
14.0 
16.5 
M5.74 
■•14.5 
15.0 
14.31 
15.0 
14.23 
14.7 
12.88 
12.17 
12.0 
12.32 
11.65 
11.13 
9.98 
» 9.92 
«10.00 
»11.33 



...1,800 
...1810 
...1820 
...1830 
...1840 
...1850 
...1851 
...1852 
...1833 
...18.54 
...18oo 
...1856 
...1857 
...18,58 
...1859 
...1860 
...1861 
...1862 
...1863 
...1864 
...1865 
...1866 
...18G7 
...1808 
...1869 
...1870 
...1,871 
...1872 
...1.873 
...1874 
...1875 
...1S7G 
...1877 
...1S7S 
...1879 
...ISSO 
...1881 
...1882 
...1SS3 
...1884 
...1885 
...1SS6 
...1S.S7 
...1883 
...1889 
...1890 
...1891 
...1892 
...1893 
...1891 
...1895 
...1896 
...1897 
...1898 
...1899 
...1900 
...1901 
...1902 
...1903 



» For domestic consumption; local rate, for exports only, 9.08 cents in 1900, 9.02 cents in 1901, 8.75 cents in 1902, and when consigned or delivered to steamer, 
i.89 cents in 1903. 

' Does not include sugar from Hawaii and Porto Rico, 904,370,406 pounds in 1902, 1,003,968,928 poimds in 1903. 



4364 



TERRITOEIAL AEB COMMERCIAL EXPAINSIOJST OP UNITED STATES. [May, 

Peogress of the United States in 





CONSUMPTION OF WINES AND LIQUORS. 






PRICES 


DF STAPLE COMMODITIES. 






YEARS. 


Wines. 


Malt liquc 


rs. 


Distilled spirits. 


Total con- 
sumption of 
wines and 
liquors. 


Con- 
sump- 
tion 
per 
capita 
of all 
wines 
and 
liquors. 


Per ton.i 


Mid- 
dling 

cotton, 
per 

pound. 


Stand- 
ard 
sheet- 
ings, 
per 
yard. 


Stand- 
ard 
prints, 
per 
yard. 


Washed Ohio fleece 
wool, July 1. 




Consump- 
tion. 


Con- 
sump- 
tion 
per 
capita. 


Consumption. 


Con- 
sump- 
tion 
per 
capita. 


Consump- 
tion. 


Con- 
sump- 
tion 
per 
capita. 


Pig iron 
No. 1 
foun- 
dry. 


Steel 
rails, 
stand- 
ard sec- 
tions. 


Fine. 


Me- 
dium. 


Coarse. 


1800 


Gallons. 


Galls. 


Gallons. 


Gall.^. 


ly.galU. 


iy.ffoBs. 


Gallons. 


Galls. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


Cents. 


Cents. 


Cents. 


Cents. 


Cents. 


Cents. 


1S20 

1830 




























60 
46 


50 
89 


40 
33 


1840 . 


4, 873 096 


0.29 


23, 310, 843 


1.36 


43, 060, 884 


2.52 


71,244,823 


4.17 


27.88 










1860 


6,315,871 


.27 


36, 563, 009 


1.58 


51,833,473 


2.23 


94,712,363 


4.08 


20.88 




12.34 


7.87 


10.62 


45 


37 


SO 


1851 


















21.38 
22.63 
36.13 
36.88 
27.76 
27.12 
26.38 
22.25 
23.38 
22.76 




12.14 
9.50 
11.02 
10.97 
10.39 
10.30 
13.51 
12.23 
12.08 
11.00 


7.08 
6.96 
7.92 
7.96 
7.64 
7.50 
8.90 
8.25 
8.50 
8.73 


10.50 

10.60 

10.60 

10.60 

9.80 

9.50 

10.10 

9.50 

9.60 

9.60 


47 
45 
60 
45 
60 
65 
66 
43 
56 
6.5 


42 

38 
53 
37 
40 
42 
60 
37 
40 
50 


37 
33 
48 
30 
33 
36 
40 
30 
36 
40 


1852 


















1853 . 


















185-1 


















1855 ... 


















1856 


















1857 


















1858 . 


















1859 


















1860 


11,059,141 


.35 


101,346,669 


3.22 


89,968,651 


2.86 


202,374,461 


6.44 


1861 


















20.25 
23.88 
35.25 
59.25 
46.12 
46.88 
44.12 
39.25 
40.63 
33.25 


166.00 
158.50 
132.25 
106.75 


13.01 
31.29 
67.21 
101.50 
83.38 
43.20 
31.59 
24.85 
29.01 
23.98 


10.00 
18.55 
36.04 
52. 07 
38.04 
24.31 
18.28 
16.79 
16.19 
14.58 


9.71 
14.40 
21.24 
33.25 
29.00 
21.15 
16.58 
13.83- 
14.00 
12.41 


38 
48 
75 
100 
75 
70 
55 
46 
48 
46 


30 

47 

70 

100 

73 

67 
49 
45 
48 
45 


22 

45 
66 
90 
65 
00 
45 
' 43 
47 
43 


1862 .. . 


















1863 






62,372,465 
97,770,584 
113, 623, 255 
159, 153, 746 
193,060,149 
191,289,305 
197,4S3,238 
204,756,156 


1.87 
2.87 
3.27 
4.49 
6.33 
5.17 
5.23 
5.31 


17,409,690 
87,002,067 
17,484,302 
15,677,386 
15,885,460 
8, 453, 485 
63,413,682 
79, 895, 70S 


.52 

2. .55 

.50 

.44 

.44 

.23 

1.68 

2.07 






1864 










1865 










1866 










1867 










1868 










1869 










1870 


12,235,067 


.32 


296,876,931 


7.70 


1871 


15,834,003 


.40 


241, 13^,127 


6.10 


64,059,061 


1.62 


321,031,851 


8.12 


36.12 


102. .50 


16.95 


13.00 


11.62 


62 


60 


56 


1872 


16,682,037 


.41 


270, 298, 916 


6.66 


68,422,280 


1.68 


365,403,233 


8.75 


48.88 


112.00 


22.19 


14.27 


12.00 


72 


70 


65 


1873 


18,847,031 


.45 


300,697,262 


7.21 


68,037,139 


1.63 


387,581,432 


9.30 


42.75 


120.50 


20.14 


13.31 


11.37 


50 


48 


44 


1874 


20,408,714 


.48 


299,521,065 


7.00 


64, 640, 090 


1.51 


381, 529, 869 


8.99 


30.26 


94.25 


17.95 


11.42 


9.75 


53 


53 


46 


1875 


19,991,330 


.45 


294, 963, 157 


6.71 


66, 120, 558 


1.60 


381,066,046 


8.67 


25.50 


68.76 


15.46 


10.41 


8.71 


62 


49 


46 


1876 


20,161,808 


.45 


308, 336, 387 


6.83 


69,983,890 


1.28 


388,982,085 


8.61 


22.25 


59.25 


12.98 


8.85 


7.06 


38 


36 


31 


1877 


21, 876, 330 


.47 


304,927,667 


6.68 


59,420,118 


1.22 


386,223,115 


8.33 


18.88 


45.50 


11.82 


8.46 


6.77 


50 


44 


37 


1878 


22,263,919 


.47 


317,969,352 


6.68 


61,931,941 


1.09 


392,165,242 


8.24 


17.63 


42.25 


11.22 


7.80 


6.09 


36 


36 


32 


1879 


24,377,130 


.50 


344,605,485 


7.06 


61,278,475 


1.11 


423,261,090 


8.66 


21.50 


48.26 


10.84 


7.97 


0.25 


37 


38 


34 


1880 


28,329,541 


.56 


414,220,165 


8.26 


65,626,694 


1.27 


506,076,400 


10.09 


28.50 


67.50 


11.51 


8.51 


7.41 


46 


48 


42 


1881 


24,162,925 


.47 


444,112,109 


8.66 


70,607,081 


1.38 


538,882,175 


10.50 


25.12 


61.13 


12.03 


8.51 


7.00 


42 


44 


30 


1882 


25,502,927 


.49 


626,379,980 


10.08 


73,550,976 


1.40 


626,499,883 


11.92 


25.75 


48.60 


11.56 


8.45 


6.60 


42 


45 


34 


1883 


25,778,180 


.48 


561,497,340 


10.27 


78,452,687 


1.46 


665,728,207 


12.21 


22.38 


37.75 


11.88 


8.32 


6.00 


39 


41 


33 


1884 


20,508,345 


.37 


590,016,517 


10.74 


81,128,581 


1.48 


691, 653, 443 


12.60 


19.88 


30.76 


10.88 


7.28 


6.00 


36 


34 


80 


1885 


21,900,457 


.39 


596,131,866 


10.62 


70, 600, 092 


1.26 


68S, 632, 415 


12.26 


18.00 


28.50 


10.45 


6.75 


6.00 


32 


31 


28 


1886 


26,567,220 


.45 


642, 967, 720 


11.20 


72,261,614 


1.26 


740,796,554 


12.90 


18.71 


34.50 


9.28 


6.75 


6.00 


33 


33 


29 


1887...... 


32,325,061 


.55 


717,748,854 


12.23 


71,064,733 


1.21 


821,138,648 


13.99 


20.92 


37.08 


10.21 


7.15 


6.00 


34 


87 


34 


1888 


36,335,068 


.61 


767,687,056 


12.80 


75,845,3.12 


1.26 


879,767,476 


14.67 


18.88 


29.83 


10.03 


7.25 


6.50 


29 


33 


31 


1889 


34,144,477 


.56 


779, 897, 426 


12.72 


80,613,158 


1.32 


894,655,061 


14.60 


17.75 


29.25 


10.65 


7.00 


6.60 


35 


39 


32 


1890 


28, 956, 981 


.46 


865,792,335 


13.67 


87,829,562 


1.40 


972,578,878 


15.53 


18.40 


31.75 


11.07 


7.00 


6.00 


33 


37 


29 


1891 


29,033,792 


.46 


977,479,761 


15.31 


91,157,665 


1.43 


1,097,671,118 


17.19 


17.52 


29.92 


8.60 


6.83 


0.00 


31 


36 


29 


1892 


28,467,860 


.44 


987,490,223 


16.17 


98,328,118 


1.51 


1,114,292,201 


17.12 


15.75 


30.00 


7.71 


6.50 


6.25 


28 


34 


30 


1893 


31,987,819 


.48 


1,074,516,336 


16.20 


101,197,763 


1.52 


1,207,731,908 


18.20 


14.52 


28.12 


8.56 


5.90 


5.25 


24 


26 


25 


1894 


21,293,124 


.31 


1,036,319,222 


15.32 


90,511,209 


1.34 


1, 148, 153, 655 


16.97 


12.66 


24.00 


6.94 


5.11 


4.90 


20 


21 


18 


1895 


19,644,049 


.28 


1,043,292,106 


15.13 


77,828,661 


1.13 


1,140,764,716 


16.64 


13.10 


24.33 


7.44 


5.74 


5.25 


18 


21 


19 


1S96 


18,701,406 


.26 


1,080,626,165 


15.38 


71,051,877 


1.01 


1,170,379,448 


16.66 


12.95 


28.00 


7.93 


5.45 


4.66 


17 


18 


17 


1897 


38,588,307 


.53 


1,069,310,262 


14.94 


73,166,833 


1.02 


1, 181, 065, 402 


16.50 


12.10 


18.75 


7.00 


4.73 


4.70 


2U 


231 


21 


1898 


20,667,317 


.28 


1,161,226,462 


16.96 


81,487,587 


1.12 


1,266,281,366 


17.36 


11.66 


17.62 


6.94 


4.20 


3.96 


28 


29 


24J 


1899 


26,360,696 


.36 


1,135, .520, 629 


15.28 


87,310,228 


1.17 


1,249,191,653 


16.80 


19.36 


28.12 


6.88 


5.28 


4.25 


29 


3U 


27 


1900 


30,427,491 


.40 


1,221,600,160 


16.01 


97,248,382 


1.27 


1,349,176,033 


17.68 


19.98 


82.29 


9.25 


6.05 


5.00 


28J 


3U 


271 


1901 


28,791,149 


.37 


1,258,249,391 


10. 20 


103,086,839 


1.33 


1,390,127,379 


17.90 


15.87 


27.33 


8.75 


5.64 


4.62 


25 


26 


22 


1902 


49,754,403 


.63 


1,381,876,437 


17.49 


107,4.52,161 


1.36 


1, 539, 081. 991 


19.48 


22.19 


28.00 


9.00 


5.48 


5.00 


26 


26J 


26 


1903 


39,413,201 


.49 


1,449,879,952 


18.04 


117,252,148 


1.40 


1,606,645,301 


19.99 


19.92 


28.00 


11.18 


6.25 


5.00 


3U 


311 


27 



1 At Philadelphia. = Net prices. 

8 Western Union to 1885; includes Postal Telegraph, 1885 to date. 
* Figures for the years 1873-1882, inclusive, relate to the calendar years pre- 
ceding fiscal year. 



' Figures until 1S.S9 include nonresident graduate students; figures for 1889 
and later year.^ are exclusive of nonresident graduate students. 

« Yean, is20, 1.S30. and I8.1O. ending September 30, 1840, and 1851 to 1867, calen- 
dar years; 1869 to date, years ending June 30. 



1904.] TEREITOEIAL AND COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. 

ITS Material Industries — Continued. 



4365 



COMMERCIAL 
FAILURES. 


POST-OFFICE 
STATISTICS. 






PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 


STUDENTS IN COLLEGES, 
UNIVERSITIES, AND 








Num- 
ber. 


Amount of 
liabilities. 


rost- 

officea. 


Receipts of 
Post-Offlce 
Depart- 
ment. 


Telegraph 

messages 

sent, a 


News- 
papers 

and 
period- 
icals 
pub- 
lished. 


Pupils 
enrolled. 


Average 
daily at- 
tendance. 


Salaries 
paid .super- 
intendents 

and 
teachers. 


Total ex- 
penditure. 


NOLOGY. < 




Patents 
issued. 


Immi- 
grants 
arrived.^ 




Men. 


Wo- 
men. 


Total.5 


YEARS. 




Dollars. 


No. 

903 
2,300 
4,600 


Dollars. 
280, 804 
651,684 

1,111,927 


Number. 


No. 


Nmnher. 


Number. 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 


No. 


No. 


No. 


No. 


Number. 










'359 
8 861 




















IRlft 
























8,385 
23,3-22 
81 066 


1820 

1830 

1810 

1850 

1851 

1852 

1853 

1854 

1855 

1856 

1857 






8,450 


1,850,583 




1,403 






















13, 468 


4, 513, 622 




















473 






18, 417 


5, 499, 985 




2,626 


















310,004 
379,466 
371 603 






19, 796 


6, 410, 604 


























20,901 


5, 184, 527 




















1,019 
961 






22, 320 


5, 240, 725 




















368, 645 
427,833 






23, 548 


0, 255, 586 




















1,844 
2,013 
2,505 
2,896 






24,410 


6, 642, 130 
























25,665 


6, 920, 822 




















195,857 
246, 915 


4,932 


291,750,000 


26,586 


7,353,952 




















4,225 


95,749,000 


27, 977 


7,486,793 




















3,695 
4,604 
4,778 
3,329 


119, -501 
118,616 


1853 

1859 

1860 

1S61 


3,913 


64, 394, 000 


28,539 


7, 968, 481 




















3,676 


79. 807. 000 


28, 498 


8, 518, 067 




4,051 
















6,993 207,210,000 


28, 586 


8,349,296 


















89, 724 


1,652 


23,049,000 


28, 875 


8, 299, 821 




















3,532 


89,007 
174,524 
193, 195 


1862 

1863 

1864 


495 


7,899,900 


29, 047 


11,163,790 




















520 


8,579,000 


28, 878 


12, 438, 254 




















5,0-25 


630 


17,625,000 


20, 550 


14, 566, 169 




















6,616 
9,458 
13,026 


247, 453 

» 163,594 

298, 9' 7 


1865 


1,505 


53, 783, 000 


23, 828 


14, 386, 986 






















2,780 


96,666,000 


25,163 


15,297,027 


6,879,282 


















1867 


2,608 


63, 694, 000 


26, 481 


16,292,601 


6,404,595 


















13,410 
13,997 


282, 189 
352, 768 


1868 

1869 


2,799 


75,054,0.54 


27, 106 


18,344,611 


7,934,933 


'» 5, 219 
















3,546 


88,242,000 


28,492 


19,772,221 


9,157,646 


5,871 


6,871,522 


4,077, U7 


37,832,666 


63,396,666 








13,333 


387, 203 


1870 


2,915 


85, 2.52, 000 


30, 045 


20,037,016 


10, 646, 077 


6,056 


7, 561,. 582 


4, 545, 317 


42, 580, 853 


69, 107, 612 








13,056 
13,613 


3-21,350 
404,806 


1871 


4,069 


121,056,000 


31,863 


21,915,426 


12, 444, 499 


6,519 


7, 815, 306 


4, 6,58, 844 


45,936,681 


74, 234, 476 








1872 


5,183 


228,499,900 


33,244 


22, 996, 742 


14,456,832 


6,875 


8,003,614 


4,745,4.59 


47,932,050 


76,238,404 






23,392 


12,864 


459,803 


1873 


5, 830 


155,2.39,000 


34,294 


20,471,072 


16, 329, 256 


7,339 


8, 444, 261 


5, 060, 840 


50, 785, 656 


80,051,286 






30,900 
32, 175 
32,540 
32 107 


13,599 
14 837 


313,339 
227 498 




7,740 


201,000,000 


35,547 


26,791,361 


17,153,710 


7,870 


8, 785, 678 


5,248,114 


64, 722, 250 


83,601,007 






1875 


9,092 


191,117,000 


36, 383 


28, 644, 198 


18, 729, 667 


8,129 


8,869,115 


5,291,376 


65, 3.58, 166 


83, 082, 678 






15,595 
14 187 


169,986 
141,857 
133,469 


1876 


8,872 


190,669,926 


37, 345 


27,531,585 


21, 158, 941 


7,958 


8,965,006 


5, 426, 695 


.54,973,776 


79, 439, 826 






1877 


10,478 


234,383,132 


39,258 


29,277,517 


23,918,894 


8,340 


9,438,883 


6,783,065 


56,1.55,133 


79,083,260 






32,728 


13,444 


1878 


6, 6.i8 


98, 149, 053 


40,855 


30,041,983 


25, 070, 106 


8,703 


9, 504, 4,68 


5, 876, 077 


51,639,731 


76, 192, 375 






37 442 


13,213 
13,947 


177,8-26 
467,257 


1879 


4,735 


65,752,000 


42,989 


33,315,479 


29,215,509 


9,723 


9,867,505 


6, 144, 143 


65,942,972 


78,094,687 






38,227 


1880 


5, 582 


81,155,932 


44, .512 


30, 785, 398 


32, 600, 000 


10, 267 


10, 000, 896 


6, 145, 932 


58,012,463 


83, 642, 964 






39,048 
39,155 
39,769 


16,584 
19,267 
22,383 


669,431 
788 992 


.. .1881 


6,738 


101, 547, 564 


46, 231 


41,876,410 


38, 842, 247 


10, 611 


10,211,578 


6,331,242 


60,594,933 


88, 990, 466 






188'' 


9,184 


172, 874, 172 


47,858 


46,508,693 


41,181,177 


11,196 


10,651,828 


6, 652, 392 


64,798,859 


96, 750, 003 






603, .3-22 


18S3 


10, 968 


226, 343, 427 


50, 017 


43, 335, 958 


42, 076, 226 


12, 671 


10, 982, 304 


7, 0.56, 696 


68, 384, 275 


103, 212, 837 






41 464 


20, 413 
24,233 

22, .608 


518 592 


1884 


10, 637 


124,220,321 


51,252 


42, 560, 843 


43,625,273 


13, 494 


11,398,024 


7,297,629 


72, 878, 993 


110,328,375 




... . 


42, .573 


395, 346 


1885 


9,834 


114,614,119 


53, 614 


43,948,423 


46, 345, 729 


14, 160 


11,664,460 


7,526,351 


76,270,434 


113,322,545 






40,421 
41,737 


331,203 


.. ..1886 


9,634 


167, 560, 944 


55, 157 


4.8,837,610 


51,594,115 


14, 706 


11,884,914 


7,681,806 


78, 639, 964 


115, 783, 890 






21,477 
20,506 
24 158 


490,109 
546,889 
444,427 
455,302 


1887 


10, 679 


123, .S29, 973 


57, 376 
88 999 


52, 695, 177 


56, 447, 407 


15,556 


12, 182, 600 


7,906,986 


83, 022, 562 


124,244,911 






42, 535 


ISSS 


10, S82 


118,784,337 


66,17.5,611 


00, 1.86, 687 


16,319 


12,392,260 


8, 005, 969 


87,568,306 
91,836,484 


132, 639, 783 






45,949 


1889 


10,907 


1S9, 856, 964 


62, 401 


60, 882, 097 


63,258,762 


16,948 


12,722,581 


8,153,635 


140, 606, 715 


44,926 


10, 761 


55,687 


26,292 


1890 


12, 273 


189,868,638 


04,329 


65,931,786 


67,420,111 


18,536 


13,050,132 


8,408,323 


96,303,069 


147,491,809 


46,220 


12, 185 


58,405 


23,244 


560,319 


1891 


10, 344 


114,044,167 


67.119 


70, 930, 476 


71, 722, 589 


18, 714 


13,255,921 


8,560,603 


100, 298, 256 


155,817,012 


51, 163 


13, .607 


64, 670 


23, .569 


623,0.84 


1892 


15,242 


346, 779, 889 


08,403 


75,896,933 


76,843,052 


20,006 


13,483,310 


8,837,199 


104,660,339 


164,171,057 


65,305 


15, .530 


70,835 


23, 769 


602,917 


1893 


13,885 


172, 992, 8.56 


69,805 


75, 080, 479 


69, 597, 746 


20, 169 


13, 995, 357 


9, 263, 350 


109,202,406 


172,502,843 


59, 814 


18,098 


77,912 


20,8.67 


314,467 


1894 


13,197 


173.196,060 


70,061 


76,983,128 


70,801,207 


20,395 


11,213,765 


9,548,722 


113,872,388 


176,809,279 


62,053 


19,071 


81,124 


22,057 


279, 948 


l.'!95 


1.5,088 


226,0%, 834 


70,360 


82, 499, 208 


72,221,896 


20,630 


14,49S,9,'i6 


9,781,475 


117,139,841 


183,498,965 


65,143 


21,721 


86,864 


23,273 


343,267 


181-6 


13,351 


154,332,071 


71,022 


82,66,5,463 


71,779,748 


19,861 


14,823,0.59 


10,062,554 


119, 310, 603 


187,682,269 


64,662 


21,543 


86,205 


23,794 


230,832 


1897 


12,1.86 


130,662,899 


73,570 


89,012,619 


77,680,767 


20,463 


15,103,874 


10,356,468 


124, 192, 270 


194,292,911 


67,018 


23,470 


90,488 


22,267 


229, 299 


1898 


9,337 


90,879,889 


75,000 


95,021,384 


77,356,508 


21,178 


15,176,219 


10, 328, 396 


129,345,873 


200,ir>4,697 


67,505 


24,880 


92,385 


25,527 


311,716 


1899 


10,774 


138,495,673 


76,688 


102,354,579 


79,096,227 


20,806 


15,503,110 


10,632,772 


137,687,746 


214, 964, 618 


72, 159 


26,764 


98,923 


26,499 


418,572 


1900 


11,002 


113,092,376 


76.915 


111,631,193 


83,556,122 


20,879 


15,688,602 


10,714,613 


143,286,204 


227,465,664 


75,472 


27, 879 


103,351 


27,373 


487,918 


1901 


11,615 


117,476,769 


75,924 


121,848,047 


89,461,813 


20,156 


15,925,887 


10,999,273 


150,013,734 


235,208,465 


78,133 


29,258 


107,391 


27,886 


648,743 


1902 


12,069 


155,444,185 


74, 169 


134,224,443 


91,391,443 


20,485 


















857,016 


1903 





















' Figures from 1810 to 1800, inclusive, from census of 1880. 
8 Returns for 1828. 



Six months ending June 30. 
'" Figures from 1869 to date from Rowell's Newspaper Directory. 



4366 



TEERITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



[]\rA7, 



CO 




o 




05 




1-1 




o 




H 




o 




CT> 




»^ 




.-1 




m 




H 




H 




O 




H 




."^ 




P 




M 




H 




l-H 








P4 




w 




H 




^ 




O 




Pi 


o 


t^ 


d 


fl 


'O 


IZi 


J^ 


< 












o 




H 


Cl. 


1^ 






<u 


l-H 


«*-( 




o 


ta 


Pi 


H 


0) 


P< 


M 


O 




A4 


w 


X 




M 


^ 







1=1 




^ 


t; 


<3 


c 




H 


to 




H 




Pi 


S? 


O 


o 


Ph 


M 


^ 


1 


»-i 








Ph 


s 


O 


5, 


H 




P 




f^ 




<3 




{> 




M 




<J 




H 




O 




H 

1 




1 




i-l 




n 




< 




H 




»^ 




< 




O 




l-H 




Pi 




o 




H 




m 











W" 



■^ o 



I CI CO ■^ ic -^ t^ cc o^ o 



I in (O l^ 03 o o I 



'-Ississ'Sssll^lsSssssSSsSSSSssSSsSSSssSslsssssssssssSs 



CO Oi 



e^ CO 
O SI 



ITS to 

et so 






e* S S S "^ <5 c^ oi o to o t- o =g t- 2 "^^ '^_ '^^ "t '^^ "i. ^- » ^1 '^l "1 W '"1 tS 



O 6* O • 









O CO L-i (^ eri -♦« 

tT CO ^ Co ^ to o' 115 --i oo «r '^■"^ "-T cr <t "^ iC ^ 



a 






-5- 
115 




i 


i 


8 


>0 


i 


CO 


to 


4^ 




I* 




?5 


ei 


1 


'it 






I 


to 

CO 


Ci 




on 
§ 


-*> 


i 


CI 


tT 


Bj" 


sf 


•31 




t^ 


?>' 


If 


to 


Vi 


Ui 


:5 


-f 


« 


^ 



I CC C-l »C f 
• O I^ C^l 1 

1 o ira i-^ < 






I T}< liD la CO 1 



, CO t^ 
1 r-t ■n' 



■ O 1> 



CO f l-H ( 
CO 1^ CI ' 
O O O ( 

cT oi" co" < 

C> CJ5 to { 
00 CD O » 



> O CO 
) to CO 
I Ol CI 

r o CO 

I CO o 



O (M to 
t-, CO CO 
CI QO 04 

r-T to" t-^ 

lO r-t CI 

l^ CO lO 



r- i-H CO CI 1 



00 CD 

r-" to 



I- o . 

lO Cl I 



. ..-. ,_ «^ ,^ w- ^.z «_■ >.. ^. -J [- O CO ^ CO I 
(lOtOCOC)OtOCOCOCOtOtOlClOOVO^ 

Pi-T-irooitDic'vo-i^'^aoci'crtooco 
icni^codcceocsocoit^'^'— <i~'^co 
itoOiHcoouoioeocjcococo'-Hi— ICO 

ic cT t-^ of cf cf co" r-T I^ o -^ 



CI ■— < 1-- CO O CV lO CI -■ -.-■ — » -..■.-■..-.--.. - — _; 
iccococii-"'£icot— t-t-- cir^cot-t^i— oococ;>o 



R 


o 

o 


--0 
CO 


CO 
CO 


to 


CO 


i 


S 


CO 

s 


CO 

o 




s 

"* 


1 


i 


i 


1 


CI 


CO 
CJ 


h- 


s 


CI 


M 


CI 


s 





s 




o 


CO 


3 


s 


s 




CO 


uO 


CO 


CO 

s 


o 

o 


§ 


8 

o 


8 

o 


1 


1 


§ 






s 


o 

8 


CO 


to 


s 


s 


Cl 

g 


s 


i 


i 


to 


g 


s 


o 


8 


a 


o 


8 


Cl 


»-4 
CO 


CO 


•3" 
CO 


CO 


00 




g 


e 


Ol 


s 


g 


s 


00 


gf 


OS 
Cl 


CO 
CO 


s 


s 


g 



o o o o <: 

ooirrinrHco"o"oin-i^"irai-^t3rcrro"-r« -^ ^ ci co ^ o co 

o CO o -o -f o iC lO CI lO CO -^ 1— ■T' ■* t ^ S 2 fc; ^* S^ !:!l 

coI^^o^cico^^o^r^I^^c^co"r^c^co'■rl^o^cf^^oeo'^:2 2S 

iOt>dTH'-*"^'0»C100l-^t000 1.-'COCSCOt*COt*t-000 



CI 
CO 


u 


If; 

o 


Cl 


3 


s 




r^ 


g 




§ 


o 


crs 


1- 




Tf 


s 


3 


s 


§ 


CO 


§ 


CO 


CI 

to 


s 


s 


g 



O en .■- ^ 



Ci ■* »-i 2 O ' 







»-1 


m 


w 


o 




fiM 


© 


»o 




CS 










-* 


SI 




w 



> 13 e-t *-! ea -^ t- -^ e* *0 i-i trs c» ^ O OS 

i " ^ --^ o '-H ^ °= '^^ ^. *"! ^_ S *^« M» 
i".^o^^^,^>-^"QO~^G^^cooo^_^^f5".J".^ 
aeOt-,t^«)voiri«^ir5t^-^eo!T;to'2S? 

^lO-^Cl0^lv^cotooloc!CO^■^C1 

'' er v«" ^ ^ "^^ «' cT ^" -f n. *c '' 



CT> O I^ Ol »0 CO O to O CO -H !_' ^ jj "J — -. -■ -- i. . 

lO CO CO If^ lO CO CO l" CI 1^ M -^ O lO I- CO "T; -J -T ^ CO CO 
Oi-IOLOOir3X)'^Ot.-^C3COi.-t^l*COCIOl--OCOi» 

co' o cf "T^ i>~ rf" ■^" CO Tt 00 -1^'" to" th" ro t~-~ r"!" j^ 55 p L:: ;S ^ 

I-- I— I I-- ^^ Cl O >— ' '^ CI I- >— ' lO ^H 1-- I— Cl 1^ O W i~< CO iH 

'**ajcooi-^i--odCTirHOtooo-^C'3aiirai--M<oco 
ocTco't^oo'-^odcO'^cTcriOcrcTcoT^iOcooocoo ■* 



1 


i 


o 

CO 


C4 


o 


CO 



CO 






■^1 








-M 








,_, 


^ 






,_( 


ro 






















































Cl 






















^ 


















"-1 








-^ 


CO 


CO 


-f 






















































to 


l> 




















S" 


CO 


CO 


CO 


CO 




CO 


CO 


"-^ 


•-^ 


o 


CO 


Cl 


Ol 


CO 


■^ 


to 


CI 




m 












'C 






^ 






^ 


on 




o 


r-i 






















^_ 


















'-I 








CO 




'^l 


lO 










"-1 









lO to Cl lO CO CI O O O O lO t- 

T-i>-or^coi--cit^-i'oocni.o-)' 

CO O OO to lO 'C O O CO to CO CO 

i-T r^ i-T i-T »-r cT cf t-T 



CO CO 

CI c: 



O CO ( 
O O C 
CO t- I 



otocooiotoorHci't'iraTfcocji— 

01-T<01t--C0C0C3"rT'l— CCO-fOCOCO-Tl' 
OOCCCOCJli^O'— ll^COC^C7>lOCOCO-4< 



fM "t?< CO CO CO CO to 
CO .H ■-< I- tH CO i-( 

00 -^ i-l i-I CO CO O 



-#Cit-COOOr-<O^CO"OiOr-OT-*'— lOtOP-iOdKJf- 
tOtDOt'^iOCOi.'OOCO'COOl"-"-^COO— ^'^OICOCOOO 
OCOOCOr-ICOr-f'^^i-<COOlOO>-1'T'inr-»CCOOO 

cocoic'cio"coco"cor^t^oot^iQ"i>i'^cocoot--^irrco^^ 



QOtOCli-ICOCOCOOOtOOrHClOCOCOCO-*<CI 
COCICOCl-^i-trH'-Hi-ltOlOr-lOCOOimcOCl 

ClOrr'COOOCOl-OilO'^OOCOl-COCni-HCl 
S S ^ Ol 'l^to'l^^cd'cDt-^tOid'cO'Tjrc^'o'cOCO'd^'iC'cOCQ' 

-" cT r-T CO ■ 

to to O I-* 

ocoocor— ocoococootocicicoci'^'coot— cn-t" 

. . ^ »[— -T'-^OJeOTClOOuOl— OSOi-IOOCOiOtO 

t»C0l£500Clr-TitClCOr^OCOC0THrHC0C0C0iC'— (rj"CJ 

Cl" CO O CO CO >-i" Cl" to" rH CO liO "-T i-T -*" -? O C3V 1— 

CMr-r-lO'-HdCO'-*'— icocicocot^tocotoira 
lOCOr-IQOCOOOOlt^OP-COCI'^COi-'OCI 1-- 

th" CO cT I> cf r-T cH CO ih" 



H 





«- 




ocS 






^ 


.-r- .^ 




SJ^ 


n 


•sSg 






1 


•3 c « 

J2 


M 
























Q 






m 


^ 








■< 








K 








tf 






[^ 


w 


















fM 








f^ 




















,^ 
















































Ol 










to 


c-^ 
























































to 


c-v 




to 








lA 


o 


et> 


(r> 


CO 


c^ 


«0 


«fs 
























































0* 


^t 




lao 


«o 


















































































Cl 












ej 




■St 





















CO o i^ Ci S »^ ^ 



-" CJ vT CO *^ 
W3 Oi <t «0 to *^ f-O or Cl "' '- 
^o "-"i Ci ■<! CO -<r c^ ''^ 



to oT to &f -i" ef _r jC «■! Cff cp ciT ef co . "■ »^ 

»«itlCi*^WO^^^</3CO*^toOO 'Tj'w©* 

'-,irs»-iCo^HUiif5o-»5*-'«ij-^Cit~C"«l 






'ot^'Gj.'Co '•-d'-~icriC?>cioo<3i-:"--3»' 
^j ^j — w »t5 Cl Cl O »■- Cr^ '5 wS CO O "H '-T -^ -^ (^l 9E ~^ ? ■ 
Cl t~ C" «i '— »-t ^ 61 r^ oj "f •* '--i CO i-"; *i wj CJ o O ei »^ 

coco** co-^«o ui ^co ,^«ocoto»-'RiO> ,.<? r' 

Cj »-i »^ C< '^ ao Ci i-H r-( ^i ..^ ——-■-— . 



ei 





S 


l-H 

o 


i 


Cl 


s 


s 


§ 


o 




ifS 


Cl 

o 


s 


Cl 

o 


CO 

3 


Cl 




Cl 
CI 


,§ 


o 

Cl 


cr. 


?, 


CO 
Cl 


CO 

CO 




CO 


s 



1-1 Cl CO •— I Tf 

■<r lo I- ■" 






CO 

in 


-rj' 


i 


o 


g 


i 


g 


1 


Cl 


o 


CO 


CJ 


35 






s 


1 


S 


§ 




g 


i 


CO 


i 


i 


CO 


8 


s 

Cl 




to 

CO 


§ 


CO t^ 


g 


o 


co 


00 
Cl 


£J 


§ 


s? 


L-- 


s 


r- 


g 


o 


£ 


Si 


s 


§ 


s 


00 

CO 


«'= 


a 


So 


£ 


S3 


e 


g 



CO 1— I CO llO CO Cl t— O I— I lO CI CO Cl o 
ClO'^OCOCO-^f-'iOCOiOOCO'-i 
CO .-1 O 1-1 CO I— Cl Cl CO l~ to CO l^ Cl 



tOOtOClOOOCi-— l-9<Ol^O00O 
o lO Cl r- CO c» o Cl CO I— 0-' Cl Cl CO 

lOCOCOdt-COCOO-^tOCtiOOCl 



CI 

8 


-1* 




o 


CO 

to 


i 


Cl 


CO 


CO 


Cl 


J? 


s 


iC 


Cl 


a 


o 


Cl 


3 



> O O O O ( 

> <=> O O O ! 
1 O O O O ( 



' o o o o o < 

: o o o o o 1 

; O Cl iC r-l to I 

1 CO Cl I— I »— « "^ < 

, Cl CJ CO eo eo « 



' CO lO O Cl 



U^' 


i 


i 


§ 


1 


1 


3 


8 


i 


§ 


8 

to 


o 


a" 


s 


s 


s 


s 


s 



OOOOOOOO-rOOOOO-t^iO rHC10>— ^ 

oooctocDOoi— ooooococni'-i'-i— i-— i 

OOCDOCSOOOCIOOOOOCOOCO-— (COuO 



ooooooioio-— (coooinoco>->THC7icico 
ocjjooocooto-roiioiociu^cii^cototocn 
uociT}iTjH-voc>cno>-(CJt-i-iTrmco-^?-irHO 

ootocTin'coi^cfcfcot^oi".'" 



i 


i 




i 


o 


Cl 

CO 


CO 

s 


s 


'i 


I.O 


i 


i 


i 


to 


3 


s 


i 


1 


i 


° 


i 


Cl 


o 


1 


•I' 


UO 


Cl 


O 


■^ 


Cl 


g 


ii 


t> 


CO 


B 


s 


g 


g 


o 


00" 

o 


to 


IS 


8 


s 


s 


g 


?i 


to 



OtHCICO-VlOCDI^OOOlOWClCO'^ll^COr-OOClOrHCJCO-^iOCOt^COOlOi 
C10VCV0^01C101ClClC10^00000000rHi-^^-*^H^HrH^-H^HTHWC^C-*^^^i^^J^^^^;;l^i-?"?i?SXX^7^ 

I~l^l•-r~l->.^-l>.^>.r*^>cocot»oococooooooocooo<»ooeococooocococccocooocooocoooooooco«Qoaoco222^222222S 



1904.] 



TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



4367 



c3"*iratoi:~ooa)Or-(C4co"^m(or-cocJO'-icico'»fioot^oooio>-t'MM-i"inor-303iOf-(c-ico- 

■^ "T "^ ''' "t ■-i' "^ "^^ 'O lO ire lO >0 iQ >n ■ra lO (O tj3 ilD '.O CO « (O O O O 1^ I^ 1~ 1^ I* !•- I-- t^ 1^ 1- '" -^ ■* -' ' 

CO CC <» :0 CO CO CO QO (» 00 f" — ._ --e ^ — — — „ _^ ,^ — .-,_., — ,^ — ^ „ .^. .^ .^. .^ — , — ,-, — . 



iiKa5cocococoooco»co«oocococ»o5coi*X'iOyDcocOooaO«)XcoW'»co«cocooDc^ _^ 



m (o I-- ! 



^ 


IX 


1 


T^ 


^ 


^^ 


(?! 


oi es 


v> 


o 


(TJ O 


ffl 


^ 


M 51 e» 


o 


n\ 


Tt 


Wi 


to 


*n 


On M 


=o 


eo 


n^ 




o 


Si 


00 




« 


t^S 


o 




'~1« 




• 


!>• ©5 «* 

51 S? O 


B* 


-^ 


M 


^ 




io 


^2 






^ri 


ft! 


15 




p 


^■1 


JO 


s 


^M 


?s 


^ 


J> ^ 


-f 


o 


»H ^ W 




tt 


^ 


^ 


1^- 


S 


r?5J 


^ 


o 




























I-- 
























































































































cs 


CI 






«i 






^' 51 






Cj 23 


«J 


ei 


Ol CO C* 




i-( 


»o 








•o ^ 




n 





■^ "» S K 

ei 1-1 15 « 

to to ^ ^ 

2 "^ !>• *-« 



o — ■* © ■ 



r cT « • 



* 00 51 O 

I ca I-- n 

) o 1-- -^ 

■ 5? "l*" 1-^ o" 



19 ta 5) » <:S « 



t» CO CO O? 2 « « CS CI 51 »0 OC O 15 iH i5 « t5 .5 t» 

" "^l '»' ^2 ^ i'^ « O « O O 51 55 '5 '5 « -f I- X I- 

05S^ «>^^«aDOX?SOOS5X51-t'-*3li- 

) 51 >5 lO <o Ci -»• CS •'S 51 .-< M C5 -3 51 51 X C. 51 -*■ -p- 

)^ i3 O » ^ © O 51 CI CC X t-" 'O O © O C « -^ » 

!^ Cr W l-T •<» -jT o" cf »'©' HO 5r tf « ■^ -^ cT cT :3 is' 

'OWi'" !3aOrt^H<Xl'"C5'-«i'MO©i'"Cl — 

1 »H rt *H 01 51 rt 51 51 »3 O u5 O -f. -^ 



o to o < 

CO T- O . 

Ti' -i t:3 1 



■ 00 to OD ( 

) O -t! o c 
» C-l CO o^ ( 



< Ol O CO 
I CD OJ rH 

' •?< C^ OS 



rHOiOOiOiOOO-^r-* 



) O iQ CO CO t^ .-H C-l I 

I O -T" lO 1- i« O CO I _..,.,_._. , _ _. _ _ — ,...,_. 

«Tj<-n'COa>'»T<OOCOOi-Ht^I>OiCl51050CTr-l-3'OiOCOC>lf5l* 



> CO C» C 



I O no - 

I CI O f 
) CO O I 



o 


CO 

5 


CO 


00 

;5 


S 


CO 


i 


i 


Si 

-1- 


i 


i 


i 


o 

CO 


i 




s 


I* 


O 



to o to 

CO C) CO 



^ 00 ( 
00 -T C 



lO 00 C 
l> CO c 



> Ol to 



> CO in to f 

) 1— t^ CJ ' 
I C-) Cl CO ( 



O (N ^ C 
CO C-] -T* I 
I.-^ rH C5 I 

~ to" cd" oT 
I o o ^ 
) CO -^ (M 



t- CO - 

CI CO ( 



> I— CO 1 

1 CO t^ c 
" ifi" in" ! 



■ CI lO CO CO -*< o 
I CO m CO >— I t- en 

> CI O O Ci lO CO 



CO CO Tf t— i-- Oi CO < 

rcoco"ificr.-rcCirri 

I UO Ol CO lO CI CJ> lO < 
> CO 1-- l^ CO 0> 1-- CO ' 



< C-l CO ( 
> tT OJ 1 

) I- l*- J 



' 00 CI 
I to -1* 

I CO o 



-- -S" ■1' CO OJ r- ( 
.- CO CO CO to o > 

rs ^ CI o lO :o I 



• t* 00 O CI r 



;?;SS 



CI O C- O. t 



I— O lO l-^ CO c> ■ 



o CO i6 o - 



- -- • a lO <. 

■ -V Cl CO i^ o OO 1 
; OO" t-^ rn" CO "^ t-^ C 



) M C t^ . 

< P3 -il -« C 

) ci tr CO ( 

r "rjT lo" QO cf co" o) o 

) CI -f I-- to CO CO Oi 

* Cl C* Ci in ■^ CO CO 

rco"5rt-^ 

- .-« 1-H CO 

( CI W CI 



' CJ -H O O f ( 

f -r -r m CO lo I 



( r-l Cl fH l^ O OD 



CI CO I 
iC iD I 
to .-I I 



CO 00 o 

r-l CO CO 
CO 1^ T-< 



O rH 1 

CO t^ < 



> o to 



•^ o 

.-1 to 

CO CO 



in o . 
in r-i t 

of oo cf in" iri" cf oi" CO in" I 

coeotocooinci'T^i 
cjcocococicieoci"*' 



• 00 to t^ c 

) O CO "* - 

> 1- l^ rH t 

r CO CO r-^ I 

■ Oi CO i-< t 

) 'O' CO o ( 

r i-T o" CO 

) -tJ -^ o 

« in to to 



CI CO -T t 
W 1-- CO t 



I CO Ci 
■ r- oo 

> o o 



O ^ O CO 



o en 
CO a 
ir^ O 



o m 
CJ c^ 
T CI 



in CO CO 
o in I-- 

m lO -^ 



CI to to o eo t-- 1 



in o -r 51 CO 



> o to in o ci t^ lO c. 

■ t' t^ t~ t^ CO CO o i> 



-I< CO 1 

ci oo I 
O C4 1 

■•jJ" co" I 

I-- CI ( 

l> CO < 



jco-T'inoc^cooeotom 
> ci o CI »H o •* t^ I* m m 

JClOOfr-tiHOCOTl- 

r o" in" co" x" cT dd" o cT -r -r 

J CO to CI 1^ -J t- I- O I-' to 

• 1.^ lo o CI CO t- i^ to in 30 

r o co" cr o i-T to" Ci" in co" -r " 

( -^' CO -S" 00 to W Cl CI 00 s^ 
ll--I~COOOl.-"OOOCJClO 



•oS 



2" 


a 






of* 


^ 






« o 




a 'J 


o 




1 



^ vj » cr 


i5ei^5icsi-ie9r-»-i««i-i5i^r:Ha5oes-t<©r«-»"-*"i---t«i9t^©»aiH 


g;«go-*cscs.H«i0 5i0 5io^aooei»oi'-ei«50GOcO'^M«s5iei 

1« ^_5I51©'*Oi»COiHOWrH ^^>0t5©i-(ffl!»r-»0'iJ<fflX©-J''^» 










e» X -SI © iX CS CC CI 00 03 I-- lO 15 CS X5 l* t» X M n- CS O W 59 t- W 5) f CO CO 


o" '^'-' 


- ' ** - X O iH CJ 15 lO »0 CO 09 Tf Ci , - "t* lO 51 X « r- i» « c- 1-1 iH iH iH 51 O 


« * 


Ci cs CI -^ t"- CO -f 51 1-1 O 69 CS t^ *-< O -f 51 t~" O 00 © t» i-( I- «D » CO 1-t O 




51«5 51C5»a'^iOC0iOiO Ol»O»iOi.--C9l-"e009f««««t-'*J* 



«,H»H'5S»'5'^52'^^^0'*''*'*®ieao«»3i5:>co«esci« 

CO CO --. ^_ "^^ O © ^ 't I- ^„ **. -*- O ^ » '5 W X M *"-_ '^_ "-^ O » X t9 

t, X -N 5^ S '0 © t- ^ Ci ?3 t<; » 51 -■ 1- e M i» r. e? o 3: C; 51 I* 15 
00iHO00'-i-t"C0OO»'-lCJ3l.>-r-S:>5'5C5»-t"C«WJ£^*»<M'^CS 

iO*9^t-^«DC0SS MQ*^t»X5l»i5r-ir.©'-i006t,ooX5l 
r^ 51 09 OTHf*iHO^O^^ CIWtHCI 



^a 






_.-j'iDco'i'cocoM<ciinin-^coincir*t-(Oaooi-i'-tto.-<ciciocoooi<-?'iOctcit^iOrHcnt^ococoino..,..._ 

JTrHC^o CI •—l-^0JinC0i>-O-rt'(» CI -i">-^COCO^i-H-p CI r-l-->Oa3 CD CO CO l--O-rt*OC0 CI '7''—l-T'l--COCO CI i-HCiCOCO CI 

j^ci'^ciococooai^t-iooinco-T'Oi-t^ciototDiociocorHcotooinin-^iHcoci'H^ooo-i'cocoinTtDrtin'a' 
cs TC S" "^ '"*'-'" 'T'" ^^" c-'~ "^' ^ ~ " 

pri lO O O C3 -f O CJ 1-- t^ CO 

^* — c£j(j)CscoTr'ni-*co^ 



I O CO CO CO 



lO 



(r-tOCDCO'^CO-rt-OOin 

, , , -... — -. _JcOinc5'»T''^to — — ■" 

ldW'-<COCOOt»-COTHCOCOOCO 



.. ., , . r- 00 o CI to CI o i>- cj CD t- o CO 1— I CO r- -^ •-* CO CO m CO cTi CO . , — 

tocoeoin'»fi'*otocooco'^c>Tj<oi— icicocotooiiH-T'-^iOO'-HCicDioo 



■^ CO to to i-l lO 1 



. Oi rH ■•f • 



o> CO lo ob Oi ■ 



; lO 00 CO i-i in o i> ' 



CI ■ 



1 ci i~- > 



ino-r'i-coT-T<ociOt-i>cofcitD.-it^-T'Oinoo 
r-iuj>i'-^ w.-.-^coo-Ticico-^ocoi— coO'5'cr>cOto-^-f xcot-iinci-^-^ 
Soincocoi.^fc?)cocooi.--i-Hi—cjcoi:~i-icoTi<c>t-^cioocoeo>-imi.'-coi-m 

rn" "T^ in i-T Tp CO cT to cf cT i-i co ci" cf co cf i-T 



cicooi~--TfioaiintDcoCTi-?*<Tixcicoctciiocoocco>ninoocj 

m CO I— Cl O 1— I O -T" Cl CO •— I O -T -^ CI Oj >0 --f to :C (^ CO rO m I'- CO ci o 

ci <» to CO CO I-- o ■^ ■^ to ci lO ci CI ci c> in CO ci cj CO to c* o CI T-< CO c5 

r^ i-T oT i-T iciT cT CO rn" cT oT n-7 CO r-T to r^ cT CO cs" c> 1-^ ^ i.'T r^ CO Iff cT cf 1*^ cT o 
-~ -cir~cooo-*cirHiOiOi-HCT5irooo- ~ . — .— — — — -i . — ... _ 

eoiOin-vmoooDCiot-incioco 



§ 


•-* 




g 


o 


to 


i 


i 




'-' 


CO 


CI 


CO 




CI 

CI 


g 


i 


1 


s 


I- 


Cl 


in 


"^ 


CO 



§ 


CO 
CD 




1 


s 

CI 


in 

CI 


g 


CD 


g 


i 


i 


g 


1 


i 


i 


i 


s 

u-3 


s 

00 


CO 

B 


Cl 


o 


g 


1 


Cl 


8 






s 




s 


§ 


So 


•* 


SI 


O 


S 


s 


s 


s 


s 


S 


CO 


s 


s 


§ 


s 


§ 


g 


g 


eo 


5 


Cl 




CI 


CI 


eft 
1*- 


to 


CT> 


in 

CO 


s 


i 


o 


Cl 
CO 


CI 

o 


g 


in 


in 


s 


g 


s 


i 


§ 


'I' 
Cl 


CO 


in 


CO 


in 


g 


in 


o 


"V 


xn 


o 


■^ 


CO 


CO 


•y 


Cl 


iH 


» 


00 


CO 


CO 


Oi 


.-o 


Ci 



oi r— Tj< CO 
o CI -n Oi 

CO CO CO -T' 



> CO o 

r cf cd" 



CI 00 O iC ( 

to O to .-1 ! 

Ol CI t* l> ■ 

in CD CO ccT ( 

CO 00 f lO ■ 

CO CO m CO 



■ O "* 

■ in i" 

i O CO 



in -*< I 
in i-i ( 

■* CO < 



■ -3* r-< .-< I^ O ' 



CO c* r» o in 



ic-ici-^-tocoaooTfciiocooi-i 



O OT iH O 



I CO to CO d 



r-« CD 
O 1^ 
I- CO 

to" cj" ijt CO ci" Cl i-H t-1 CO Cl ci" CO 



) CD in *c CO o • 



CI -i- c) lo o CO CO Cl ^ CO Cl to m CO o 

Ol— COOX't— CDOtOOCICOCOOCi 

ocico.-<com"<7"^co'<3<incit-iioo 



d in 00 CO cTi ' 



> I^ O t- I 

' CO o I-I ; 



J O I^ 

» .-I <Ti 
J CO "-' 



di Cl 1 

00 CO ! 



cococoi"-ocO'-HCi»-ir-indcoco^ 
oot— ci-r'T'cor-comoini.oocot 

— ~ — — lO O CD Cl CI O -^ CO -T" t- I 



.H r-1 O I- oC O 



Cl O CO O ■ 



I in Cl Cl CD CI CO o 



r lo" o" £ 



Cl O CO 

r-^" CO to Cl -r (- m. 

CO CD i^ ic in CO '" 

CO O Ol Cl to CO 



I 00 o cj o r^ CO I 



•B 


y 






•n 


u 






o 








t- 


rt 



00 m Cl C) CO c» 

— -■ — . lO Cl 

) CO in 



eri Cl Cl . 



oo ■-< CO CO ^ 
CO I> ^ C-^ CD . 



CO to CO I 

en oo 1-1 c 

lO o -^ < 



' cocT 



w" cf 



) CO o r- 

1 Cl 1-1 Cl 

) CO O CO 

r ys t-T 1-J 

■ CI CD ^ 

- t> in Cl 



CO 00 Cl 
CD CI C» 
r-l "d CO 



CO CO O lO no t 



CI Cl 3^ 

Sin CO 
CO CO 

crcri-riH"i-rcocrco"i^c^»o 



i> 00 en 
o o o 

CO f- CO 



1 lO oo < 

> Cl O ! 

> 05 CO f 

" r-T CO in o" uo cr ' 



1 — ' Cl o 

J CI I^ CO 
■ en Cl r-< 

i" CO co" co" 



cici-^cotociint— t^tHciin-?"! 
cnin.-(coco-?'-Tic)ocjicOi-Hcoc 
oocncicocicitocot-iocio; 



to ClClCiCDt-.-40CI •-<'?'.-( 

I CO m in I— CO CI CO in o CI o Cl 
I O CI i~ . i. - — — ~ -. — 



' -^ '^J li J ^—^ '.^ ^J ^' 

I Cl l> O CO O Cl "'J' 



o o in 
CD VcT 



CO CO 

ifj ca »— ' tj T if;> 1"- lij OC Cl uj uj t_^ -T" (7J 
ocicomOTftococoot-ciciojin 

'^r-rco"cr»nio"in"'i<"Tjrvo"e>rQOt>c»^"^ 



i-H,-iio^inin'j'OOor?cccicoincoco>— ir-coi 

o t— t- -7* en o Cl in o CD o r- ro Cl in o oc •-I I— CO c - - — . 

fcociinoi.-inincoci-3'OOOCii-«ciciL^inotocic 

tD"-^ci"ooDo'-^coi>tCxocorH't)oenc<rcocrco"cro"oin'toco' 

r-li-lt-f.-( rHrHi-HiHT-liHi-(CIr-l.-(Cli-iCIC)COCOCOeOeOCI( 



' o c? r-( vn I^ 



CO o < 
o a I 

l> O ( 



' c> in to CO I 



I fH CO Cl 
> .-H CO CO 

I o in I- 



CO .-H CO 
CI CO CO 
Cl Cl CO 



CO 00 

"* in 



O iH 00 I 

m CD tn ■ 
Cl in -^ ■ 



I m OC' tD ! 

1 T-l -^ Cl I 

I Cl O CO ( 



>t— coci'--ir^cocir-'?">~^ciOino 
'.-icn'^Oi-iinT'tDi.oc/ri.-icotDco 
<cococotocococ3m'?'cor-(i-oi^ 



CO CO CO 
CD .-I r-< 

O CO CO 



o -^ 

Cl in 



CO CO 

o to 

■T1 o 



CD OS CO I-» 



»-l Cl O ■■ 
CO Cl Ol I 

o o en t 



1 lO CO i-H 

> Cl o en 
) tH m Cl 



1^ O CO 

CO i-- 

01 in I-I 



00 to -f I 

en Ol Cl ! 
TT> i-« O I 



I CO CO t- c 
1 in 00 i-H c 
I O CO t- t 



1 to CI CD 
) Cl Ol -1* 

> to en Cl 



o ■^ X 1 
CO Cl in ! 
CO to t^ t 



• cocoi-^oiciCJCicitDr-t-veoino 



^CO'^rlCOCOCICOi 



ic^ci'dcoini-tcoxt-corfciocoxcieoc^coeouooo- 



s 


i 


s 


g 


i 


§ 


g 


^5 


s 


g 


g 


i 


o 


s 




iS 


s 





S2l 



^ K - o 






X « V 



feMCJ 



I 51 ^ ^ 51 ^ 



1^ o C3 ^» »5 o "n 

<i( CS *^ to Cir, ^ o 
Cj CO »-*»-< Cl O Gi 

!"W5"^tD"co"?^o"c^ 
wa <« v^ wi eo to Cl 
r CO *-< eo ** Ot t- Co 



»^o^oo'&^Cl-*««^o^*^'n'Hg^oto•H55QC'^w■-♦<■-*■t£5^xo^co»:^"*«^^■^^»5x.ca?:^©©"»•-*■ao9XOwC^ 

Ef S '>i K g 8 M ff 8 S SI S n S ^ 'S '^ S "' 55 w «; *- -.' « -.; y r^ .,' jT j' g g 8 »■' f ;-' S? 3 s jT =f n f f iT 5 t\ 

Cl---»^ODOOl"cir^'5('^»-i':;-Hrr3f^tMen ^Oi'V •■ ^~ ^ »%■ ^i- »- ^ r.^51 ^ r .-25 ^ ,- .. .. » »- .- w , r. 

S< "-"i X ©^ Gt to ^ to 1^5 t^ CO o (^ JO -^ t- cc >-j x '"' Ca ^ I- -t" «•- SI 15 O 51 f t- 05 ^* X CS 51 "^ t- 15 51 © 15 » t -^ X -»■ 

.-, 1-, 1-H •~<*-<rt l'«»3«3srt;rifl5lOt»©'*ei «C90 Wt-OOD — 51**'«i^2S 

rl 51 51 1-1 51 iH iH 51 51 rH 51 !S *9 t9 © '^ eC 



s 


p. 


— 












__i ^, 




r-i 








^ 


^ 




^ 








q3 










rn 




tH 


^ 




^ 




r-l 






m 






^ 




m 


-. 


o 


on 




Cl 


m 




o 


d Cl rH 


^ 


n 


o 


I-" 












CO «J 




















5 
















^SI^ 
























































































OCl 


to 


l^ 












■^ 














































J^'f 


in 


cT 


co' 




o" 




in" in" 


7^^ 




s" 


en 








to" 


co" 


^' 




P;?? 


f^- 


to 


,^.! 


!>■ 




S! 


f:; 


fZ^^ 


iS" 


i5 


■ O 


Ol 


ES 


1- 


Cl 


Sj 


CO 


s 




s 


."^ 


CO 


s 


9, 


^1 


g 


o 


» 


CO CO 


Cl 

cr- 


?^S?cS 


c 


« 


s? 


oo 


1^ 


eo 




it 


I-" 


CO 


CO <n 




o 


c> 


Cl 




o 


o> 


in 












UJ 


Cl 


■"• 


1-- 




*"!, 




(.■J 
















•"1 




'^. 




'■"l 




'I 






""1 


""t. 


CO en 






*^ 


■"1. 





CD C CO CO ! 



00 O O O I 






) Cl o eo CO CO CO I" 1 

) r-l Ol O m to tH Cl ( 
) Cl iH CI T-1 iH CO CI 1 



I to Cl Cl -J I 



I t -^ Cl CO •-< 

I i# "^ ic in o 



CO o 
o in 



d T- O lO Cl O ( 



;^i^; 



■ 00 c* I"- to r- to i'^ CO ' 



1 o 1^ 

1 CO -t" 
> O 00 



t^ C) p •-■ I- — ' I- . 

_- o 00 in CO Cl c» oo ; 

OOOOOOOCJCICO-^C 



1 in Ol -*• Ol o < 

I CO -J" -f Ol CI ( 

: o CO CO r-< in ■ 



) .-I Cl CO O O l^ '^ 1"- 
< 0> TT CD Cl lO I— -^ I-" 



I Cl CO l^ Cl X I 



I t- r- CO ; 

" co" oo cf 

O O CO 

X CO '^ 

I f-^ r-^ o" 

I Cl in --< 

I Cl d eo 



-f f-i Ol CI r^ 

in -T I-I ^ 1— 
CO CO r-( in CO 



KO CO < 

•— CO t 
CO CI I 



X X c 
CI CO c 
"^ CO c 

oo CO • 

SCO C 
Cl ( 



I tH lO CO -tT* " 

> CO CO CO TT* I 

r oT Ol" CO cd" c 

1 OQ CO -T* rH ( 

> Cl r-1 Cl CO < 









_j 




7?. 


,^ 


o 


'N 


f.-> 


o 


to 


Cl 


in 


CO 


n 


■^ 


"^ 


ro 


Cl 


CO 


X 
















^ 


































■^ 






Cl 










t^ 


1^ 
















































































:;! 








i"?I 


































y 












































o 


I- 






























































-11 


^ 


.■S 


51 


!^ 


o 


ni 


s 


!n 


K< 


H 




R 


^ 


'o 


S 




ri 




p- 


fV^ 


rfi 


-at 


00 




■ij< 




fii 


lO 


m 


^ 


""J" 


■V 


UJ 




l- 






UJ 


M-l 



' Cl to Cl CO • 



tD -^ f-1 1-) Cl Cl 



. O CD < 

I CO Cl ■ 



. k^^ ^^# ,^ ,-j v'rf --I ' 

I -^ Cl Cl t^ I- ^ . 



. t> c- to to o6 X 



Cl >-i CO 1* 

~ CO irf 
o Cl 

Cl o 



ncDi^xoiO'-tcieo"4'intDr*xcio 



■^incDi^xoio.-tdeo"i'intDr*xcio«-<weo'T'ntoi^xoiOt-HCico'^intor^copQT:;cieo3;»ocot^ 
3 ^ o; ^ Si iv 1^ in in in lO in in <n in in CO to o to ci to CD to CD o !■- r^ t^ i^ !-• ij> I-- I; 1; 1^ « X 

coxxx»xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx:oxcoxxxxx 



JXdioioioiciciociciL- ____ 

iXXXXXXXXXXXCldClCl 



COMMERCIAL CONDITIONS OF THE UNITED STATES COMPARED WITH THOSE OF OTHER 

PARTS OF THE WORLD. 



Comparing conditions in the United States with those of other parts of the world, it may be said that the 
United States has enjoyed its full share of the prosperity of the year. A comparison of the figures of our own 
commerce in the fiscal year 1903 with that of other countries is difficult, owing to the fact that the fiscal years of 
other governments in many cases do not correspond with that of the United States, and also to the delay in 
obtaining figures of the imports and exports for recent periods. The table following (pp. 4369-437-J:) shows the 
imports and exports of the principal commercial countries of the world down to the latest available date, and 
furnish a most satisfactorj- means of comparing commercial conditions in the United States with those of other 
principal countries of the world. 

4368 



AREA AND POPULATION OF THE PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD, THEIR TOTAL FOREIGN COMMERCE AND COM- 
MEPiCE WITH THE UNITED STATES; ALSO THEIR REVENUE, EXPENDITURE, INDEBTEDNESS, CURRENCY, STOCKS OF 
MONEY, AND PER CAPITA COMMERCE, INDEBTEDNESS, CURRENCY, ETC. 

[Table continued on page 4370.] 



COUNTRIES. 



Argentina 

AiLstralasia: Commonwealth... 

New Zealand 

Austria-Hunsary 

Austria 

Hungary 

Belgium 

Bolivia 

Brazil 

Britiali colonies, n. e. s 

Bulgaria 

Canada 

Central America: Costa Rica... 
Guatemala .. 
Honduras ... 
Nicaragua... 
San Salvador 

ChUe 

China 

Colombia 

Cuba 

Denmark 

Ecuador 

Egypt 

Finland 

France 

Algeria 

Tunis 

French colonies, n. e. s 

French East Indies^ 

German Empire 

German colonies 

Greece 

Haiti 

India, British ^ 

Italy 

Japan 

Formosa 

Korea 

Mexico 

Netherlands 

Dutch East Indies 

Norway 

Paraguay 

Persia 

Peru 

Portugal 

Roumania 

Eufssia 

Santo Domingo 

Servia 

Siam 

Spain 

Sweden 

Switzerland 

Turkey 

United Kingdom 

United States 

Philippine Islands 

Uruguay 

Venezuela 

Total 



AREA AND POPULATION. 



Area. 



Sq. 
1, 

2, 



1, 
««3, 



miles. 

135, 810 

972, 573 

101,751 

211,333 

• 115, 903 

' 125, .130 

11,373 

703, G04 

1,219,000 

951,333 

38, OSO 

!, 018, 710 

23, 000 

40, 774 

46, 250 

49. 200 
7,225 

279, 901 
,532,420 
504,773 

43,000 

15, 300 
116,000 
383,900 
144,255 
207, 054 
184,474 

51,000 

;, 375, 602 

461,196 

208, 830 

,025,829 

25, 014 

10. 201 
.,700,642 

110,046 
147, 655 

13, 458 

84,400 
767, 060 

12,503 
736, 400 
124, 130 

97 722 
628, 000 
713, 859 

36,038 

50,700 
1, 600, 395 

].S,0i5 

18, 630 
236, 000 
194, 783 
172,870 

15, 976 
115,046 
121,371 
025, 600 
115,000 

72, 210 
693, 940 



41,414,336 



Population. 



4,794,000 

3, 772, 000 

788, 000 

45,405,000 

=» 26, 151, 000 

=•19,254,000 

6,694,000 

1,816,000 

14,334,000 

14, 434, 000 

3, 744, 000 

5, 457, 000 

313, 000 

1,647,000 

775, 000 

w 500, 000 

1,007,000 

3,051,000 

407, 253, 000 

"4,000,000 

1,573,000 

2, 465, 000 

1,201,000 

9, 734, 000 

2,744,000 

38, 962, 000 

4,739,000 

1,900,000 

26, 427, 000 

18,346,000 

58,549,000 

13, 513, 000 

2, 434, 000 

1,294,000 

294,361,000 

32, 475, 000 

45,862,000 

2, 700, 000 

» 12, 000, 000 

13, 545, 000 

5, 347, 000 

35, 736, 000 

2, 263, 000 

636, 000 

15 9, 500, 000 

4,610,000 

5,429,000 

5,913,000 

141,000,000 

610, 000 

2,530,000 

5, 000, 000 

18, 018, 000 

5,199,000 

3, 356, 000 

21,932,000 

41,961,000 

80, 372, 000 

7,590,000 

959,000 

2,445,000 



Popula- 
tion per 
square 
mile. 



4.22 

1.27 

7.52 

188. 14 

225.63 

153.51 

588.59 

2.58 

4.45 

15.17 

98.33 

1.79 

13.61 

35.21 

16.76 

10.16 

139. 38 

10.90 

265. 76 

7.92 

36.58 

160.48 

10.38 

25.36 

19.02 

188.17 

25.69 

37.25 

7.83 

39.78 

280.36 

13.20 

97.31 

126. 81 

166. 62 

293. 50 

310. 60 
201. 07 
142. 18 

17.65 

426. 61 
48. 63 
18.23 

6.51 
15.13 
6.46 

150.65 

116.03 
16.28 
33.80 

130. 12 
21.19 
95.58 
30.07 

210.07 
22.36 

345. 73 
26.56 
66.00 
13.28 
4.12 



FOREIGN COMMEKCE. 



Year. 



1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 



1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 

31903 
1902 
1900 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1898 

= 1903 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 

1901-02 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1901 

1902-03 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 

3 1903 
1902 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1901 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 

1898-99 
1902 

3 1903 

3 1903 
1902 



1,508,659,000 



Imports. 



Dollars. 

99, 433, 000 

'203,014,000 

=55,121,000 

349, 228, 000 



459, 472, 000 

6, 587, 000 

113, 288, 000 

475, 370, 000 

13,751,000 

224, 814, 000 

4,415,000 

3, 018, 000 

1,672,000 

2,185,000 

2, 624, 000 

48, 336, 000 

198,364,000 

10, 695, 000 

58,826,000 

116, 720, 000 

7, 029, COD 

73, 229, 000 

45,191,000 

848, 020, 000 

04,228,000 

12, 483, 000 

46, 808, 000 

41,9«,000 

1,340,178,000 

8, 969, 000 

26, 031, 000 

5, 500, 000 

255,614,000 

342,718,000 

135,322,000 

5,030,000 

6,744,000 

74,690,000 

807, 308, 000 

86, 894, 000 

77, 779, 000 

2,270,000 

23, 703, 000 

21,002,000 

60, 044, COO 

54, 686, 000 

305,614,000 

2,987,000 

8, 650, 000 

15, 782, OOO 

175, 487, 000 

134,605,000 

217, 803, 000 

117,134,000 

2, .571, 410, 000 

1,02.5,719,000 

82,972,000 

24, .565, 000 

8, 500, 000 



11,621,366,000 



Exports. 



Dollars. 
173, 205, 000 
1213,713,000 
= 06,403,000 
388,460,000 



371, 

11, 

177, 

280, 

20, 

196, 

5, 

7, 

2, 

3, 

3, 

67, 

134, 

IS, 

77, 

85, 

8, 

87, 

39, 

820, 

60, 

7, 

35, 

40, 

1,113, 

4, 

15, 

12, 

408, 

284, 

127, 

6, 

4, 

88, 

732, 

98, 

45, 

3, 

13, 

17, 

30, 

72, 

392, 

5, 

13, 

21, 

161, 

105, 

168, 

69, 

1,379, 

1,39'i, 

33, 

33, 

14. 



620, 000 
070, 000 
323, 000 
744,000 
011,000 
101,000 
061,000 
134,000 
3.57, 000 
213, 000 
926, 000 
846, 000 
720, 000 

487, dbo 

819,000 
730, 000 
811,000 
081,000 
117,000 
071,000 
804, 000 
651,000 
806, 000 
677, 000 
313, 000 
497, 000 
466,000 
700, 000 
396,000 
177, 000 
320, 000 
881,000 
142,000 
200, 000 
975, 000 
724, 000 
087, 000 
787, COO 
243, 000 
938, 000 
710, OOO 
340,000 
216,000 
224, 000 
920, 000 
103, 000 
297,000 
154,000 
741,000 
072, 000 
283,000 
231,000 
122,000 
656, 000 
903, 000 



Excess of 
exports (+) or 
imports ( — ). 



Dollars. 
+ 73, 772, 000 
+ 10,069,000 
+ 11,282,000 
+ 39, 232, 000 



87, 
6, 

64, 

194, 

6, 

28, 
1, 



1, 

1, 
19, 
63, 

7, 
19, 
30, 

1, 
13, 

- 6, 

- 27, 

3, 

- 4, 

- 11, 

- 1, 

- 220, 

- 4, 

- 10, 
+ 7, 
+ 152, 

- 58, 

- 7, 
+ 1, 

- 2, 
+ 13, 

- 134, 

+ 11. 

- 32, 
+ 1. 

- 10. 

- 3, 

- 29, 
17. 
SO. 



5, 
5, 

- 14, 

- 29, 

- 49, 

- 5S, 
-1,192, 
+ 366, 
+ 

+ 9, 
+ 6, 



8.52, 000 
489, 000 
035, 000 
020, 000 
200,000 
653,000 
240, 000 
116, 000 
685, 000 
05S, 000 
302, 000 
610, 000 
044, 000 
792, 000 
023, 000 
990, 000 
782,000 
852, 000 
074,000 
365,000 
424,000 
932,000 
002, 000 
287, 000 
805,000 
472, 000 
508,000 
260, 000 
782,000 
541,000 
996, 000 
851,000 
602,000 
510,000 
333, 000 
830, 000 
092, 000 
517,000 
460, 000 
124,000 
334,000 
651, 000 
601.000 
237,000 
270, OOO 
321,000 
190,000 
451,000 
062,000 
062, 000 
133,000 
512, 000 
150, 000 
091,000 
310,000 



COMMERCE WITH THE 
UNITED STATES. 



Exports from I Imports into 

United States United Slates 

to. from. 



Dollars. 
9. 808, 529 

28, 101, 784 

0,072,580 



10,206,607,000 I 



-1,354,099,000 



43,515,112 

70, 926 

11,1.5.5,505 

57, 880, 757 



123,472,416 

1, 697, 043 

1,128,418 

969,903 

1,304,518 

868, 329 

3, 753, 222 

22, 698, 282 

2, 923, 404 

21,769,572 

14,812,900 

1,347,850 

667, 677 

70, 497, 327 

s 386, 758 

2,785,418 

62, 361 

174, 264, 495 

30,949 

369, 919 

1.966,313 

4,806,683 

33, 135, 512 

21.622,603 

257, 130 

42,227,786 

74, 576, 164 

2, 210, 963 

C) 

14,815 



2,573,289 
2,915,897 
138,635 
7,518,177 
1,700,371 



15,976,788 

9, 530, 137 

203, 367 

354,457 

523, 773. 397 



4,038,909 
1,549,812 
2,736,720 



1,356,906,925 



Dollars. 
10, 390, 873 

= 13,845,001 

10,093,340 



17.912.084 

1.731 

71,583,086 

22, 875, 024 



5-!. 660, 410 
3,291,545 
2, 190, 145 
1,130,220 
2,199,313 
583, 459 
7,165,839 

26, 182, 113 
3,140,043 

62,341,942 

08,494 

1,823,166 

10,854,628 
(') 

87,895,253 

'461,102 

1, 088, 493 

3,873 

111,999,904 

11,702 

1,229,144 

1,127,641 

51,831,665 

33, 612, 864 

40,597,582 



= 61,802,902 
20. 899. 588 
15, 313, 948 

3,890 



2,826,493 
3,229,813 
65 
7,202,757 
3,361,319 
33, 149 



8. 787, 621 

4,193,307 

19, 864. 767 

2,359,830 

180,249,114 



11,372,5S4 
2,830,069 
6,609,919 



1,003,224,820 



Note.— For explanatory notes see page 4374. 



No. 11- 



-11 



4369 



4370 



TEEEITOEIAL Am) COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



[May, 



Area and Population of the Principal Countries of the World, their Total Foreign Commerce and 

OF Monet, and Per Capita Commerce, 

[Table continued 



COUNTRIES. 



EEVENDE AND EXPENDITUEE. 



Year. 



Revenue. 



Expenditure. 



Excess of 

revenues (+) or 

expenditures (— ) 



Argentina 

Australasia: Commonwealth 

New Zealand 

Austria-Hungary 

Austria 

Hungary 

Belgium 

Bolivia 

Brazil 

British colonies, n. e. s 

Bulgaria 

Canada 

Centr,al America: Costa Kica 

Guatemala . . . 

Honduras 

Nicaragua 

San Salvador . 

Chile 

China 

Colombia 

Cuba 

Denmark 

Ecuador 

Egypt 

Finland 

France 

Algeria 

Tunis 

French colonies, n. e. s 

French East Indies 

German Empire 

German States 

German colonies 

Greece 

Haiti 

India, British 

Italy 

Japan 

Formosa 

Korea 

Mexico 

Netherlands 

Dutch East Indies 

Norway 

Paraguay 

Persia 

Peru 

Portugal 

Koumania 

Russia 

Santo Domingo , 

Scrvia 

Siam 

Spain 

Sweden 

Switzerland 

Turkey 

United Kingdom 

United States 

Philippine Islands 

Uruguay , 

Venezuela 



9 1901 

9 1902-03 

' 1902-03 

" 1902-03 

" 1903 

" 1902 

' ISOl 

1' 1902 

» 1901 

» 1902-03 

" 1903 

9 1902 

" 1902-08 

9 1902 

» 1902 

» 1901 

9 1902 

9 1901 

9 1901 



9 1902 

9 1902-03 

9 1901 

»1902 

9 1901 

9 1902 

9 1902 

9 1901 

" 1901-02 

" 1902 

9 1901 

9 1901-02 

11 1902-03 

11 1903 
11 1901-02 

9 1902 

9 1902-03 

9 1901-02 

9 1901-02 

11 1903 

9 1901-02 

9 1901 

11 1903 

9 1901-02 

11 1902 

1898-99 

9 1901 

9 1901-02 

9 1901-02 

9 1902 
11 1902-03 

11 1902 

11 1902-03 

9 1902 

9 1901 

9 1902 

11 1897-98 

9 1902-03 

9 1903 

9 1903 

9 1902 

9 1902 



Dollars. 

62, 723, 000 

755, 000 
, 37i;, 000 
i, 896, 000 
1,509,000 
1,072,000 
;, 657, 000 
,014,000 
, 295, 000 
1,000 
;, 917, 000 
,051,000 
1,820,000 
:, OIG, 000 
, 373, 000 
:, 403, 000 
,281,000 
:, 684, 000 

710, 000 



140, 

31 

75, 

350, 

220, 

122, 

3, 

137, 

121 

18, 

" 53, 



No data. 



IS, 

20, 

5, 

60, 

25, 

095, 

=« 10, 

10 26 1' 

495, 
»> 901, 

32 2, 

14 

«7, 

371 

375, 

133, 

9, 

5, 

29, 

61 

61 

27, 

11 

19 7 

57, 

42, 

1,101 

1 

13, 

13, 

197, 

49, 

20, 

81 

737, 

694, 

15, 

10 

4 



Total . 



791,000 
306, 000 
208,000 
051,000 
555,000 
276,000 
899, OCO 

r>,s,oco 

100, 000 
037, 000 
8.53, 000 
287, 000 
227,000 
664,000 
327, 000 
531, 000 
000, 000 
039, 000 
841,000 
362, 000 
171,000 
526,000 
934. 000 
000, 000 
007, OCO 
300, 000 
533, 000 
336, 000 
114,000 
107, 000 
910,000 
019, 000 
823, 000 
077, 000 
712, 000 
691,000 
450, 000 
626, 000 
621,000 
326, 000 
703,000 
818, 000 



Dollars. 

60, 757, 000 

1 42, 148, 000 

30,241,000 

75, 896, 000 

350, 424, 000 

221,649,000 

116, 500, 000 

3, 063, 000 

99, 366, 000 

117,381,000 

18, 853, 000 

SI 50,759,000 

2, 812, 000 

2, 109, 000 

1,264,000 

2,393,000 

3,274,000 

44,001,000 

71,896,000 

No data. 

19, 515, 000 

20, 792, 000 

4,540,000 

56,511,000 

24, 993, 000 

695, 250, 000 

=8 10, 496, 000 

6,481,000 

19 =9 17, 100, 000 

» 12,031,000 

553, 222, 000 

81 902,990,000 

=5 2,227,000 

14,327,000 

« 7,341,000 

346, 440, 000 

356,492,000 

132, 896, 000 

9, 643, 000 

5,361,000 

27, 819, 000 

61,468,000 

06, 750, 000 

27, 2.59, 000 

11,007,000 

19 7, 300, 000 

7,016,000 

62, 170, 000 

38, 906, 000 

1,110,095,000 

1,722,000 

14, 086, 000 
13, 640, 000 

187, 846, 000 
49, 593, 000 
20, 563, 000 
81,089,000 
897,790,000 
640, 323, 000 
14,263,000 

15, 032, 000 
5,026,000 



Dollars. 
+ 1,966,000 
- 1, 393, 000 
+ 1, 135, 000 



+ 85, 000 

- 977, 000 
+ 6,157,000 

- 49,000 
+ .37,929,000 
+ 4,504,000 

64, 000 

, 292, 000 

8,000 

123, 000 

109, 000 

10, 000 

7,000 

5, 317, 000 

9, 186, 000 



+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 
+ 
+ 



724, 000 
486, 000 
668, 000 
3, 510, 000 
502, 000 
26, OCO 
403, 000 
323,000 



-I- 6, 000 

- 57,369,000 
-I- 1,297,000 



-I- 337, 000 

- 14, 000 
-I- 25,091,000 
+ 18,508,000 
-I- 144, 000 
-I- 201,000 
+ ] , 000 
+ 1,3-52,000 
+ 58, 000 

- 4, 816, 000 

- 259,000 



517, 000 

4, 834, 000 

3^208, 000 

14, 988, 000 

188, 000 

467, 000 

183, 000 

9,231,000 

119,000 

128, 000 

361, OCO 

-160,264,000 

+ 64,298,000 

+ 1,063,000 

+ 1,671,000 

208, OCO 



+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 



7,901,4,S6,000 



7, 980, 856, 000 



Note. — For explanatory notes see page 4374. 



1804.] 



TEEEITOEIAL AND COMMERCIAL EXPANSION OF UNITED STATES. 



4371 



COMJIERCE WITH THE UnITED StATES", ALSO THEIR REVENUE, EXPENDITURE, INDEBTEDNESS, CURRENCY, StOCKS 

Indebtedness, Currency, etc. — Continued. 

on page 4372.] 



DEBT. 




Year. 


Funded. 


Floating. 


Total in 

United States 

currency. 


Rates of 
interest. 


Interest and 
other annual 

charges 
(budget esti- 
mate). 


COUNTRIES. 


1902 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1902 
1902 
1901 
1902 

1902-03 
1902 
1902 
1903 
1903 
1903 

1902-03 
1903 
1902 
1902 
1903 


s 


10 477,888,035 

212,028,414 

55,899,019 

6, 359, 326, 917 

3,626,180,223 

4, 449, 360, 000 

2,778,051,351 

15 6,551,831 

42,423,817 

73,906,192 

20 323,462,000 

22 271,829,090 

2,185,250 

1,749,704 

23 19,688,353 

261,665 

(2<) 

IS 17,042,580 

125,991,960 

2,916,000 


$ 


1,877,230 

10,843,351 

700,000 

12 96, 100, 892 

14,413,411 

13 666,820,000 

40, 876, 000 

■0 7,306,021 

" 1,4-16,919,616 

19 1,869,648 


Dollars. 

479,765,265 

1,084,605,444 

275,439,126 

1,107,464,025 

739,020,208 

1,038,585,000 

5-14,052,979 

6, 180, 602 

540,093,936 

368,763,125 

62, 428, 200 

271,829,090 

14,603,5.50 

12, 142, 334 

96,219,771 

5,-590,636 

3,696,472 

107,301,1-51 

613,140,000 

14,494,792 


41-6 
3-5 
3-5 
3-4 

3-5; 

3-4 
21-3 
4-6 
4-6 
3-6 
5-6 
2f-5 
2^3 
4-8 
5 -10 
4-6 
4-5 
4;-- 5 
4-8 
11-3 


Dollars. 

35,021,820 

41,979,208 

9,2-51,114 

50,910,903 

34,279,394 

" 49, 046, 091 

27,702,551 

2-53,661 

23,947,043 

10 12,000,000 

5,091,070 

13, 808, 565 

20« 623,496 

2* 704,621 

20> 229, 826 

372,410 

206,994 

4, 727, 871 

i» 30,452,000 

Default. 




j; 


£ 


Australasia* Commonwealtli 


£ 




New Zealand. 


Cmvms 

Crowns 

Crown.') 

Franca 

Bolivianos . 
£ 




Austria-Hungary. 
Austria. 


Crowns .... 




Hungary. 
Belgium 


Francs 


Bolivianos 

Milreis 


Bolivia. 
Brazil. 


£ 


£ 


British colonies n c s 


Francs 

9 




Bulgaria. 








£ 


Colones 


8, 535, 564 
31,270,680 
i» 1,142,412 
11,263,466 
9,676,628 
'« 75,437,880 


Central America" Co^ta Rica 


£ 


Pesos, paper 




£ 




£ 


Pesos 


Nicaragua. 
San Salvador 




Pesos 


£ 




Chile. 


£ 




China. 


£ . ... 


Peso? 


25 689,551 








Cuba. 


1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 


Kroner 

Snores 

£ 


16 176,327,250 

8, 534, 560 

102,896,100 

13 1, 182, 784 

29,225,090,629 


Kroner 


« 08,591,884 
3,273,984 


20 66, 033, 849 

5,746,628 

21 500,743,871 

25, 897, 277 

5,856,706,403 


3-4 
31-5 
3-4; 
3-3! 
3-3; 


2,184,254 

393,018 

21,712,993 

1,1-56,583 

227,761,491 


Denmark. 


Sucres 


Ecuador. 




'Egypt. 


Francs 

Francs 








Francs 


1,120,529,400 


France. 




Algeria. 


1902 


Francs 


157,088,000 






30,433,784 


3 


1,333,537 


Tunis. 






French colonic.'', n. e b 


















French East Indies. 


1902 
1902 


Marks 

Marks 


2,811,517,700 
11,246,400,100 


Marks 


20 122,821,500 
46,125,100 


698,849,400 
2,687,621,000 


3-3} 
3-4 


23, 582, 000 
111,121,700 


German Empire. 




German .States. 




German coloniea, 


1903 
1902 
1902 
1902 
1902 


Francs 

$ 


715,000,000 

12,567,964 

»> 207,768,012 

IB 12,615,394,000 

502, 220, 140 


Drachmas, paper . 
S 


83 178,624,062 
i» 35 1.5,393,285 

3' 18,864,093 
3» 651,988,000 

« 23,591,410 


159,787,136 

27,961,249 

1,102,905,139 

<o 2,560,605,000 

261,8-57,143 


21- b 
5-6 
3-4S 
3-5 
4-6 


4,473,046 
2,965,390 

36,223,068 
114,422,546 

21,705,421 


Greece. 
Haiti. 


£ 


£ 


India, British, 


Lire 

Yen 


Lire 


Italy. 


Yen 


Japan. 




Formosa, 


















Korea. 


1902 
1903 


$ 


175, 353, 345 
1,137,116,676 


Pesos 


1,342,400 
<2 15,000,000 


175,945,345 
463, 150, 904 


3-5 
2;- 3 


9,070,028 
13,963,005 


Mexico. 


Florins 


Florins 






Dutch East Indies. 


1902 
1903 
1903 
1902 
1903 
1902 
1903 
1903 
1902 


Kroner 

£ . 


262, .598, 3 11 

« 2,034,936 

32,-500,000 

m 

« 153,708,445 

1,238,339,384 

« 6,629,246,086 

« 3, 885, 350 

418,685,093 






70,376,355 

« 11,223,805 

16,737,-500 

23,159,700 

819,886,530 

272,771,501 

3,-114,061,734 

26,219,449 

80,806,223 


3-35 

s -4; 

5 


2,672,415 

152,446 

" 1,000,000 


Norway, 




" 13, 207, 890 




Rubles 




Persia. 


£ 


4,759,000 
66,-541,141 
175,000,000 




£ 


Milreis 


3-4^ 

4-5 

8-6 

2i-4 

4-5 


22,709,806 

16,683,131 

151,113,688 

Default. 

3,748,400 




Francs 

Rubles 

£ 








Russia. 


8 


7,311,393 


Santo Domingo. 


Francs 








Siam. 


1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 
1903 




Pesetas 

Kroner 

Francs 

£ Turkish.. 
£ 


» 10,680,777,050 

" 346,693,044 

'2 90, 158, 376 

139,510,187 

'< 095, 645, 762 

914,6)1,410 






2,061,389,972 

92, 833, 336 

17,400,567 

723,125,400 

3,885,166,333 

61 9i5,011,637 

6. 000, 000 

127, ,302, 827 

49,335,647 


4-5 

3-4 

3! 

3S-5 

2;- 2j 

2-5 

4 

3.1-5 

3-5 


80,390,654 

3,207,960 

838,016 

28,420,900 

13-8,376,412 

28,556,349 

240,000 

6,741,800 

Default- 


Spain. 












£ Turkish 

£ 


63 24,836,494 

63 102, 70:!, 428 

10, 470, 227 

6, 000, 000 

'« 21,228,902 

6« 112,241,399 


Turkey. 


S 


$ 


United Stntf^ 




s 


Philippine Islands. 
Uruguay. 


rcsos 

Bolivars 


101,9-15,979 
" 143,383,716 




Bolivars 










34,633,164,406 




1,417,-532.295 


Total. 

















4372 



TEEEITOEIAL AISTD COMMERCIAL EXPAITSION OP UNITED STATES. 



[May, 



Akea and Population of the Pkincipal Countries of the World, their Total Foreign Commerce and 

OF Monet, and Per Capita Commerce, 



[Table continued 



COUNTRIES. 



Argentina 

Australasia: Commonwealtli . . . 

New Zealand 

Austria-Hunijary 

Austria 

Hungarj' 

Belgium 

Bolivia 

Brazil 

British colonies, n. e. s 

Bulgaria 

Canada 

Central America: Costa Kica 

Guatemala... 

Honduras 

Nicaragua 

San Salvador. 

Chile 

Chuia 

Colombia 

Cuba 

Denmark 

Ecuador 

Egypt..; 

Finland 

France 

Algeria 

Tunis 

French colonies, n. e. s 

French East Indies 

German Empire 

German States 

German colonies 

Greece 

Haiti 

India, British 

Italy 

Japan 

Formosa 

Korea 

Mexico 

Netherlands 

Dutch East Indies 

Norway 

Paraguay 

Persia 

Peru 

Portugal 

Roumania 

Russia 

Santo Domingo 

Servia 

Siam 

Spain 

Sweden 

Switzerland 

Turkey 

United Kingdom 

United States 

Philippine Islands 

Uruguay 

Venezuela 



PEE CAPITA OF— 



Imports. 



Dollars. 
20.71 
H.OO 
69.95 
7.69 



6S.64 

3.07 

7.93 

32.21 

3.67 

41.19 

14.10 

18.33 

2.16 

4.37 

2.60 

15. SI 

.48 

2.67 

37.40 

47.35 

5.84 

7.52 

16.47 

21.76 

13. .55 

6.57 

1.77 

2.29 

22.89 



Exports. 



Total. 



.66 

10.69 

4.25 

.86 

10.55 

2.95 

1.86 

.66 

5.51 

162. 20 

2.43 

34.37 

3.57 

2.50 

4.57 

11.06 

9.25 

2.10 

4.90 

3.41 

3.15 

9.43 

25.89 

64.89 

4.69 

61.28 

12.76 

4.34 

23.62 

3.50 



Dollars. 

36.13 

56.06 

8-1.27 

8.65 



55.52 

6.09 

12.31 

19.45 

5.34 

35.95 

18.09 

43.32 

3.04 

6.49 

3.89 

22.23 

.33 

4.62 

49.50 

34.78 

7.32 

8.94 

14.26 

21.06 

12.83 

3.97 

1.36 

2.22 

19.02 



.33 
G.35 
9.86 
1.38 
8.75 
2.77 
2.54 
.35 
6.51 
137. 08 
2.76 

20.19 
5.95 
1.39 
3.89 
6.66 

12.40 
2.78 
8.57 
6.49 
4.22 
8.66 

20.22 

50.28 
2.37 

32. 87 

17.32 
4.36 

35.10 
6.09 



Debt. 



Interest. 



Dollars. 

100. 08 

287. 54 

349.54 

24.39 

28.26 

53.93 

81.28 

3.40 

37.72 

25.55 

16.67 

49.81 

46.66 

7.37 

124. 19 

11.18 

3.67 

36.17 

1.60 

3.62 



26.61 
4.77 

51.44 

9.44 

160.32 



16.02 



11.91 
45.90 



65.65 
21.61 

3.74 
78.85 

5.71 



12.99 
86.62 



31.09 

17.65 

1.76 

5.02 

151.02 

46.13 

24.21 

42.98 

31.85 



110. 72 
17.86 
5.18 
29.00 
92.59 
11.51 
.79 
132. 81 
20.14 



Dollars. 

7.30 

11.13 

11.74 

1.12 

1.31 

2.55 

4.14 

.14 

1.67 

.83 

1.36 

2.53 

1.99 

.43 

.30 

.74 

.20 

1.65 

.07 



.80 
.33 

2.23 
.42 

5.85 



.40 
1.89 



1.84 
2.16 

.12 
3.52 

.47 



.67 
2.61 



1.18 
.24 
.11 



4.18 
o ^2 

1.07 



1.48 



4.32 
.61 
. 25 

1.14 

3.29 
.36 
.03 

7.03 



Reyenue. 



Dollars. 

13.08 

37.32 

39.82 

1.67 

13.40 

11.46 

18.32 

1.99 

9.58 

8.44 

6.05 

10.64 

9.01 

1.24 

1.77 

4.81 

3.26 

12.68 

.15 



11.95 
8.24 
4.32 
6.17 
9.31 

17.85 

2.29 

3.24 

.05 

.65 

8.47 

15.44 

.16 

6.02 

5.66 

1.20 

11.64 
2.90 
3.64 
.45 
2.15 

11.60 
1.73 

11.93 

17.31 

.77 

1.63 

10.56 
7.12 
7.81 
3.13 
5.37 
2.76 

10.58 
9.56 
6.16 
3.26 

17.57 
8.64 
1.40 

17.42 
1.97 



Stjindard of 
currency. 



Gold 5ei> . . 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Silver.... 
Gold 5f> . . 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold»s«.. 
Silver »e» . 
Silver.... 
Silver'*'. 

Silver 

Gold 

Silver.... 
Goldss".. 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 



Silver. 
Gold... 



Silver... 
Gold 53". 
Gold ss^i . 
Gold.... 
Gold.... 
Gold.... 



Silver 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

.Silver 5s« . 

Silver 

Gold 

Gold 68... 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold M" . . 

Gold 

Gold 

GoW«.. 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 

Gold 



I 



I 



Note.— For explanatory notes see page 4374. 



19M.] 



TEEEITOEIAL AlfB COMMEECIAL EXPANSION OP UNITED STATES. 



4373 



Commerce with the United States; also their Revenue, Expenditure, Indebtedness, Currency, Stocks 
Indebtedness, Currency, etc. — Continued. 



OD page 4374.] 





STOCKS OF 


MONEY. M 




MONEY PER CAPITA. 


COUNTRIES. 


Gold. 


Silver. 


Uncovered paper. 


Total. 


Gold. 


Silver. 


Paper. 


Total. 


Dollars. 
25,000,000 

12S,600,000 

2S3, 000, 000 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 
290,600,000 


Dollars. 
315,600,000 

134,700,000 

410,700,000 


Dollars. 
5.21 

28.20 

6.23 


Dollars. 


Dollars. 
60.62 


Dollars. 
66.83 

29.54 

9.04 


Argentina. 


6,100,000 
81,100,000 


1.34 
1.78 


Australasia: Commonwealth. 

New Zealand. 
Austria-Hungary. 
Austria. 


46,600,000 


1.03 


i 1 














Hungary. 


16,000,000 
400, 000 


25,000,000 
3,800,000 


108, 300, 000 


149,900,000 

4,200,000 

369,800,000 

«o 80,100,000 

6, 900, 000 

97,400,000 

39,200,000 

43,100,000 

750,000,000 

372, 000, 000 

3,500,000 

29,200,000 

4, 200, 000 

36,400,000 

13,800,000 

1,525,700,000 


2.39 
.22 


3.82 
2.09 


16.18 


22.40 
2.31 
25.80 
«« 9.21 
l.So 
17.85 

9.24 

14.12 
1.84 

93.00 
2.22 

11.84 
3.48 
3.74 
5.03 

39.15 


Belgium. 
Bolivia. 


369,800,000 

« 4,700,000 

1,000,000 

56,900,000 

30,200,000 

30,700,000 


25.73 

60 .54 

.27 

10.43 

7.12 

10.06 


Brazil. 


« 37,500,000 

1,000,000 

33,800,000 

2,000,000 

9,600,000 


M 37,900,000 
4,900,000 
6, 700, 000 

7,000,000 

2,900,000 

750,000,000 

2, 000, 000 

1,500,000 

5,900,000 

1,300,000 

6,400,000 

600,000 

419,800,000 


«> 4.31 

.27 

6.19 

.47 

3.11 


K'4.36 
1.31 
1.23 

1.05 

.95 

1.84 

.50 

.95 

2.39 

1.08 

.66 

.22 

10.77 


British colonies, n. e. s. 

Bulgaria. 

Canada. 

Central America: Costa Rica. 

Guatemala. 

Hondura.". 

Nicaragua. 

San Salvador. 
Chile. 
China. 




370,000,000 




92.60 


Colombia. 


2,000,000 
15,600,000 

2, 600, 000 
30, 000, 000 

4,100,000 
947, 700, 000 


1.27 
6.29 
2.15 
8.08 
1.49 
24.32 


Cuba. 


7,800,000 
300,000 


3.16 
.25 


Denmark. 

Ecuador. 

Egypt. 


9,100,000 
158,200,000 


3.32 
4.06 


Finland. 
France. 
Algeria. 


















Tunis. 


















French colonies, n. c. s. 


















French East Indies. 


763,500,000 


207,500,000 


184,100,000 


1,155,100,000 


13.04 


3.64 


3.14 


19.73 


German Empire. 
German States. 


















German colonies. 


" 200,000 

63, 200, 000 

107,700,000 

62,600,000 


1,500,000 
2,200,000 
615, 800, 000 
37,700,000 
30,400,000 


48,700,000 

3, 500, 000 

32,400,000 

171,300,000 

61,300,000 


60,400,000 
6,700,000 
611,400,000 
316, 700, 000 
154,300,000 


.09 

.77 

.21 

3.31 

1.36 


.61 
1.70 
1.75 
1.16 

.66 


20.01 

2.70 

.11 

5.28 

1.34 


20.71 
5.17 
2.07 
9.75 
3.36 


Greece. 

Haiti. 

India, British. 

Italy. 

Japan. 

Formosa. 


















Korea. 


8, 600, 000 
21,300,000 


106,000,000 
66, 600, 000 


84,000,000 

20,800,000 

«2 22,000,000 

7,900,000 

10,500,000 


168,600,000 

98,700,000 

'"■ 22, 000, 000 

19,600,000 

10,600,000 


.63 
3.98 


7.83 
10.69 


3.99 
3.89 


12.45 

18.46 

.63 

8.66 

16.67 


Mexico. 
Netherlands. 

Dutch East Indies. 


8, 200, 000 
100, 000 


3,500,000 


3.62 
.16 


1.55 


3.49 
10.51 


Norway. 
Paraguay. 






Persia. 


3,900,000 

6, SCO, 000 

«i 14,300,000 

746, 200, 000 


2,900,000 

6,600,000 

" 800,000 

104,600,000 

2, 200, 000 

1,700,000 

193,000,000 

173, 700, 000 

7,000,000 

10,700,000 

40,000,000 

116,800,000 

M 659,800,000 

" 29, 400, 000 

4,300,000 

2, 600, 000 




6,800,000 

74,800,000 

«i 23,200,000 

850,800,000 

6,400,000 

7,900,000 

196,600,000 

392,400,000 

53,800,000 

61,300,000 

90,000,000 

782,800,000 

63 2,308,700,000 

M 29,400,000 

29, 600, OOO 

23,800,000 


.85 

.98 

2.42 

5.29 


.63 
1.20 

.14 

.74 
3.60 

.67 
38.60 
9.33 
1.35 
3.19 
1.60 
2.78 
8.21 
3.87 
4.48 
1.06 




1.48 
13.78 

3.92 

6.03 
10.49 

3.12 
39.32 
21.08 
10.35 
18.27 

3.61 
18.65 
29.47 

3.87 
30.76 

9.73 


Peru. 


63,000,000 
0' 8,100,000 


11.60 
1.37 


Portugal. 

Roumania. 

Russia. 


4,200,000 
4,300,000 
2,600,000 
142, 900, 000 
29,000,000 
20,700,000 


6.89 

1.70 

.52 

7.68 
5.58 
6.17 


Santo Domingo. 


1,900,000 
1,000,000 
75,800,000 
17,800,000 
29,900.000 

648, 100, 000 
«3 1,249,600,000 


.75 
.20 
4.07 
3.42 
8.91 
2.01 
13.06 
16.55 


Scrvia. 

Siam. 

Spain. 

Sweden. 

Switzerland. 

Turkey. 


117,900,000 
M 459,300,000 


2.81 
5.71 


United Kingdom. 
United States. 

Philippine Islands. 


15, .500, 000 
20, COO, COO 


9,700,000 
600,000 


16. 16 
1 8.42 


10.12 
.25 


Uruguay. 
Venezuela. 


5, 355, 000, 000 


3,680,700,000 


2,903,000,000 


11,999,300,000 


1 






Total. 


1 1 







■ u 



EXPLANATORY NOTES. 



1 Exclusive of intercolonial commerce, but including gold and silver. 

2 Including gold and silver. 
-•Not included in total. 

8 Year ending June 30. 

< Included under Russia. 

5 French Africa. 

c Includes French possessions in India and French Indo-China, viz, Cochin 

China, Tonkin, Anam, Cambodia, and Laos. 
' Including area and population oi the feudatory States. 
« Included under Sweden. 
«• Exclusive of Alaska and Hawfui. 
« Actual receipts and expenditures. 
w Of which $54,347,834 constituted the internal debt. 
11 Budget estimate. 

"2 Of which 5,284,020 crowns was paper money. 
" Includes outstanding arrears, 487,204,000; treasury bonds, 14,475,000, and debts 

of various ministries, 165,081,000 crowns. 
w Includes, besides the interest on the pubUc debt proper, payments in reduction 
of the land-redemption bonds, 17,614,266; payments in reduction of tithes 
(dime des vignes), 86,000, and interest payments to guaranteed railways, 
27,356,467 crowns. 
15 External debt. 
i& Internal debt. 

II Includes the debt classed as " internal," the floating debt proper, and the 
paper circulation. The value of the milreis has been taken as equivalent 
to 23.1 cents. 
19 Treasury and deficiency bills of the Cape of Good Hope government. 
19 Estimated. 
» Exclusive of the East Rumelian tribute of 2,951,000 francs per year, for -which 

no capital value has yet been fixed. 
Mo Default on the foreign debt. 

21 From and on account of the consolidated fund. 

22 Net. The gross debt amounted in 1902, June 30, to $366,358,477, of which 

$129,392,026 was not funded. Against the gross debt there were $94,520,387 
of assets, $50,874,000 constituting the sinking fund. 

23 Including arrears of interest amounting to £14,289,783. 

21 Converted into securities of the Salvador Railway Company, in consideration 

of an annual subsidy of £24,000. 
25 Exclusive of the tof.il paper currency, 0^5,789.176 pesos in 1903. No attempt 

has been made to express this amount in terms of Uniled States currency, 

the gold premium in that year reaching as high as 25,000 per cent. 
85 Total gross debt, against which assets amounting to $27,962,901 were held by 

the Treasury. 
21 Against which reserve funds amounting to $40,221,000 were held in the begin- 
ning of 1903. 
28 Local budget only, exclusive of subsidies and other expenditures of the hom« 

government in the interests of the colony. 
2» Includes 120,000,000 marks of treasury notes and 2,824,500 outstanding arrears 

of interest. 
80 Exclusive of transfers from the Imperial treasury, appearing in the budget of 
1 the Empire. 
'1 Exclusive of contributions to the Imperial treasury, appealing in the budget 

of the Empire, 
s-i Exclusive of subventions paid by the Imperial Government to the extent of 

$6,443,000. 
M Paper debt, including forced currency loans; value of the currency drachma 

taken as equivalent to 12.2 cents. 
31 Largely in depreciated paper. 
85 Of which $4,737,783 in paper. 

80 Of this total, 1,161,913,883 rupees represent the permanent debt in India, and 

£130.307,090 the permanent debt in England. 

81 Of this total £4,000,000 represents India council bills, and 216,961,391 rupees 

Ihe miscellaneous obligations of the Indian govenunent. 
8' Includes the consolidated and redeemable debts. 
8' Includes ordinary treasury bonds, notes of the State bank, advances of the 

bunks of issue. 
» Against this total the treasury held bonds and securities valued at 166,039,000 

lire, making the net debt=$2,628,569,000. 



«i Including 1,591,416 yen of treasury notes. 

*! Paper money. 

« Of which £1,116,686 were arrears of guarantee payments due to the Paraguayan 
Central Railway. 

« Includes, besides the internal debt proper, 12,570,000 pesos of circulating notes. 
The value of the currency peso has been taken as equivalent to 10 cents. 

<5 There are besides outstanding the debts due to Brazil, 9,870,500 pesos, and 
to Argentina, 12,393,600 pesos. 

« The foreign debt, amounting, in 1890, to £31,579,080, exclusive of arrears of 
interest of £22,998,651, was assumed in that year by the Grace-Donahue Com- 
pany on concession of the railways, and certain rights over guano deposits, 
mines, and lands In Peru for sixty-six years. 

" Of which £41,668,645 are reported to be in the hands of the Government. 

♦8 Of which 3,049,522,636 was in gold rubles or in terms of foreign currency, and 
3,579,723,450 rubles in terms of Russian currency. This total does not 
include about 550,000,000 rubles of credit notes in circulation, more than 
fully covered by the metallic reserve of the Bank of Russia. 

*> Secured by customs duties and specially assigned revenues, the collection of 
which is controlled by the Santo Domingo Improvement Company, of New 
York. 

80 Of which 9,604,484,956 pesetas were classed as "internal" debt. 

81 Practically all contracted for the purpose of construction of railways. 

82 Total liabilities of the Federation, exclu-sive of the railway debt. 
88 Mainly balance of the Rvissian war indemnity. 

8* Represents the funded debt proper and the estimated capital liability in 
respect to terminable annuities. 

85 ITnfunded debt proper and total capital liabilities contracted under various 
acts. 

58 The item in the column "Funded debt" is the total interest-bearing debt 
of the United States. The item in the column "Floating debt" represents 
all the remaining ind^tedness of the United States, less the cash and other 
immediately available'^esources in the Treasury. 

5' External debt, including arrears. 

5' Internal debt, including arrears. 

58« On a paper basis. 

5» The value of the monetary stock of silver-standard countries has not been 
changed to conform to the decline in silver values. The monetary stock of 
Mexico and other countries where the Mexican dollar circulates is given in 
terms of Mexican dollars. Data furnished by the Director of the Mint. 

80 Stocks of money in British South Africa and the Straits Settlements, with 
an estimated total population of 8,700,000. 

01 Stock in banks according to the Economiste Franfais (January, 1902). 

02 Amount of notes of the "Java Bank" outstanding on March 1, 1901. 

08 Figures furnished by the Director oi the Mint as per date June 30, 1903. 
0* Estimated on the basis of information contained in the Report of the Chief of 
the Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Department, for the year 1903. 

NOTE.— United States equivalents of the following monetary units: 
Argentina: Paper peso (1902)=44.41 cents, 
((1901)=44.6 cents. 



Bolivia: Boliviano 



KI 



l(1902)=39.5 cents. 

(1901) =23.1 cents. 

(1902) =22.4 cents. 



Honduras: Peso 



Brazil: Milre: 

Costa Rica: Colon (1902)=46.5 cents. 
Greece: Paper drachma (1902)=12.2 cents. 
Guatemala: Paper peso (1902) =11.6 cents, 
f (1901) =43.1 cents. 
'> (1902) =38.2 cents. 
Nicaragua: Peso (1901)=43.1 cents. 
San Salvador: Pe.so (1902) =38.2 cents. 
Ecuador: Sucre=4S.065 ccnf-s. 
Mexico: Peso (1902)=41.1 cents. 
Paraguay: Paper peso (1902) =10 cents. 
Siam: Tical (1902) =35 cents. 
Persia: Cran (1902) =8.49 cents. 



4374 



■JUL 24 13^7 



LB.IL '06 



